PREPARE TO VIEW

Compare Nonfiction and Media

he infographic shows nine types of intelligences in
a visual format. Consider similarities and differences
between the science feature and the infographic.
GUT MATH THE THEORY OF MULTIPLE
INTELLIGENCES

About the Theorist The Theory of Multiple

Intelligences
Media Vocabulary ANNOTATE

hese words will be useful to you as you analy e discuss and write
about multimodal texts such as infographics.
Howard Gardner
b. 1 4 is an merican infographic: image used to • An infographic can simplify a complex
psychologist and a present information, data, subject and present it engagingly.
professor at the Harvard or knowledge quickly and • It is structured to encourage
raduate chool of clearly comparisons of ideas and information.
Education. he child of
icons: symbols or graphic • Icons are designed to be simple,
ewish parents who fled
representations, often used functional, and easily recognizable.
ermany before World
in charts and on digital • On digital screens, icons allow the user
War II ardner has been
called one of the 1 screens easy access and identification.
most influential public labels and captions: • Labels are often formatted to draw
intellectuals in the world.” short descriptive words attention to specific content.
lthough he has published or phrases that provide • Captions are used to briefly explain the
do ens of books and information content of an image.
research articles he remains
best known for his theory
of multiple intelligences
which he outlined in his
book Frames of Mind:
Comprehension Strategy NOTEBOOK
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
The Theory of Multiple
Intelligences.
Make Predictions
When you make predictions, you use what you know about a text
to guess at the types of ideas it might include. se these elements of
informational graphics to make predictions and then correct or confirm
them after you review the entire thing.
• Features: ext features such as icons and labels can help you make
predictions about the general content.
• Structures: Informational graphics use design elements shapes color
TEKS and typography to structure ideas. You can look at the layout of the
5.C. Make, correct, or confirm graphic to make predictions about the information.
predictions using text features,
characteristics of genre, and
structures.
PRACTICE can the infographic before you read it fully. se the text
8.F. Analyze characteristics of
features and structures to make predictions. hen correct or confirm
multimodal and digital texts. those predictions as you read more closely.

530 I 4 H I E I E CE

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 MEDIA: INFOGRAPHIC

The Theory of Multiple

Intelligences
Howard Gardner
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

BACKGROUND
When Howard Gardner first developed his theory of multiple intelligences in
1983, he identified seven different ways that people can be intelligent. He
added the naturalist and existential intelligences to his theory about a decade
later. According to his theory, intelligence is not defined by a single ability, but
by different types of related abilities. Gardner’s theory claims that most people
have a combination of these types of intelligences, but they will often display
some types more strongly than others.

The Theory of Multiple Intelligences 531

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BUILD INSIGHT
NOTEBOOK
Work on your own to
answer the questions
in your notebook.
Use text evidence
to support your
responses.
WORKING
AS A GROUP
Discuss your responses
to the Analysis and
Discussion questions
with your group.
• Note agreements
and disagreements.
• Summarize insights.
• Consider changes of
opinion.
If necessary, revise your
original answers to
reflect what you learn
from your discussion.
TEKS
5.C. Make, correct, or confirm
predictions using text features,
characteristics of genre, and
structures.
6.A. Describe personal connections
to a variety of sources, including
self-selected texts.
6.C. Use text evidence to support an
appropriate response.
532 UNIT 4 • HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
Response
1. Personal Connections Which type of intelligence do you think you
display most strongly? Explain.
Comprehension
2. Reading Check (a) What ability is associated with linguistic
intelligence? (b) Which type of intelligence is characterized by the
ability to understand yourself and your feelings? (c) What ability is
associated with interpersonal intelligence?
3. Strategy: Make Predictions Note at least one prediction you made
about the purpose of the infographic based on its features and
structures. Were you able to confirm your prediction, or did you have to
correct it?
Analysis and Discussion
4. (a) Analyze What is the purpose of the illustration in the center of the
infographic? (b) Evaluate Does it successfully achieve this purpose?
Explain.
5. (a) Analyze How are intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligences
related? (b) Draw Conclusions Would someone who strongly displays
one of these types of intelligences automatically display the other as
well? Explain.
6. Make a Judgment What might be the benefits and drawbacks of
categorizing intelligence as Gardner has done? Explain your thinking
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
7. Get Ready for Close Review Choose a section of the infographic that
you find especially interesting or important. You’ll discuss the section
with your group during Close-Read activities.
EQ How do we know what
Notes we know?
What have you learned about human intelligence from this infographic?
Go to your Essential Question Notes, and record your observations and
thoughts about “The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.”
 ANALYZE AND INTERPRET

Close Review NOTEBOOK

With your group, discuss the categories of intelligence that Gardner

defines. Then, write a question and your conclusion.

THE THEORY OF MULTIPLE

MY QUESTION: INTELLIGENCES

MY CONCLUSION:

Inquiry and Research RESEARCH

NOTEBOOK
Research and Extend Find out how teachers have used Gardner's
theories to design innovative classroom lessons and activities. Present
your findings to the group.

Media Vocabulary NOTEBOOK

These words describe characteristics of multimodal texts. Practice using

them in your responses. If you have any difficulty, use gestures or refer
back to the infographic itself.
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

infographic icons labels and captions

1. How do the text and graphics work together to convey information?

EQ Before moving
Notes on to a new
2. Do you like the icons, or do you think any of them could be improved? selection, go to your
Explain. Essential Question
Notes and record what
you learned from “The
Theory of Multiple
3. How does this format convey the information better or worse than Intelligences.”
images or text alone?

The Theory of Multiple Intelligences 533

 TEST PRACTICE

Compare Nonfiction and Media

Multiple Choice NOTEBOOK

GUT MATH
These questions are based on the science feature “Gut Math” and “The
Theory of Multiple Intelligences” infographic. Choose the best answer to
each question.
1. Which text or graphic features appear in both the article and the
infographic?
A illustrations
THE THEORY OF MULTIPLE B citations
INTELLIGENCES
C footnotes
D sidebar

2. Which type of text or graphic feature appears in the article but not in
the infographic?
F icons
G title
H citations
J captions

3. Which type of intelligence defined in the infographic best relates to

the idea of number sense described in the article?
A bodily-kinesthetic
B existential
C logical-mathematical
D intrapersonal

4. What conclusion can you draw from both the science feature and the
infographic about how number sense and multiple intelligences could
both be applied to education? © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

F Educators could use knowledge of both to help design instruction.

G Students could use knowledge of both to help guide their learning.
H Neither A nor B
J Both A and B

TEKS
6.B. Write responses that
demonstrate understanding of
texts, including comparing sources
within and across genres.

534 UNIT 4 • HUMAN INTELLIGENCE

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