GEOSCIENCES CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE

Design of 30,000 Litres Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and

Foundation

September, 2018

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job Title: DESIGN OF 30,000 LITRES OVERHEAD TANK SUPPORT TOWER AND FOUNDATION

STRUCTURAL DESIGN INFORMATION

INTENDED USE & BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE
The proposed steel tower is to provide support for a 30,000 litres-capacity Braithwaite pressed steel tank at a height of 27.0m above ground level. The tank measures 3.66m square on plan and
is 2.44m deep i.e reference code 3*3*2.

The structural solution consists of a 4-legged lattice tower, 27m high, carrying a platform, which measures 5.46m square on plan. The platform is made of 254X146UB31 secondary girders
`POS 14’, placed at 1.22m intervals over 305x165UB40 Main girders `POS 13’ which are, in turn, supported by the tower legs made of 203x203UC23 at the corners of a square of side 3.66m
. Both the secondary and main girders are extended to carry the walkway and the handrails.

For stability the tower is braced horizontally at 3.0m intervals with 100EA8 `POS 02’. Cross bracing is made of 80EA8 `POS 03’, designed as ties. The Holding Down system consists of
350mmx350mmx20 base plates which are anchored to the concrete pedestals with M20 grade 8.8 bolts.

The Holding Down system consists of 350mmx350mmx20 base plates ,which are anchored to the foundation concrete with M20 grade 8.8 bolts. The foundation is made of 600mm thick
reinforced concrete raft slab. Further details of the design are given in the accompanying drawings.

GENERAL LOADING CONDITION
 Dead and Imposed loading

Self weight of tank = 27.43kN (from catalogue).

Contents (Water) = 327.31kN
Open flooring system = 0.51kN/m² (35x5 steel grating)
Maintenance load=5.0kN/m²
Railing & Posts = 0.35kN/m
Wind loading
Basic wind speed, v=32m/s (3-sec gust speed)

DURABILITY & FIRE RESISTANCE
Fire resistance-: 1 hour for all elements
Minimum cover to all reinforcement - 50mm substructure

CODES OF PRACTICE & REFERENCES
EUROCODE 1: EN1991–1–1: 2002: Actions on Structures,
EUROCODE 2: EN1992–1 - 1–2004: Design of Conceret Structures,
EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 1: 2005: Design of Steel Structures,
EUROCODE 3: EN1993 - 1 - 8: Design of Joints
ANSI/EIA/TIA-222-G-2003: Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures
MATERIALS & STRENGTHS
Normal Weight Concrete grade C25/30
Characteristic cube strength, fcu = 30N/mm²
Characteristic cylinder strength at 28 days, fck = 0.8 x characteristic cube strength = 25N/mm²

Reinforcement 
High yield deformed bars type 2 to BS 4449
Characteristic strength, fyk = 410N/mm²

Structural Steel Grade S275 (43A) 
Young’s Modulus, Es =210kN/mm²

Bolts 
Mild steel bolts grade 8.8

Prepared by: Kelvin Nasamu, B.Eng

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 01 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
BASIC ASSESSMENT OF OVERHEAD WATER TANK
STRUCTURAL DESIGN INFORMATION
Tank Value Unit
Type: Pressed Steel Braithwaith
Reference Code: 332
Length of Tank, L: 3.66 m
Breadth of Tank, B: 3.66 m
Depth of Tank, D: 2.44 m
Volume of Tank: 32,731.00 Litres
Width of inspection corridor, b: 0.90 m
Spacing of Secondary girders, l: 1.22 m
Gravity Loads:
Maintenance Load on walkway, Wm : 5 kN/m²
Self Weight of Tank, Wt : 27.43 kN
Weight of Water in Tank, Ww : 327.31 kN
Open Flooring System, Wf : 0.51 kN/m²
Railings and Post, Wr : 0.35 kN/m
PLATFORM LOADING

INTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG1'

From tank own weight, gk : =l*Wt/(L*B) = 2.50 kN/m
From water, qk : =l*Ww/(L*B) = 29.81 kN/m
Open flooring system, gk : =l*Wf = 0.62 kN/m
Maintenance load, qk : at Cantilever =l*Wm = 6.10 kN/m
Railings + Post, gk : =l*Wr = 0.43 kN

EXTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG2'

From tank own weight: =0.5*l*Wt/(L*B)= 1.25 kN/m
Open flooring system @ span =0.5*b*Wf= 0.23 kN/m
gk= 1.48 kN/m
From water: =0.5*l*Ww/(L*B)= 14.90 kN/m
Maintenance Load @ span =0.5*b*Wm= 2.25 kN/m
qk= 17.15 kN/m
Open flooring system, gk: =0.5*(l+b)*Wf= 0.54 kN/m
Maintenance load, qk: at Cantilever =0.5*(l+b)*Wm= 5.30 kN/m
Railings + Post, gk: =0.5*(l+b)*Wr= 0.37 kN/m

PERIMETER BEAM 'SG3'

Open flooring system: =0.5*b*Wf= 0.23 kN/m
Railings + Post (UDL): =Wr= 0.35 kN/m
gk= 0.58 kN/m
Railings + Post (point load), gk: =0.5*b*Wr= 0.16 kN/m
Maintenance load, qk: =0.5*b*Wm= 2.25 kN/m

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 02 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
INTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG1'
Factors of Safety: γG= 1.35 γ Q= 1.5
gk (kN/m)= 0.62 gk (kN/m)= 2.50 gk (kN/m)= 0.62
qk (kN/m)= 6.10 qk (kN/m)= 29.81 qk (kN/m)= 6.10
gk (kN)= 0.43 gk (kN)= 0.43

(mm) 900 3660 900

M (kNm) 4.60 4.60 76.00 4.60 4.60
V (kN) 9.70 88.00 88.00 9.70
Rp (kN) 6.10 6.10
Rv (kN) 60.10 60.10
EXTERNAL TANK BEARER 'SG2'
Factors of Safety: γG= 1.35 γ Q= 1.5
gk (kN/m)= 0.54 gk (kN/m)= 1.48 gk (kN/m)= 0.54
qk (kN/m)= 5.30 qk (kN/m)= 17.15 qk (kN/m)= 5.30
gk (kN)= 0.37 gk (kN)= 0.37

(mm) 900 3660 900

M (kNm) 4.00 4.00 42.50 4.00 4.00
V (kN) 8.30 50.70 50.70 8.30
Rp (kN) 4.00 4.00
Rv (kN) 36.20 36.20
PERIMETER BEAM 'SG3'
Factors of Safety: γG= 1.35 γ Q= 1.5
gk (kN/m)= 0.58
qk (kN/m)= 2.25
gk (kN)= 0.16 gk (kN)= 0.16

(mm) 900 3660 900

M (kNm) 1.90 1.90 5.10 1.90 1.90
V (kN) 4.00 7.60 7.60 4.00
Rp (kN) 1.80 1.80
Rv (kN) 6.10 6.10
TYPICAL TANK BEARER 'SG'
z I - section
Calculations in accordance with BS EN 1993-1-1:2005
BS EN 1993- All moments and loads are factored.
1-1:2005 Design Info:
y y h
Design bending moment about major axis Msd, = 76.00 kNm
Design shear force Vsd = 88.00 kN
tw

tf

z
b
Preliminary Sizing
Checking Moment
2
Table 3.1, Steel grade S275 fy = 275 N/mm
EN 1993-1- Assume t < 40mm Wpl,y reqd =
1:2005 3 3
Plastic Modulus, Wpl,y reqd = Msd/fy = 276.36 cm 276.36 cm
Checking Deflection w

Steel Assume simply supported, actual deflection,δ=(wL4/384EI)(5-24n2)

Designer's Limiting deflection,δlim=span/720 = L/720
Manual-6th
Ensuring deflection is within limit, Ireq=720wL4(5-24n2)/384EL N L N
Edition
(2003), pg where
1086 w=1.0gk+1.0qk = 32.31 kN/m
n=N/L
L= 3.66 m N= 0.90 m
2
n= 0.245901639 E= 2.10E+08 kN/m Ireq=
4 4
therefore; Ireq= 5.02E-05 m 5.02E-05 m
Try 254x146UB31kg/m
Steel Section Properties Mass per meter = 37 kg/m
Designer's 4
Width of flange, bf = 146.1 mm Second moment of area about yy-axis, Iyy = 4410 cm
Manual-6th Depth of section, h = 251.4 mm Radius of gyration about yy-axis, ryy = 10.5 cm
Edition
depth of web, hw = 219.0 mm Radius of gyration about zz-axis, rzz = 3.36 cm
(2003), pg 3
1168&1169 web thickness, tw = 6.0 mm Plastic modulus about the yy-axis, Wpl,y = 393 cm
3
Flange thickness, tf = 8.6 mm Elastic modulus about the yy-axis, Wel,y = 351 cm
Root radius, r = 7.6 mm Torsional Index, x = 29.6
2
Area of cross - section, A = 39.7 cm Buckling parameter, u = 0.879

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 03 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Classification of section
for flange
BS EN 1993- tf <40mm tf = 8.6 mm Class of section
1-1:2005, Steel grade S275 Compact section
2
Table 5.2 Design strength fy = 275 N/mm Slender section
(sheets 1 of Constant, ɛ =(235/fy)= 0.92
3 & 2 of 3) Compression flange, c/t = 0.5(b -t -2 7.26
f f w
Limiting c/tf = 10ɛ = 9.24 Compact section
for web Section is ok
c/tw = hw/tw = 36.50 Class 2
Limiting c/tw = 83ɛ 76.73 Compact section Section is at least compact
Shear Buckling Check
BS EN 1993- c/tw <72ɛ/Ƞ Ƞ= 1.2 (S275)
1-5:2006, cl. 72ɛ/Ƞ = 55.46
5.1(2) therefore, the check for shear buckling resistance of the web does not need to be verified. Section is ok
Restraint Assumption
Full lateral restraint.
Shear Capacity Check
BS EN 1993- Applied shear force, VEd = 88 kN
1-1:2005 Shear area, Av = A-2bftf+(tw+2r)tf > Ƞhwtw
cl. 6.2.6(2) 1639.4 > 1576.80
Partial factor for resistance of a section, γmo= 1.05 Shear Capacity
Therefore, shear capacity Vc,Rd= Vpl,Rd= =Av(fy/sqrt3)/(γmo*1000) 247.89 kN > VEd ok
BS EN 1993- Moment Resistance Check
1-1:2005 Moment Capacity with low shear value
Cl. 6.2.5 Shear force VEd = 88 kN < 0.5Vpl,Rd 123.95 kN low shear Moment Resistance
Cl. 6.2.8 Moment Resistance Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd =Wpl*fy/(γmo*1000) 102.93 kNm > 76 kNm ok
Lateral Torsional Buckling Check
The beam is laterally restraint, hence lateral-torsional buckling check does not need to be verified.
Deflection Checks Under Serviceability Load
Span of beam for deflection, Ls 3660 mm
BS EN 1993- For a unit load i.e w= 1 kN/m
2
1-1:2005 Modulus of Elasticity, Es = 210 kN/mm
Steel 4 2
Deflection, d = wLs (5-24n )/384EI N L N
Designer's n=N/L
Manual-6th d= 0.179 mm
Edition Permanent action,wp = 1.0gk = 2.50 kN/m
(2003), pg
Deflection d1 = wpd = 0.447 mm
1086
Variable action,wv = 1.0qk = 29.81 kN/m
Structural Deflection d2 = wvd = 5.338 mm
Engineering Limiting defelction = L s /(2*350) 5.229 mm < 5.338 mm
Pocket dmax = d1 + d2 Defection requirement
Book; 5.785 mm is satisfied
Second Limiting deflection = Ls/(2*250) = 7.32 mm > 5.785 mm
Edition;

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 04 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Web Crushing (bearing on the web) Check
Force applied through flange, Fsd = 97.7 kN
Stiff bearing length Ss = 2(tf + r) + t 38.40 mm
Design Stress in beam flange
2
σEd = MEd/Wel,y = 216.52 N/mm
Material partial factor of safety, γM1 1.05
Length over which the effect takes place
sy = 2n = 2tf(bf/tw)^0.5*(fyf/fyw)^0.5*(1-(σEd/fyf)^2)^0.5
2 2
fyf = 275 N/mm fyw = 275 N/mm (tf , tw<40mm)
sy = 52.32 mm
Crushing Resistance/load capacity of web Load bearing capacity
Ry,Rd = ((ss + sy)twfyw)/γM1 = 142.57 kN > Fsd 97.7 kN of web ok

BS EN 1993- Web Buckling Check

2 2
1-1:2005 Effective length of web, Beff = (h + ss )^0.5
Cl. 6.3.1.3 254.32 mm
Effective height of web for buckling, L =0.7d
=0.7hw
153.3 mm
Radius of gyration of web, iweb = tw/√12
1.73 mm
Effective Area Aeff = =twBeff
2
1525.89 mm
Non dimensional slenderness, λ = (Lcr/i)*(1/λ1)
λ1 = π√(E/fy)= 86.83
OR λ1 = 93.9ɛ
therefore,
λ= 1.02
Table 6.2 h/b = > 1.2
BS EN 1993- and for buckling about the z - z axis,
1-1:2005 use curve (b)
Table 6.1 Imperfection factor α = 0.34
2
ɸ = 0.5(1+α(λ-0.2) + λ )
= 1.16
Reduction factor χ = 1/(ɸ+sqrt(ɸ2-λ2) <= 1.00
Cl. = 0.58
6.3.1.1(3) Nb,Rd (Design buckling resistance of compression member)
EN 1993-1- = χAfy/γM1 Web buckling capacity
1:2005 = 233.70 kN > Fsd 97.7 kN ok
No load carrying stiffeners is required to prevent web buckling
SECTION SUMMARY
SECTION 254x146UB31kg/m
Design Shear Force 88.00 kN
Shear Capacity 247.89 kN
Design Moment 76.00 kNm
Moment Capacity 102.93 kNm
Applied Flange Force 97.70 kN
Local Web Capacity 142.57 kN
Web Buckling Capacity 233.70 kN
Section is Adequate

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 05 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
MAIN GIRDER 'MG'
LOADING
From internal tank bearer, gk 6.10 kN qk 60.10 kN
From external tank bearer, gk 4.00 kN qk 36.20 kN
From secondary beam, gk 1.80 kN qk 6.10 kN
Factors of Safety: γG= 1.35 γ Q= 1.5

1.80 4.00 6.10 6.10 4.00 1.80 gk (kN)

6.10 36.20 60.10 60.10 36.20 6.10 qk (kN)

900 1220 1220 1220 900 (mm)

10.42 10.42 109.61 10.42 10.42 M (kNm)
11.58 98.38 98.38 11.58 V (kN)
11.90 11.90 Rp (kN)
102.40 102.40 Rv (kN)

MAIN GIRDER 'MG' DESIGN

z I - section
Calculations in accordance with BS EN 1993-1-1:2005
BS EN 1993- All moments and loads are factored.
1-1:2005 Design Info:
y y h
Design bending moment about major axis Msd, = 109.61 kNm
Design shear force Vsd = 98.38 kN
tw

tf

z
b
Preliminary Sizing
Checking Moment
2
Table 3.1, Steel grade S275 fy = 275 N/mm
EN 1993-1- Assume t < 40mm Wpl,y reqd =
1:2005 3 3
Plastic Modulus, Wpl,y reqd = Msd/fy = 398.58 cm 398.58 cm
Alternatively,
Steel Checking Deflection
Designer's Since the maximum moment occur at the midspan, midpsan loads are critical for sizing;
3
Manual-6th δmax = 23PL /648EI P= 1.0 gk + 1.0qk L= 3.66 m
Edition Limiting deflection,δlim=span/720 = L/720 66.20 kN
(2003), pg To ensure deflection is within limits,I =then
720*(23PL2)/648E Ireq=
1083 4 4
I= 1.08E-04 m 1.08E-04 m
Try 305x165UB40kg/m
Steel Section Properties Mass per meter = 54 kg/m
Designer's 4
Width of flange, bf = 165.0 mm Second moment of area about yy-axis, Iyy = 8500 cm
Manual-6th Depth of section, h = 303.4 mm Radius of gyration about yy-axis, ryy = 12.9 cm
Edition
depth of web, hw = 265.2 mm Radius of gyration about zz-axis, rzz = 3.86 cm
(2003), pg 3
1168&1169 web thickness, t w = 6.0 mm Plastic modulus about the yy-axis, Wpl,y = 623 cm
3
Flange thickness, tf = 10.2 mm Elastic modulus about the yy-axis, Wel,y = 560 cm
4
Root radius, r = 8.9 mm Torsional constant, It = 14.7 cm
2
Area of cross - section, A = 51.3 cm Buckling parameter, u = 0.889
4 6
Second moment of area about zz-axis, I 764 cm Warping constant, Iw = 0.164 dm

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 06 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Classification of section
for flange
BS EN 1993- tf <40mm tf = 10.2 mm Class of section
1-1:2005, Steel grade S275 Compact section
Table 5.2 Design strength fy = 275 N/mm
2
Slender section
(sheets 1 of
Constant, ɛ =(235/fy)= 0.92
3 & 2 of 3)
Compression flange, c/tf = 0.5(bf-tw-2 6.92
Limiting c/tf = 10ɛ = 9.24 Compact section
for web Section is ok
c/tw = hw/tw = 44.20 Class 2
Limiting c/tw = 83ɛ 76.73 Compact section Section is at least compact
Shear Buckling Check
BS EN 1993- c/tw <72ɛ/Ƞ Ƞ= 1.2 (S275)
1-5:2006, cl. 72ɛ/Ƞ = 55.46
5.1(2) therefore, the check for shear buckling resistance of the web does not need to be verified. Section is ok
Shear Capacity Check
BS EN 1993- Applied shear force, VEd = 98.38 kN
1-1:2005 Shear area, Av = A-2bftf+(tw+2r)tf > Ƞhwtw
cl. 6.2.6(2) 2006.76 > 1909.44
Partial factor for resistance of a section, γmo= 1.05 Shear Capacity
Therefore, Plastic shear resistance VVpl,Rd= =Av(fy/sqrt3)/(γmo*1000) 303.44 kN > 98.38 kN (VEd) ok
BS EN 1993- Moment Resistance Check
1-1:2005 Moment Capacity with low shear value
Cl. 6.2.5 Shear force VEd = 98.38 < 0.5Vpl,Rd =151.72 kN low shear Moment Resistance
Cl. 6.2.8 Moment Resistance Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd =Wpl*fy/(γmo*1000) 163.17 kNm > 109.61 kNm ok
Lateral - Torsional Buckling Check
Since the beam is subject to possible lateral - torsional buckling, the buckling resistance moment is considered.
BS EN 1993- Length between adjacent restraint, L 3600 mm
2 2
1-1:2005 χLT = 1/(ɸLT + sqrt(ɸLT - βλLT ))
2 2 2
Cl. 6.3.2.3 ɸLT = 0.5(1 + αLT(λLT - λLT,O) + βλLT π EIz/Lcr = 1222137.34
λLT = sqrt(Wpl,yfy)/Mcr Iw/Iz= 21465.96859
Mcr = (π2EIz/Lcr2)*((Iw/Iz) + (Lcr2GIt/π2EIz))^0.5 Lcr2GIt/π2EIz= 9715.010366
G=E/2(1+v) v= 0.3
2
Therefore; G = 80769.23 N/mm
Mcr = 215.81 kNm
λLT = 0.8910
λLT,O = 0.2
β= 0.75
Cl. 6.3.2.2(4) λLT > λLT,O lateral torsional buckling cannot be ignored. curve c curve b
Table 6.5 h/b > 2 1.84 > 2 curve b
Table 6.3 αLT = 0.34
ɸLT = 0.915
χLT = 0.68 <= 1
2 ok
<= 1/λLT = 1.26
Cl. 6.3.2.1(3) Design buckling resistance moment χMLTWyfy/γM1=
110.20 kNm > MEd ok Section is adequate.

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 07 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Deflection Checks Under Serviceability Load
Span of beam for deflection, Ls 3660.00 mm
BS EN 1993- For a unit load i.e P= 1 kN/m
2
1-1:2005 Modulus of Elasticity, Es = 210 kN/mm
Steel 3
Deflection d = 23PL /648EI
Designer's = 9.74895E-05 m
Manual-6th = 0.0975 mm
Edition
(2003), pg Permanent action,w = 1.0g = 6.10 kN
p k
1083
Deflection d1 = wpd = 0.595 mm
Variable action,wv = 1.0qk = 60.10 kN
Structural
Engineering Deflection d2 = wvd = 5.859 mm
Pocket Limiting defelction = Ls/(2*360) 5.08 mm > 5.859
Book; dmax = d1 + d2
Second 6.454 mm Deflection requirement is
Edition; Limiting deflection = Ls/(2*250) = 7.32 mm > 6.454 mm ok
2009 (pg 72)
Web Crushing Check
BS EN 1993- FRd = fywLefftw/γM1
1-5:2006 leff = χf ly
Cl. 6.2 ly = le + tf sqrt((m1/2)+(le/tf)^2 +m2
Cl. 6.5(3) or ly = le + tf sqrt(m1+m2) whichever is smaller
2
Cl. 6.5(1) m1 = fyf bf/fywtw fyf=fyw= 275 N/mm
m1 = 27.50 (tf & tw < 40mm)
Assume λf > 0.5
m2 = 0.02(hw/tf)^2
= 13.52
2
le = kfEtw /(2fywhw)
Cl. 6.1; fig. 6.1 kf = 2 + 6((ss+c)/hw) ss = 2(T+r)+tw = 44.2 mm
= 3.00 c= 0
le = 155.49 mm
ly = 319.85 mm
or ly = 220.82 mm ly = 220.82 mm
Cl. 6.4(1) Reduction Factor χf
χf = 0.5/λf λf = sqrt(lytwfyw/Fcr)
Fcr = 0.9kfEtw3/hw 461809.95 N
λf = 0.888 > 0.5 ok
χf = 0.563 < 1.0
leff = 124.30 mm
FRd = 195.33 kN > 109.96 kN ok

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 08 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Web buckling check
BS EN 1993- Buckling resistance of web, Nb,Rd = χAfy/γM1
1-1:2005 A = twBeff
2 2
Cl. 6.3.1.1(3) Beff = (h + ss )^0.5 306.60 mm
2
A= 1839.62 mm
2 2
Cl. 6.3.1.2 χ = 1/(ɸ + sqrt(ɸ -λ )
ɸ= 0.5(1 + α(λ - 0.2) + λ2
λ= (Lcr/i)*(1/λ1) Lcr = 0.7d 185.64 mm
iweb = tw/sqrt12 1.73 mm
λ1 = 93.9ɛ 86.80
λ= 1.23
BS EN 1993- α (imperfection factor):
1-1:2005, h/b>1.2 1.84 > 1.2
Table 6.1 & Use buckling curve b (buckling about z - z axis)
6.2 therefore α = 0.34
ɸ= 1.44
χ= 0.46 < 1.0 ok Nb,Rd
Nb,Rd = 221.45 kN 221.45 kN
Nb,Rd > NEd Web buckling capacity
SECTION SUMMARY ok
SECTION 305x165UB40kg/m
Design Shear Force 98.38 kN
Shear Capacity 303.44 kN
Design Moment 109.61 kNm
Moment Capacity 163.17 kNm
Applied Flange Force 109.96 kN
Local Web Capacity 195.33 kN
Web Buckling Capacity 221.45 kN
Section is Adequate

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 09 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Clause 4.4.2 Preliminary Sizing of Tower Members (Refer to Drawing No. 2018-194, sht 05 of 08)
of Stanchions (Legs)
ANSI/TIA/E Unbraced length, lo = 3000 mm ≈ 3m
IA-222-G: Effective length factor, k = 1.00 (Clause 4.5, TIA 222-G)
Structural Limiting slenderness ratio = klo/rzz = 150
Standards therefore, rzz(req) = klo/150 = 20 mm Try
for Antenna = 2.00 cm 203x203UC46kg/m
Supporting
Length of member = 27.00 m Width of section = 0.2036 m Nos = 2 rzz = 5.13cm
Structures
Horizontal Bracing
and
Unbraced length, lo = 3660 mm
Antennas.
Effective length factor, k = 1.00
Limiting slenderness ratio = klo/rvv = 200
therefore, rvv(req) klo/200 = 18.3 mm Try 100EA8
= 1.83 cm rvv 1.96cm
Length of member = 3.66 m Width of section = 0.10 m Nos = 9
Diagonal (cross) Bracing
Unbraced length, lo = 3514.10 mm
Effective length factor, k = 1.00
Limiting slenderness ratio = klo/rvv = 300
therefore, rvv(req) klo/300 = 11.71 mm Try 80EA8
= 1.17 cm rvv 1.56cm
Length of member = 3.51 m Width of section = 0.08 m Nos = 18
Calculation of effective areas for wind loading
2
Legs: 203x203UC46 10.9944 m
2
Horizontal Bracing: 100EA8 3.294 m
2
Diagonal (cross) Bracing: 80EA8 5.06 m
2
Total Effective Areas for Wind on Tower = 19.35 m
Tower
Height of Tower, HT: 27.00 m
Height to Top of Tower: 29.99 m
Width at Top: 3.66 m
Width at Bottom: 3.66 m
Classification of Structure
Structure is class II (table 2.1; ANSI/EIA/TIA 222-G)
Wind Direction Probability factor, k 0.85 (Table 2.2)
Importance Factor, I = 1.00 (Table 2.3)
Cl 2.6.6.2 & Topographic Factor, kzt = 1.00
2.6.6.4 (category 1)
Cl 2.6.5.1 Exposure Category C
Cl 2.6.5.2 Exposure Category Coefficients (Table 2.4):
zg = 274 m
α= 9.5
kzmin = 0.85
ke = 1.00
Height above ground level, z: 29.99 m
Wind Speed, V: 32 m/s
Cl 2.6.7.1 Gust Response Factor, Gh: 0.85
Projected Area of Structural Components, Af :
2
For tank 13.40 m
2
For tower 19.35 m
Gross Area, Ag:
2
For tank 13.40 m
2
For tower 104.32 m
Cl 2.6.9.1.1 Solidity Ratio, ξ = Af/Ag
For tank 1.00
For tower 0.19
Table 2.6 Directional Factors, Df :
ANSI/EIA/T Normal to Face= 1.00
For Tank o
IA 222-G 45 to Face= 1.20 max
Normal to Face= 1.00
for Tower o
45 to Face= 1.1325

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 10 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Loading
Tank Loads:
Height to top of tank, z = 29.99 m
2/α
Cl 2.6.5.2 Velocity Pressure Coefficient, kz = 2.01(z/zg)
= 1.26 kz = 1.26
kzmin <= kz ok
kz <= 2.01 ok
2
Cl 2.6.9.6 Velocity Pressure, qz = 0.613kzkztkdV I
2
= 0.673 kN/m
Reynolds Force coefficients for Tank, Cf :
examples of h/b = 8.20
design of RC b/d = 1.00
buildings to Cf = 1.1
BS 8110 (pg
238)
Cl 2.6.9.1.1 Effective Projected Area, EPA = DfCfAf
Normal to face = 14.735 m2
@ 45o to face = 17.682 m2
Cl 2.6.9.1 Wind Load on Tank, FST1 = qzGh(EPA)s
Normal to face = 8.43 kN
@ 45o to face = 10.12 kN
Tower Loads
Mid -height from ground, z = 9.00 m
2/α
Cl 2.6.5.2 Velocity Pressure Coefficient, kz = 2.01(z/zg)
= 0.979
kzmin <= kz ok
kz <= 2.01 ok
2
Cl 2.6.9.6 Velocity Pressure, qz = 0.613kzkztkdV I
2
= 0.522 kN/m
2
Cl 2.6.9.1.1 Force coefficient for Tower, Cf = 4.0ξ - 5.9ξ + 4
= 3.04
Cl 2.6.9.1.1 Effective Projected Area, EPA = DfCfAf
2
Normal to face = 58.88 m
2
@ 45o to face = 66.69 m
Cl 2.6.9.1 Wind Load on Tower, FST2 = qzGh(EPA)s
Normal to face = 26.15 kN
@ 45o to face = 29.61 kN
Overturning Moments at Tower Base
Wind normal to face (CASE 1)
From Tank = FST1*(z - 0.5D) 242.61 kNm
From Tower = FST1*0.5HT 353.02 kNm
Total, SF (kN) = 34.58 595.63 kNm
o
Wind @ 45 to face (CASE 2)
From Tank = FST2*(z - 0.5D) 291.13 kNm
From Tower = FST2*0.5HT 399.80 kNm
Total, SF (kN) = 39.73 690.93 kNm

NOTE: Vertical bracing will be design to suit CASE 1 loading and the towe legsand its holding system will be design to suit CASE 2 loading.
Load Cases and Combinations
Two wind directions have been considered for the tower - tank assembly ( i.e normal to face and diagonal to face). Wind normal or perpendicular to tower
face will produce maximum stress in the bracing, while wind @ 45o to the face will result in maximum stress in the legs. For each wind direction, three load
combinations (dead, imposed, wind) are considered at the SLS and ULS.
Additional load schedule (from selfweight of designed members)
Member Self weight (kN/m) Length (m) Nos. Total (kN)
254x146UB31kg/m 0.311 5.46 4 6.792
305x165UB40kg/m 0.403 5.46 2 4.401
203x203UC46kg/m 0.460 27.00 4 49.68
100EA8 0.122 3.66 36 16.075
80EA8 0.0963 3.51 72 24.365
254x89 0.417 5.46 2 4.554
Total = 105.867

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 11 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Axial load on diagonal column, Wk +/-
= 690.93/sqrt(2x3.66^2) +/- 133.49 kN
Permanent load per column, Gk = 11.90+(105.867/4) = 38.37 kN
Variable load per column, Qk = 102.40 kN
How to Load Combination 1: Permanent + Variable loads (STR)
design to Ultimate : 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk= 205.40 kN
Eurocode 2; Service : 1.0Gk+1.0Qk = 140.77 kN
Load Combination 2: Permanent + Variable + leading Variable i.e wind (STR)
EN1990 Variable load (accompanying) = γQ1Ψ1Qki Ψ1 = 0.9
:2002 1.35Gk + 1.35Qk + 1.5Wk = 390.27 kN Max Compression
Ultimate :
Tables A1.1, 1.35Gk + 1.35Qk - 1.5Wk = -10.20 kN Tension
A1.2, A1.4 1.0Gk + 1.0Qk + 1.0Wk = 274.25 kN
Service : All Compression
1.0Gk + 1.0Qk - 1.0Wk = 7.28 kN
EN Load Combination 3: Permanent + Variable (wind) loads (EQU)
1990:2002, 1.0Gk+1.5Wk = 238.60 kN Compression
Ultimate :
Table 0.9Gk-1.5Wk = -165.70 kN Tension, to be held
A1.2(A) down
Tower Member Forces
Maximum load, N = 390.27 kN Compression
Coulmns: Minimum load, T = -165.70 kN Tension
Associated shear force per leg = 14.90 kN

From wind load = 1.5*(SF/2) = 25.94 kN

Horizontal Bracing:
2.5% of force in restrained member = 9.76 kN
Total = 35.69 kN

2 2
Diagonal Bracing: Ft = (√(6 +3.66 )/3.66)*Horizontal Force = 68.54 kN

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 12 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Typical Sanchion Design
BS EN 1993- NEd Axially loaded Column
1-1:2005 Calculations in accordance with BS EN 1993-1-1:2005
Compressive load is factoredmand length between restraint is the same for both axes.

Design Axial Compressive Load, NEd = 390.27 kN

h
Length between restraints, L = 3000 mm
≈ 3m
Section Properties: From Steel Detailers & Steel Designers Manuals
203x203UC46 kg/m Mass per meter = 46.1 kg/m
4
Section Properties Iyy = 4570 cm
Second moment of area = 4
Width of flange, bf = 203.2 mm Izz = 1550 cm
Depth of section, h = 203.2 mm Radius of gyration about yy-axis, ryy = 8.82 cm
depth of web, d = 160.8 mm Radius of gyration about zz-axis, rzz = 5.13 cm
3
web thickness, tw = 7.3 mm Wpl,y = 497 cm
Plastic modulus: 3
Flange thickness, tf = 11 mm Wpl,z = 231 cm
3
Root radius, r = 10.2 mm Wel,y = 450 cm
2 Elastic modulus: 3
Area of cross - section, A = 58.7 cm Wel,z = 152 cm
2 4
Modulus, E = 210 kN/mm Torsional Constant, It = 22.2 cm
6
Warping Constant, Iw = 0.143 dm
BS EN 1993- tf <40mm tf = 11 mm Class of section
1-1:2005, Steel grade S275 Compact section
Table 5.2 Design strength fy = 275 N/mm
2
Slender section
(sheets 1 of
Constant, ɛ =(235/fy)= 0.92
3 & 2 of 3)
Compression flange, c/tf = 0.5(bf-tw-2r)/t 7.98
Limiting c/tf = 14ɛ = 12.94 Cl 5.5.2(10) Compact section
for web Section is ok
c/tw = d/tw = 22.03 Class 2
Limiting c/tw = 124ɛ 114.63 Cl 5.5.2(10) Compact section Section is at least compact
For Buckling about z-z axis
Compressive Strength:
Applied Compressive Force, NEd = 390.27 kN
Effective length of Column, Lcr = LE = 3000 mm
Radius of Gyration, rzz = 51.30 mm
2
Effective Area, Aeff = 5870 mm
93.9ɛ
Slenderness Parameter, λ1 = 86.80
Cl 6.3.1.2 Non-dimensional Slenderness, λ
(Lcr/i)*(1/λ1) 0.67
BS EN 1993- α (imperfection factor):
1-1:2005, h/b<1.2 1.00 < 1.2
Table 6.1 & Use buckling curve c (buckling about z - z axis)
6.2 therefore α = 0.49
2
Cl.6.3.1.2 ɸ = 0.5(1+α(λ-0.2)+λ = 0.84
2 2
χ(Reduction factor) = 1/(ɸ + sqrt(ɸ -λ ) 0.74
Material Partial factor of safety γM1 1.05
Cl 6.3.1.1(3) Nb,Rd = χAfy/γM1 1139.04 kN
Cl 6.3.1.1(1) Since Nb,Rd > NEd Use 203x203UC46kg/m
3
Section is ok Wpl,z = 231 cm

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 13 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Typical Horizontal Bracing Design
z
Axially Loaded
v u
Calculations in accordance with BS EN 1993-1-1:2005.
Compressive load is factored and length between restraints is the same for both axes.
h
y y

v
u z
b Design axial compressive load, NEd = 35.69 kN
Length between restraints, L = 3660 mm

Section Properties : From Steel Designers Manual (6th Edition)

100EA8 Mass per meter = 12.2 kg/m
4
depth of web, h = 100 mm Second moment of area, Iuu = 230 cm
4
width of section, b = 100 mm Ivv = 59.9 cm
flange thickness, t = 8 mm Radius of gyration, iyy,izz = 3.06 cm
root radius: r1 = 12 mm iuu = 3.85 cm
r2 = 6 mm ivv = 1.96 cm
2 3
Area of section, A = 15.5 cm Elastic modulus, Wel.y,Wel,z = 19.9 cm
2
Distance of centre of gravity, c = 2.74 cm Youngs modulus, E = 210 kN/mm
4
Second moment of area: Iyy, Izz = 145 cm
Classification of Section
2
Table 3.1 tf<40mm fy = 275 N/mm
Constant, ɛ =(235/fy)= 0.92
Table 5.2; h/t < 15ɛ 12.5 < 13.87 Compact section
Sht 3 of 3 h+b/(2t) < 11.5ɛ 12.5 < 10.63 Slender section
Section is slender. Therefore strength reduction or equivalent section should be carried out for the RSA
therefore, heff = beff = 11.5ɛt = 85.05 mm
2
Effective area, Aeff = A-2t(h-heff) = 1310.74 mm
BS 5950-1: Slenderness
2000; Cl Effective lengths:
4.7.3 Effective lengths between restraints, lo = 3660 mm
about v - v axis, lvv = 0.85lo = 3111 mm
about axis parallel to connected leg, lyy = 0.85lo = 3111 mm
about axis peerpendicular to connected leg, lzz = 1.0lo = 3660 mm
Since end connection is made by bolts or equivalent weld,
BS EN 1993- Effective Slenderness: is greater of;
1-1:2005 & (a) lvv/93.9ɛivv and 0.35+0.7λv = 0.35+(0.7lvv/93.9Unsymmetrical bending
BB1.2 1.83 1.63
(Appendix) (b) lyy/93.9ɛiyy and 0.5+0.7λy = 0.5+(0.7lyy/93.9ɛIn-plane bending
1.17 1.32
(c) lzz/93.9ɛizz and 0.5+0.7λz = 0.5+(0.7lzz/93.9ɛOut-of-plane bending
1.38 1.46
Therefore, Effective slenderness ratio λeff = λmax = 1.83
Table 6.2 For L - sections, use buckling curve (b)
Table 6.1 Imperfection factor, α = 0.34
2
Cl 6.3.1.2 ɸ = 0.5(1+α(λ-0.2)+λ = 2.45
2 2
χ(Reduction factor) = 1/(ɸ + sqrt(ɸ -λ ) 0.25
Material Partial factor of safety γM1 1.05
Design buckling resistance of web Nb,Rd = χAfy/γM1
Cl 6.3.1.1(3) 84.20 kN Compressive capacity is
Nb,Rd > NEd Section is ok adequate
BS EN 1993- Tensile Resistance
1-8:2005; Cl say; Applied tensile force, NEd = 35.69 kN
3.10.3 Hole diameter, do = bolt diameter + 2mm (assume ø20mm bolt)
do = 20+2 22 mm
Table 3.3 Minimum end (e1) and edge (e2) distances
1.2do == 26.4 mm
Maximum end (e1) and edge (e2) distances = 8t or 125mm (whichever is greater)
Thickness of section = 8 mm
BS EN 1993- With one bolt,
1-8:2005; Cl Nu,Rd = 2.0(e2-0.5do)tfu/γM2
3.10.3(2) fu = fub (ultimate tensile strength for bolt) = 800 N/mm2 (Bolt class 8.8) Design axial tensile load
Cl 3.1.1; γM2 = 1.25 (Cl 2.2, Table 2.1) does not exceed tensile
Table 3.1 Nu,Rd = 157.70 kN resistance of section.
Nu,Rd > NEd Section is ok section is adequate.
Use one bolt at each end

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 14 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Typical Horizontal Bracing Design
z
Axially Loaded
v u
Calculations in accordance with BS EN 1993-1-1:2005.
Compressive load is factored and length between restraints is the same for both axes.
h
y y

v
u z
b Design axial compressive load, NEd = 68.54 kN
Length between restraints, L = 3514.10 mm

Section Properties : From Steel Designers Manual (6th Edition)

80EA8 Mass per meter = 9.63 kg/m
4
depth of web, h = 80 mm Second moment of area, Iuu = 115 cm
4
width of section, b = 80 mm Ivv = 29.9 cm
flange thickness, t = 8 mm Radius of gyration, iyy,izz = 2.43 cm
root radius: r1 = 10 mm iuu = 3.06 cm
r2 = 5 mm ivv = 1.56 cm
2 3
Area of section, A = 12.3 cm Elastic modulus, Wel.y,Wel,z = 12.6 cm
2
Distance of centre of gravity, c = 2.26 cm Youngs modulus, E = 210 kN/mm
4
Second moment of area: Iyy, Izz = 72.2 cm
Classification of Section
2
Table 3.1 tf<40mm fy = 275 N/mm
Constant, ɛ =(235/fy)= 0.92
Table 5.2; h/t < 15ɛ 10 < 13.87 Compact section Section is Class 3
Sht 3 of 3 h+b/(2t) < 11.5ɛ 10 < 10.63 Compact section compact

TIA 222-G Checking Limiting Slenderness

4.4.2 & 4.5 Since horizontal bracing is continuous through the cross-over point,
Effective length factor, k = 1
Effective length, LE = 3514.10 mm
Slendernes, λ = LE/ivv = 225
Limiting slenderness, λlim = 300
λ <= λlim ok
BS EN 1993- Tensile Resistance
1-8:2005; Cl say; Applied tensile force, NEd = 68.54 kN
3.10.3 Hole diameter, do = bolt diameter + 2mm (assume ø20mm bolt)
do = 20+2 22 mm
Table 3.3 Minimum end (e1) and edge (e2) distances
1.2do == 26.4 mm
Maximum end (e1) and edge (e2) distances = 8t or 125mm (whichever is greater)
Thickness of section = 8 mm
2
Net cross - sectional area of connected leg, a1 = (h-(t/2)-do)t = 432 mm
2
Net cross - sectional area of unconnected leg, a2 = (b-(t/2))t = 608 mm2
Effective area, Anet = a1+a2(3a1/(3a1+a2)) = 845.85 mm
BS EN 1993- With one bolt,
1-8:2005; Cl Nu,Rd = 2.0(e2-0.5do)tfu/γM2
3.10.3(2) fu = fub (ultimate tensile strength for bolt) = 800 N/mm2 (Bolt class 8.8) Design axial tensile load
Cl 3.1.1; γM2 = 1.25 (Cl 2.2, Table 2.1) does not exceed tensile
Table 3.1 Nu,Rd = 157.70 kN resistance of section.
Nu,Rd > NEd Section is ok section is adequate.
Use one bolt at each end

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 15 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Column Base Plate y
hc

z z
Bp

tp
Dp Dp

Slab base y
Axial compressive load, NEd = 390.27 kN
Shear on base in z-z direction, Vsd 14.90 kN
Cl 4.13.2.1 Using the Effective area method,
dc
BS 5950
2
Effective Area, A = 4c +(2hc+4bc-2tw)c+hwtw+2bctf-2tftw c
Given that;
hc = 203.2 mm
bc
bc = 203.2 mm
tf = 11 mm
c
tw = 7.3 mm
2 2c+tw
Thus, effective loaded area, A = 4c +1206.4c+5783.84 (1) 2c+tf
2
Table 3.1 Assume t > 40mm; fy 255 N/mm hc
2
BS EN 1993- Assume grade of concrete, fcu = 30 N/mm
2
1-1:2005
BS EN 1992- Concrete characteristics cylinder strength, fck = 25 N/mm
1; Cl Concrete compressive strength, fcd =αccfck/γc γc = 1.5 (Cl 2.4.2.4; EN 1992-1) αcc = 0.85
2
3.1.6(1) fcd = 14.17 N/mm
2
BS EN 1993- Design bearing strength, fjd = 0.67fcd 9.49 N/mm
2
1-1:2005 But area of base plate required, Ap' =NEd/fjd = 41116.65 mm (2)
Cl 6.2.5(7) Equating (1) and (2),
2
4c +1206.4c+5783.84 = 41116.65 (3)
Solving the above quadratic equation i.e. eqn (3), we have
c= 26.89 mm or -328.49 mm
therefore use c = 26.89 mm
Thickness of base plate required;
Cl 6.2.5(4) tp = c/(fy/(3fjdγmo))^0.5 = γmo = 1 (Table 2.1 EN 1993-1-8) tp(req) = 8.99mm
tp = 8.99 mm tp(prov) = 20mm
2
provide tp = 20 mm fyp = 275 N/mm
Base plate thickness > column flange thickness ok
therefore, Minimum length of plate, Dp(min) = 2c+hc = 256.98 mm
Minimum width of plate, Bp(min) = 2c+bc = 256.98 mm
Use 350x350x20mm thick plate.

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 16 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
BS EN 1993- Holding Down Bolts
1-8:2005 Axial uplift force, Ft,Ed = -165.70 kN
Accompanying shear force on base, Fv,Ed = 14.90 kN
Table 3.4 Bolts in Tension
Applied force on bolt, Ft,Ed = 165.70 kN
Number of bolts to be used, n = 4
Bolt diameter, bd = 20 mm
2
Tensile stress area, As = 245 mm (From Table 4.22, Design of
structural elements by Chanakya Arya)
2
Table 3.1 Ultimate tensile strength, fub = 800 N/mm (Bolt class 8.8)
Tension force per bolt, Ft,Ed,1 = Ft,Ed/n = 41.43 kN
Tension resistance per bolt, Ft,Rd = k2fubAs/γM2 =
Cl 2.2, Table γM2 = 1.25
2.1 k2 = 0.9
therefore, Ft,Rd = 141.12 kN Tension capacity of bolt
Ft,Rd > Ft,Ed,1 ok is adequate.
Table 3.4 Bolt in Shear
Applied shear force on bolt, Fv,Ed = 14.90 kN
Shear per bolt, Fv,Ed,1 = 3.72 kN
Shear resistance per shear plane, Fv,RdαvfubA/γM2 =
αv = 0.6
γM2 = 1.25
Fv,Rd = 94.08 kN
Fv,Rd > Ft,Ed,1 ok
Table 3.4 Combined Shear and Tension
Unity Check
(Fv,Ed/Fv,Rd)+(Ft,Ed/1.4Ft,Rd) ≤ 1.0 Bolt size and numbers are
0.25 ≤ 1.0 adequate

EN 1993-1- Column to baseplate welds

8: 2005; Cl Assumed leg length of weld, s = 6 mm
Throat thickness, a = 0.7s = 4.2 mm (EN 1993-1-8:2005; 4.5.2 & BS 5950-1-2000; 6.8.7.1)
Cl 4.5.1 Length of weld carrying axial load, l4h+2d-2a 1126 mm
Cl 4.5.3.3(1) Stress on weld due to compression, fNEd/l1 = 346.59 N/mm
stress on weld due to uplift, ft = Ft,Ed/l1 = 147.16 N/mm
length resisting shear force, lw = l1 = 1126 mm
Stress on weld due to shear, fw = vsd/lw = 13.23 N/mm
2 2
Resultant force, Fr = √(fc + fw ) = 346.85 N/mm
Shear stress accompanying uplift, fwuvsd/lw = 13.23 N/mm
2 2
Resultant force, Fru = √(ft + fwu ) = 147.75 N/mm
Critical resultant force, Fcrit = max(Fr,Fru) = 346.85 N/mm
therefore, design weld force per unit weld Fw,Ed = Fcrit = 346.85 N/mm
Cl 1993-1-1 Design shear strength of weld, Fvw,d (fu/√3)/(βwγm2)
EN4.5.3.3(3)
2
:2005, table fu = 430 N/mm ( t of weaker part < 40mm, S275)
3.1 βw = 0.85 (EN 1993-1-8:2005; table 4.1)
γm2 = 1.25 (Cl 2.2, table 2.1)
2
Fvw,d = 233.66 N/mm
Cl 4.5.3.3(2) Design resistance per unit length, Fw,Rd
Fvw,da 981.36 N/mm Weld capacity ok
Fw,Ed < Fw,Rd weld chosen is suitable 6mm fillet weld all round.

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 17 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Gk= 38.37 Gk= 38.37

Qk= 102.40 Qk= 102.40
Wk = 0 Wk = 133.49

Gk, Qk, Wk in kN

3600
Gk= 38.37 Gk= 38.37
Qk= 102.40 Qk= 102.40
Wk = -133.49 Wk= 0

3600

0
Wind Direction Wind at 45

Gk= 38.37 Gk= 38.37

Qk= 102.40 Qk= 102.40
Wk = -81.37 Wk = 81.37

Wind Direction Gk, Qk, Wk in kN

3600

Gk= 38.37 Gk= 38.37

Qk= 102.40 Qk= 102.40
Wk= -81.37 Wk= 81.37

3600

Wind normal to face

Bending moment normal to face = 595.63 kNm

Force = M/D (Moment = Force(F)xDistance(D))
= 162.74 kN
wind load per leg (Wk) = 81.37 kN

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 18 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Wind Loading
Wind normal to tower (wind direction D1)
Force on staging (tower) = 26.15 kN
Force on platform + tank = 8.43 kN
Wind at 450 to tower (wind direction D2)
Force on staging (tower) = 29.61 kN
Force on platform + tank = 10.12 kN
Overturning moment at tower base (at service)
Mo = 690.93 kNm
Reinforced
Soil stress in base τ = P± M
concrete
A Z
design by
Mosley and For a square footing (base), Z = I = BD3 x 2 = BD2
Bungey; 6th y 12 D 6
2
edition also, B = D = L; A = BD = L
therefore,τ = P ± 6M
2 3 (1)
L L
Total axial load (at service) - TANK FULL (condition 1)
Note: (203x203UC46kg/m) 49.68 kN
permanent load per column = 38.37 kN
therefore, P = 563.07 kN
eqn (1) becomes, τ = 563.07 ± 4145.59
2 3
L L
3
τL = 563.07L ± 4145.59
Assume a base slab thickness h = 450 mm
2
weight of base slab = 11.25 kN/m
2
Allowable soil bearing capacity = 140 kN/m
2
Net soil bearing capacity, τ = τnet = 128.75 kN/m
eqn (1) further becomes 128.75L3 = 563.07L ± 4145.59
3
= 128.75L - 563.07L - 4145.59 = 0
Lreq = 3.64 m
Total axial load (at service) - TANK EMPTY (condition 2)
2
P =4(38.37+102.40-81.83) + 11.25L
2
= 235.76 + 11.25L
τ = P _ 6M
L2 L3
2
= 235.76 + 11.25L _ 6(690.93)
2
L L3
3 3
τL = 235.76L + 11.25L - 4145.59
2
To ensure that the base remains in contact with the soil, τ = 0 kN/m
3
0 = 235.76L + 11.25L - 4145.59
Lreq = 6.2 m
2
Base area required Areq = 38.44 m
Provide 6.75 x 6.75 x 0.45m base.
Length of base L = 6.75 m Base Area
2
Width of base W = 6.75 m Prov. Aprov. 45.56 m
1575
6750

3660
1575

1575 3660 1575

6750

4.06
239.37
Wind direction 1 (wind normal to tower)
At ultimate,
N= 821.58 kN

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 19 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
Moment Mo = 893.45 kNm
Ultimate stresses for square base for wind normal to face
Fnet = P ± 6M
2 3
L L At ultimate,
= 821.58 ± 5360.70 N = 821.58 kN
6.75^2 6.75^3 Mo = 893.45kN
= 18.03 ± 17.43 Ultimate stresses
Fmax = (18.03 + 17.43)x6.75 239.37 kN/m Fmax = 239.37kN/m
Fmin = (18.03 - 17.43)x6.75 4.06 kN/m Fmin = 4.06kN/m
Ultimate loads:
(1) 1.35Gk + 1.35Qk + 1.5Wk 624.18 kN

(2) 1.35Gk + 1.35Qk - 1.5Wk 135.96 kN

135.96 624.18
1575 3600 1575

4.06

239.37

297.5

118.8
30.72

30.72
17.16

Shear Force Diagram (kN)

326.68

114.84

21.18

Bending Moment Diagram (kNm)

216.804
Shear
RCD by 2 2
Mosley and fck = 25 N/mm fyk = 410 N/mm
Bungey; 6th Maximum applied force, NEd = 624.18 kN
edition (pg At column face,
289) Depth of slab, h = 450 mm
Cover to reinforcement, c 50 mm
Assume bar size, ø = 12 mm
Mean effective depth, d = h - c - ø 388 mm
Column perimeter, u = 1400 mm
Max shear resistance, VRd,max = 0.5v1fcdud = 0.5v1(fck/1.5)ud0.5((0.6(1-f
= ck/250)(fck/1.5))ud
2444.40 kN
NEd < VRd,max ok Shear resistance ok
Punching Shear
@ 2d from column face
Critical perimeter = column perimeter + 4πd = 6276.38 mm
2 2 2
Area within perimeter ap= (350 + 4d) - (4 - π)2d = 3359270.50 mm
Table 8.2 & Assuming punching occurs at the bases of the four columns simultaneously, then
2
Table 8.3 Punching shear force VEd = =48.41(6.75 - 4ap) 1555.19 kN
2
Punching shear stress vEd = 0.16 N/mm
2 2
= 0.15 N/mm (fck = 25N/mm )
From table 8.2, ultimate shear stress is not excessive, therefore h = 450mm appears to be adequate.
Eqn. 4.7, 4.8 Bending Reinforcement
& 4.9; pgs M= 216.80 kNm
d= 388 mm
k= M = 0.058
bd2fck

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 20 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
k < 0.168 No compression reinf. Reqd.
la = 0.5 + √(0.25 - (k/1.134)) = 0.95
2
As(req) = M = 1655.37 mm
0.87fykz
2
Provide 44H12@150c/c Both ways, B & T As(prov) = 4972 mm
Minimum reinforcement = 100As/bd 0.19 > 0.13 ( Table 6.8 )
Table 2.1 & Minimum steel area required is satisfied.
eqn. 6.1; pgs Maximum bar size and bar spacing
24&130 fs = fyk x Gk + 0.8Qk x 1 Qk = leading variable action
resp. 1.15 (1.35Gk + 1.5Qk) δ δ = 1.0 (no redistribution)
2
fs = 212.18 N/mm
Table 6.7 & Bar size and spacing are satisfied to control cracking
6.9 Final check for punching shear
ρ = As/bd = 0.19% < 2%
2
Table 8.2 vRd,c = 0.43 N/mm
Shear resistance of concrete, VRd,c =vRd,cud 4188.61 kN
VRd,c > VEd ok
6.75m x 6.75m x 0.45m thick
TYPICAL STUB DESIGN
RCD by Preliminary Sizing
Mosley and Nud = 0.567fckAc + 0.87Asfyk (i)
Bungey; 6th Assuming minimum area of stee;
edition (pg As ≥ 0.002Ac
258) Nud = 0.567fckAc + 0.87(0.002Ac)fyk
Ac = Nud
0.567fck + 0.87(0.002)fyk

Nud = NEd = 390.27 kN

2
Ac = 26212.72 mm
assuming a square cross sectional stub,
stub plan dimension = 161.90 mm
161.90 mm
Column base plate dimension is critical for sizing; therefore,
Provide 600 mm square
900 mm long stub.
LOADINGS:
3
Unit weight of concrete 25 kN/m
S/wt of stub = 8.10 kN
wgt of baseplate (350x350x20) 0.19 kN
Say: Imposed loads
Wgt of 1 leg of tower 390.27 kN
Design load = 596.59 kN
Design of stub
N= 596.59 kN
from (i)
590.78x10^3 = 0.567(25)(600x600) + 0.87(As)(410)
2
As = -6390mm
therefore, provide nominal reinforcement
2
As = 0.2%bh 720 mm
2
Provide 12H12 ( 1356mm )
links = 1/4ø12 3 mm
spacing = 20ø12 240 mm
Provide H10 @ 200 c/c

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation

 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Calculation Sheet 21 OF 21
XXXXXXXX Member/Location
Job Title: Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower Drg Ref.
Made By KN Date:09/2018 Chd CE
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

y
L 1
DEFLECTION CHECK FOR TOWER 2 203x203UC46
3

h= 203.2 mm
A B b= 203.2 mm
T= 11 mm
t= 7.3 mm
d= 181.2 mm

z z

3600
D C

M M

3660
L

y
Area, a (mm2)
3
Shape Part 'y' (L-L) mm 'z' (M-M) mm ay (mm ) az (mm3)
1 2235.20 5.50 3761.60 12293.60 8407928.32
A 2 1322.76 101.60 3761.60 134392.42 4975694.02
3 2235.20 197.70 3761.60 441899.04 8407928.32

1 2235.20 3665.50 3761.60 8193125.60 8407928.32

B 2 1322.76 3761.60 3761.60 4975694.02 4975694.02
3 2235.20 3857.70 3761.60 8622731.04 8407928.32

1 2235.20 3665.50 101.60 8193125.60 227096.32

C 2 1322.76 3761.60 101.60 4975694.02 134392.416
3 2235.20 3857.70 101.60 8622731.04 227096.32

1 2235.20 5.50 101.60 12293.60 227096.32

D 2 1322.76 101.60 101.60 134392.42 134392.416
3 2235.20 197.70 101.60 441899.04 227096.32
Σ 23172.64 44760271.42 44760271.42

therefore, y' = 1931.6 mm

z' = 1931.6 mm
Iyy = Iyyi + A(z - z')
4
= 7.26E+10 mm
Izz = Izzi + A(y- y')
= 7.78E+10 mm4
3
Actual deflection of tower = PL /3EI
= 1.27E-02 m
Structural = 12.74 mm
Engineers Limiting deflection = L/180
pocket book, = 150 mm ok
2nd ed.,
2009, pg 72

Design of Overhead Water Tank Support Tower and Foundation