Contents

1 Top-Line Indicators

3 Comparison with Selected Countries/ Regions

4 Population

6 Labour Force

8 Income from Work

9 National Income
BOP
10 Balance of Payments

11 Investment in Singapore and Abroad

13 Business Entities

14 Manufacturing

15 Research & Development

15 Utilities

16 Construction & Real Estate

17 Services

17 Merchandise Trade

19 Transport and Communications

20 Tourism

21 Finance

23 Government Finance

24 Prices

25 Consumer Durables

26 Education

27 Health

28 Environment

29 Culture and Recreation

© Singapore Department of Statistics

Singapore in Figures 2019

 TOP-LINE INDICATORS
Economy

Gross Domestic Product Per Capita Real Economic Growth Productivity Growth
$ billion at current market prices Gross National Income % %
$ at current market prices
2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018
2017 2018 3.9 2.4
467.3 491.2 77,474 81,222
3.7 3.1

Total Output of Total Merchandise Trade Cargo Handled Container Throughput

Manufacturing Sector $ billion million tonnes million Twenty-foot Equivalent Units (TEUs)
$ billion
2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018
0 322.1 361.4 967.1 1,055.9 Air Cargo 2.1 2.2 33.7 36.6
Sea Cargo 627.7 630.1

International Visitor Arrivals Consumer Price Index Money Supply (M1) * Domestic Government Debt *
million annual percentage change $ billion $ billion
2017 2018
2017 2018 2017 2018
2017 2018 6
Arrivals All Items 0.6 0.4 502.0 546.7
17.4 18.5 183.7 184.5
All Items less
Imputed Rentals on
Owner-Occupied 1.7 1.3
Accommodation

* Data are as at end of period.

1
Singapore in Figures 2019
  
 
TOP-LINE INDICATORS
     
Social‐Demography        
  Total Rainfall 
Land Area  Population Density  Average Temperature 
sq km  per sq km  °C  mm 
  Minimum  Maximum  
2017 2018  2017  2018 
  2017 sq km  2018 
7,796  7,804  2,046     1,708 
  719.9  722.5  2018  25.4  31.6 
 
2017 25.2   31.1 
 

 
Total Population  Singapore Residents  Median Age of Residents  Literacy Rate 
  million  million  years  %, among residents aged 15 years & over 

2017 2018  2017 2018 

2017 2018   
5.6  5.6  97.2         97.3 
  4.0      4.0  2017 2018 

  40.5  40.8 
 

 
Mean Years of Schooling  Home Ownership  Doctors  Crime Rate 
  among residents aged 25 years & over  %, among resident households  per 10,000 Population  per 100,000 Population 

  2017 2018  2017 2018 

2017 2018 
 
2017 2018
90.7  91.0  24  24  582  587 
10.9  11.1 
 
 
 
   

Singapore in Figures 2019 2 

 COMPARISON WITH SELECTED COUNTRIES/REGIONS
Selected Economic Indicators, 2016
Korea, New United United
Singapore Australia Canada China Hong Kong Japan Republic of Malaysia Zealand Kingdom States

Real Growth in GDP (%) 3.0 2.0 1.4 6.7 2.1 0.9 2.9 4.2 3.5 1.8 1.6
Per Capita GNI (US$) 52,775 52,616 41,569 7,942 45,042 39,981 27,930 9,248 39,010 39,407 59,127
Unemployment Rate (%) 2.1 5.5 7.0 4.0 3.4 3.1 3.6 3.4 5.2 4.9 4.9
Labour Force Participation Rate (%)
Males 76 70 70 na 69 70 75 80 74 70 69
Females 60 60 61 na 55 50 53 54 64 58 57
Inflation Rate (%) -0.5 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.4 -0.1 1.0 1.8 0.6 0.7 1.3
Source: Official statistical publications and websites
UNSD National Accounts Main Aggregates Database
Note: There may be differences in the data definitions or data collection methods among different countries/regions.
Users should refer to official data sources for more information, where necessary.

Selected Socio-Demographic Indicators, 2016

Korea, New United United
Singapore Australia Canada China Hong Kong Japan Republic of Malaysia Zealand Kingdom States

Population (million) 5.6 24.2 36.1 1,382.7 7.3 127.0 51.3 31.6 4.7 65.6 323.1
Life Expectancy at Birth (years)
Males 80.7 80.4 79.9 73.6 1 81.3 81.0 79.3 72.1 80.0 79.2 76.1
Females 85.1 84.6 84.0 79.4 1 87.3 87.1 85.4 77.0 83.4 82.9 81.1
Infant Mortality Rate 2.4 3.1 4.5 7.5 1.8 2.0 2.8 6.7 3.6 3.9 5.9
(per 1,000 live-births)
Total Fertility Rate (per female) 1.20 1.79 1.54 1.70 1.21 1.44 1.17 1.92 1.87 1.79 1.82
Doctors Per 10,000 Population 23 35 1 25 1 18 1 19 24 2 23 15 1 31 1 28 26
Home Ownership (%) 90.9 67.5 67.8 85.4 4 50.4 61.5 3 56.8 55.8 4 63.4 62.9 63.4
Source: Official statistical publications and websites
WHO Global Health Observatory Data Repository
Note: There may be differences in the data definitions or data collection methods among different countries/regions.
Users should refer to official data sources for more information, where necessary.
1 Refers to 2015 2 Refers to 2014 3 Refers to 2013 4 Refers to 2010

Singapore in Figures 2019

3
 POPULATION

Population and Growth Rate

Total Resident
Total Resident Population Population
Population Population Growth Growth
Thousand Per Cent
Census
1990 3,047.1 2,735.9 2.3 1.7
2000 4,027.9 3,273.4 1.7 1.4
2010 5,076.7 3,771.7 1.8 1.0
Mid-Year Estimates
2016 5,607.3 3,933.6 1.3 0.8
2017 5,612.3 3,965.8 0.1 0.8
2018 5,638.7 3,994.3 0.5 0.7

Notes : Total population comprises Singapore residents and non-residents.

Singapore resident population comprises Singapore citizens and permanent residents.

Ethnic Composition of the Resident Population, 2018

Others
Indians 3.2%
9.0%

Malays Chinese
Total Resident 74.3%
13.4%
Population is
4.0 Million

Resident Vital Rates

Crude Crude Infant Total
Birth Rate Death Rate Mortality Rate Fertility Rate
Per 1,000 Residents Per 1,000 Per Female
Resident Live-births
1990 18.2 4.7 6.6 1.83
2000 13.7 4.5 2.5 1.60
2010 9.3 4.4 2.0 1.15

2016 9.4 4.8 2.4 1.20

2017 8.9 5.0 2.2 1.16
2018 8.8 5.0 2.1 1.14

Singapore in Figures 2019

4
 POPULATION
Age Pyramid of the Resident Population, 2008 and 2018

Age Group
Male (Years) Female
Number Number

End June 2018

17,005 85 & Over 32,772
8,704 End June 2008 17,711

23,779 80 - 84 33,324
13,200 20,682
41,288 75 - 79 52,039
25,589 33,412
64,029 70 - 74 71,517
37,508 43,799
103,758 65 - 69 108,343
54,560 60,625
134,928 60 - 64 136,760
75,256 77,905
152,528 55 - 59 151,862
114,878 114,478
153,908 50 - 54 155,057
145,713 143,476
149,811 45 - 49 158,027
160,849 157,229
145,974 40 - 44 157,666
158,996 158,367
143,661 35 - 39 160,059
149,911 157,332

133,775 30 - 34 147,622
139,144 150,673
143,758 25 - 29 147,873
126,755 136,359
129,956 20 - 24 125,560
113,468 111,917
116,102 15 - 19 110,418
134,000 128,856
105,026 10 - 14 101,504
130,128 123,668
101,636 5-9 97,430
115,186 108,436
94,916 0-4 90,612
99,147 94,742

Singapore Residents Aged 15 Years and Over by Marital Status, 2018

Divorced/
Single Married Widowed Separated

3.9%
Total 31.2% 59.9% 5.0%
1.9% 2.7%
33.1% 62.4%
Male

29.4% 57.5% 8.0% 5.0%

Female

Singapore in Figures 2019

5
 LABOUR FORCE

Resident Labour Force (‘000) *

2,292.7

2018 2,203.7 89.0

Employed Unemployed

2017 2,175.3 94.4

2,269.7
Resident Labour Force Participation Rate *

Total Male Female

2018
67.7% 75.6% 60.2%

2017 67.7% 76.0% 59.8%

Resident Unemployment Rate (Seasonally Adjusted) *

2018 2.9%

2017 3.1%

* Data are for mid-year.

Average Monthly Recruitment and Resignation Rates

2.3%
2.1%
1.8% 1.8%
Work

Average Monthly Average Monthly

Recruitment Rate Resignation Rate

2017 2018

Singapore in Figures 2019

6
 LABOUR FORCE

Employment Structure by Industry (‘000) *

2017 2018

Community, Social &

519.2 527.7
Personal Services
Wholesale & Retail
356.2 352.5
Trade

345.7 Business Services 348.3

223.6 Manufacturing 228.2

Transportation &
195.9 Storage 199.0
Financial &
189.6 Insurance Services 196.0
Accommodation &
134.4 Food Services
134.4

100.6 Construction 104.0

Information &
88.7 92.1
Communications

21.7 Others 1 21.6

* Data are for mid-year.

1
Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management.

Occupational Distribution *
2017 2018
Thousand
Employed Residents 1 2,175.3 2,203.7
Legislators, Senior Officials & Managers 333.4 322.8
Professionals 435.7 449.7
Associate Professionals & Technicians 451.0 481.5
Clerical Support Workers 244.2 237.7
Service & Sales Workers 252.1 266.1
Production & Related Workers 390.1 376.1
* Data are for mid-year.
1 Includes others not separately reflected.

Changes in Value Added Per Worker and Per Actual Hour Worked (%)

Changes in Value Added Changes in Value Added 4.7%

Per Worker 3.9% Per Actual Hour Worked 3.6%
2.4%

2017 2018 2017 2018

Average Weekly Paid Hours Worked

45.1 hours 44.8 hours

in 2017 in 2018

Singapore in Figures 2019

7
7
 INCOME FROM WORK

Gross Monthly Income from Work (Including Employer CPF Contributions) of Full-time Employed Residents 1

20th Percentile 50th Percentile (Median)

$2,340 2018 $4,437

$2,200 2017 $4,232

$1,885 2013 $3,705

Notes : Data are for mid-year.

As data are obtained from a sample survey, income for the 20th percentile nearer the end of the income spectrum tend to be more volatile
1over shorter than longer periods.

1
Refers to income earned from employment. For employees, it refers to the gross wages before deduction of employee CPF and personal income tax. It
comprises basic wages, overtime pay, commissions, tips, other allowances and one-twelfth of annual bonuses. For self-employed persons, it refers to the
average monthly profits from their business before deduction of income tax. Data exclude full-time National Servicemen.

Monthly Household Income from Work Per Household Member 1 among Resident Employed Households 2

20th Percentile 50th Percentile (Median)

$1,359 2018
$2,792

$1,311 2017 $2,699

$1,083 2013 $2,247

1 Refers to the household income from work divided by the total number of members in the household. For example, if there is one person in a household
of four who is working, his income is divided by four to derive the income per household member. Household income from work includes employer Central
Provident Fund (CPF) contributions.
2
A resident employed household refers to a household headed by a Singapore citizen or permanent resident and with at least one working person.

Singapore in Figures 2019

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7
 NATIONAL INCOME

National Income
Gross National Per Capita Gross National Gross Domestic
Income GNI Saving Product
(at Current Market Prices) (in Chained
(2015) Dollars)
Million Dollars Dollars Million Dollars
2014 385,070.0 70,400 189,022.4 411,540.3
2015 394,551.3 71,283 180,254.1 423,444.1
2016 408,820.3 72,909 194,330.0 435,987.9
2017 434,805.5 77,474 208,116.3 452,118.5
2018 457,982.8 81,222 218,474.6 466,312.6

8
Gross Domestic Product
Growth of Real GDP Share of Nominal GDP
2017 2018 2017 2018
Annual Percentage Change Percentage Share
Total 3.7 3.1 100.0 100.0
Goods Producing Industries 5.6 5.0 25.2 26.7
Manufacturing 10.4 7.0 20.1 22.0
Construction -11.5 -3.7 3.8 3.4
Services Producing Industries 2.8 2.9 70.8 69.6
Wholesale & Retail Trade 1.0 1.7 18.2 17.6
Transportation & Storage 4.4 1.3 7.1 6.7
Accommodation & Food Services 1.9 2.8 2.1 2.1
Information & Communications 5.2 5.4 4.1 4.1
Finance & Insurance 6.5 5.8 12.7 13.0
Business Services 0.8 2.8 15.1 14.9

Expenditure Share of Gross Domestic Product

Private Consumption Net Exports of Gross Fixed Government Changes in

Expenditure Goods and Services Capital Formation Consumption Inventories
Expenditure

2018 35.4% 26.9% 24.5% 10.7% 2.5%

2017 35.9% 25.2% 26.4% 10.5% 2.0%

2013 37.3% 23.1% 27.5% 9.7% 2.4%

Singapore in Figures 2019

9
 NATIONAL INCOME

Income Share of Gross Domestic Product

T-S
Taxes less Subsidies on
7.7% 8.0% 7.2% Production & on Imports

51.8% 51.7% 53.1%

Gross Operating Surplus

40.5% 40.3% 39.7%

Compensation of Employees

2013 2017 2018

BOP
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS

Balance of Payments
2013 2017 2018
Million Dollars
A Current Account Balance 60,452.3 76,510.1 87,772.0
Goods Balance 98,574.6 127,732.6 132,688.8
Exports of Goods 573,077.2 564,163.1 620,116.5
Imports of Goods 474,502.6 436,430.5 487,427.7
Services Balance -9,616.4 -10,863.9 -2,219.5
Exports of Services 177,719.3 236,896.1 246,210.7
Imports of Services 187,335.7 247,760.0 248,430.2
Primary Income Balance -20,729.9 -32,500.0 -33,191.7
Secondary Income Balance -7,776.0 -7,858.6 -9,505.6
B Capital and Financial Account Balance 40,184.5 35,891.5 66,696.7
Financial Account (Net) 40,184.5 35,891.5 66,696.7
Direct Investment -23,913.2 -70,586.2 -61,654.0
Portfolio Investment 80,128.2 46,297.2 32,224.3
Financial Derivatives -16,409.3 11,325.0 22,501.8
Other Investment 378.8 48,855.5 73,624.6
C Net Errors and Omissions 2,463.1 -2,777.4 -4,150.8
D Overall Balance (A-B+C) 22,730.9 37,841.2 16,924.5
E Reserve Assets 1 22,730.9 37,841.2 16,924.5

1 Decrease in assets and liabilities, and net inflows in net balances, are indicated by a minus (-) sign.

Singapore in Figures 2019

10
7
 INVESTMENT IN
SINGAPORE AND ABROAD

Stock of Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore * and Singapore’s Direct Investment Abroad *

Stock of Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore Stock of Singapore’s Direct Investment Abroad

1,567,974 2017 850,258

1,354,821 836,861
2016

808,461 498,028
2012

Million Dollars 0 0 Million Dollars

Stock of Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore by Industry *

2012 2016 2017
Million Dollars
Manufacturing 127,710 170,148 181,582
Construction 2,570 4,425 5,298
Wholesale & Retail Trade 166,702 296,385 289,754
Accommodation & Food Service Activities 4,907 6,514 6,709
Transport & Storage 34,700 28,866 31,322
Information & Communications 11,308 20,314 30,538
Financial & Insurance Services 375,899 668,854 853,807
Real Estate Activities 29,551 38,588 40,421
Professional, Scientific & Technical,
46,245 105,656 112,457
Administrative & Support Services
Others 8,870 15,071 16,086

Stock of Singapore's Direct Investment Abroad by Industry *

2012 2016 2017
Million Dollars
Manufacturing 97,137 156,909 163,127
Construction 1,474 2,208 2,168
Wholesale & Retail Trade 38,445 68,103 69,473
Accommodation & Food Service Activities 4,087 4,764 4,841
Transport & Storage 13,330 18,819 17,480
Information & Communications 22,424 38,392 41,453
Financial & Insurance Services 235,194 390,541 398,662
Real Estate Activities 39,444 66,660 67,162
Professional, Scientific & Technical,
9,497 24,430 21,716
Administrative & Support Services
Others 36,996 66,034 64,175

* Data are as at end of period.

Singapore in Figures 2019

11
7
 INVESTMENT IN
SINGAPORE AND ABROAD

Stock of Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore by Country/Region, 2017 *

Million Dollars
339,270

138,218 125,550 123,400

99,945 85,029

United Cayman British Virgin Netherlands Japan United

States Islands Islands Kingdom

Stock of Singapore’s Direct Investment Abroad by Country/Region, 2017 *

Million Dollars

139,974

70,713 65,746 57,394 54,503 48,749

China Cayman Indonesia Hong Kong United Australia

Islands Kingdom

* Data are as at end of period.

Investment Commitments in Manufacturing 1 and Services by Country of Origin

Local Foreign = 9,153.6

Total = +
318.2

2018 1,719.7 5,469.1 2,430.6 935.7 10,873.3

Asia Pacific
United States Europe Japan & Others

2017 931.7 3,575.1 2,722.9 892.8 1,326.6

9,449.1

Local Foreign = 8,517.4

0
Fixed Asset Investments (Million Dollars)

1 Includes servicing, engineering and R&D.

Singapore in Figures 2019

12
7
 BUSINESS ENTITIES

Formation and Cessation of Business Entities 1

Formation of Business Entities Cessation of Business Entities

61,804 2018 45,658

62,113 48,291
2017

60,201 41,775
2013

Number 0 0 Number

Formation of All Business Entities 1 by Industry

2013 2017 2018
Number
Manufacturing 2,389 2,013 1,922
Construction 3,438 2,848 2,713
Wholesale Trade 10,472 9,786 10,166
Retail Trade 6,571 5,418 5,216
Transportation & Storage 2,486 7,739 3,014
Accommodation 120 95 103
Food & Beverage Service Activities 2,879 3,298 3,341
Information & Communications 4,968 5,425 8,130
Financial & Insurance Activities 5,309 5,015 5,866
Real Estate Activities 934 747 692
Professional, Scientific & Technical Activities 9,902 9,719 10,725
Administrative & Support Service Activities 3,274 2,828 2,798
Education, Health & Social Services 3,716 3,504 3,400
Arts, Entertainment, Recreation & Other Service Activities 3,406 3,324 3,353
Others 337 354 365

Cessation of All Business Entities 1 by Industry

2013 2017 2018
Number
Manufacturing 1,872 1,761 1,756
Construction 2,460 2,277 2,260
Wholesale Trade 8,560 8,010 7,914
Retail Trade 4,918 5,153 4,603
Transportation & Storage 1,848 7,101 6,103
Accommodation 83 66 69
Food & Beverage Service Activities 2,360 2,117 2,160
Information & Communications 2,621 3,530 3,452
Financial & Insurance Activities 2,691 3,040 3,139
Real Estate Activities 712 652 652
Professional, Scientific & Technical Activities 5,777 6,848 6,477
Administrative & Support Service Activities 2,514 2,296 2,189
Education, Health & Social Services 2,097 2,346 2,083
Arts, Entertainment, Recreation & Other Service Activities 3,026 2,820 2,543
Others 236 274 258
1 Includes companies, sole-proprietorships, partnerships, limited liability partnerships, limited partnerships and public accounting firms.

Singapore in Figures 2019

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7
 MANUFACTURING

Principal Manufacturing Statistics

2013 2017 2018
Establishments (number) 9,303 9,096 na
Workers (number) 424,505 381,128 380,543
Materials ($ million) 163,561 154,772 171,694
Remuneration ($ million) 20,722 21,405 21,760
Other Operating Cost ($ million) 76,021 88,284 na
Manufacturing Output ($ million) 285,431 305,742 342,091
Total Output ($ million) 299,624 322,118 361,360
Value Added ($ million) 60,024 79,061 99,928
Net Operating Surplus ($ million) 31,486 48,750 na
Direct Exports ($ million) 189,935 213,656 na
Net Fixed Assets ($ million) 64,107 72,987 na
Gross Fixed Assets ($ million) 150,830 188,730 na

Selected Averages and Ratios in the Manufacturing Sector

2013 2017 2018
Remuneration Per Worker ($'000) 48.8 56.2 57.2
Manufacturing Output Per Worker ($'000) 672.4 802.2 899.0
Value Added Per Worker ($'000) 141.4 207.4 262.6
Net Fixed Assets Per Worker ($'000) 151.0 191.5 na
Remuneration to Total Output (%) 6.9 6.6 6.0
Remuneration to Value Added (%) 34.5 27.1 21.8
Value Added to Total Output (%) 20.0 24.5 27.7
Direct Exports to Manufacturing Output (%) 66.5 69.9 na
Direct Exports to Total Sales (%) 66.4 70.0 na

Indices of Unit Business Cost and Industrial Production (Annual Percentage Change)

Unit Business Cost Index of Manufacturing (2015 = 100) Index of Industrial Production (2015 = 100)
4
3.1% 12
Unit Labour
Cost
2 10.4%
10
Total
0 Unit Non-
0 -0.1% Labour 8
Production
Taxes 7.0% Total
-2
Unit Services 6
Cost
-3.8%
-4
4

-6 2
-6.5%
-7.1%
-7.8% -7.4%
-8 0 0
-8.8%
-10 2017 2018 2017 2018

Singapore in Figures 2019

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7
 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

R&D Manpower, Expenditure and Output

R&D Manpower
Million R&D Expenditure
2017 49,297 Dollars
9,140 9,086

2016 49,964 7,078

2012 44,986

0 Number
R&D Output
Number
0
Patents Owned * Patents Applied Patents Awarded
2012 2016 2017

11,534
9,784

5,048
1,997 2,852
1,722 1,290
817 988
0
2012 2016 2017
* Data are as at end of period.

UTILITIES

Electricity Consumption, Water and Gas Sales

Electricity Consumption Potable Water Sales

2018 50,448.9
2018 495.5
2017 49,643.7
2017 499.4

2013 44,948.8 498.6

2013
0 Gigawatt Hours 0 Million Cubic Metres Per Year

Piped Gas 1 Liquefied Petroleum Gas

2018 1,764.3 90,026.1

2018

2017 1,756.0 2017 90,923.7

2013 1,662.7 2013 105,601.5

0 Million Units 0 Net Tonnes

1 One Unit is equivalent to one kilowatt hour.

Singapore in Figures 2019

15
 CONSTRUCTION AND REAL ESTATE
Residential Dwellings, 2018
0.8%
Total residential dwellings was 1,460,968 units. Others

72.3% 21.7% 5.1%

Condominium and Landed

HDB Flats Other Apartments Properties

Building Commencement
2013 2017 2018
Number of Units
Private Residential Properties 20,357 5,397 13,121
'000 Square Metres Gross
Commercial Developments
Office Space 80 223 318
Retail Space 155 97 66

Stock of Private Residential, Commercial and Industrial Properties *

2013 2017 2018
Number of Units
Private Residential Properties 289,370 364,295 369,991
Landed 71,049 72,761 73,139
Non-landed 218,321 291,534 296,852
'000 Square Metres Nett
Commercial Properties
Office Space 7,441 7,924 8,082
Retail Space 5,698 6,075 6,169
Industrial Properties
Multi-user Factory Space 9,357 11,079 11,326
Single-user Factory Space 22,239 24,569 24,576
Warehouse Space 7,736 10,433 10,679

Supply of Private Residential, Commercial and Industrial Properties in the Pipeline *

2013 2017 2018
Number of Units
Private Residential Properties 90,018 50,852 57,602
Landed 3,477 1,234 1,000
Non-landed 86,541 49,618 56,602
'000 Square Metres Gross
Commercial Properties
Office Space 1,123 785 857
Retail Space 1,002 555 453
Industrial Properties
Multi-user Factory Space na 1,337 1,700
Single-user Factory Space na 1,523 2,215
Warehouse Space 1,589 741 627
* Data are as at end of period.

Singapore in Figures 2019

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7
 SERVICES
Operating Receipts of the Services Industries

2012 2016 2017

Million Dollars Million Dollars Million Dollars
Wholesale Trade 2,174,790 2,192,518 2,675,927
Retail Trade 43,089 47,941 48,532
Transport & Storage Services 97,399 108,791 122,805
Accommodation and Food & Beverage Services 14,955 17,252 17,453
Information & Communications Services 44,360 65,100 75,870
Business Services 117,244 148,808 148,479
Recreation, Community & Personal Services 31,154 39,858 42,058

Total 2,522,991 2,620,268 3,131,124

Total

Annual Percentage Change in Indices of the Services Industries at Current Prices (2017=100)
Retail Sales Index Food & Beverage Services Index Domestic Wholesale Trade Index Foreign Wholesale Trade Index

14.5% 15.1% 14.3%

12.1%

1.8% 1.2%
0
-0.8% -0.5%

2017 2018

MERCHANDISE TRADE
Total Merchandise Trade
2013 2017 2018
Million Dollars
Total at Current Prices 1,011,078 967,102 1,055,859
Merchandise Exports 525,507 515,001 555,665
Domestic Exports 271,217 259,302 281,138
Oil 106,477 84,566 99,005
Non-Oil 164,740 174,736 182,133
Re-Exports 254,290 255,699 274,527
Merchandise Imports 485,571 452,102 500,194

Total at 2018 Prices 915,817 1,008,707 1,055,859

Merchandise Exports 481,086 533,082 555,665
Domestic Exports 239,293 278,330 281,138
Oil 79,333 103,838 99,005
Non-Oil 159,960 174,492 182,133
Re-Exports 241,793 254,752 274,527
Merchandise Imports 434,731 475,625 500,194

Singapore in Figures 2019

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7
 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Major Merchandise Export Markets, 2018

China 68.0

Hong Kong 65.7

Malaysia 60.6

EU 28 49.6

Indonesia 44.5

United States 41.3

Billion Dollars

Merchandise Imports
2013 2017 2018
Commodity Section
Million Dollars
Food 10,591 10,940 11,315
Beverages & Tobacco 4,490 4,735 5,116
Crude Materials 4,204 3,577 3,832
Mineral Fuels & Lubricants 146,281 99,861 118,709
Animal & Vegetable Oils 1,425 1,418 1,244
Chemicals & Chemical Products 31,886 36,993 40,685
Manufactured Goods 29,251 24,818 25,667
Machinery & Equipment 195,446 207,686 230,968
Electronics 119,543 129,724 137,162
Non-electronics 75,903 77,962 93,806
Miscellaneous Manufactures 35,966 38,438 39,727

Merchandise Exports
2013 2017 2018
Commodity Section
Million Dollars
Food 7,064 8,007 12,311
Beverages & Tobacco 4,619 5,197 5,386
Crude Materials 3,643 4,472 4,756
Mineral Fuels & Lubricants 124,962 90,182 103,266
Animal & Vegetable Oils 368 262 258
Chemicals & Chemical Products 63,521 70,220 79,626
Manufactured Goods 20,158 17,976 19,171
Machinery & Equipment 237,685 252,430 263,616
Electronics 161,592 169,606 169,356
Non-electronics 76,093 82,824 94,259
Miscellaneous Manufactures 40,526 45,846 47,853

Singapore in Figures 2019

18
7
 TRANSPORT AND
COMMUNICATIONS

Cargo Handled

Air Cargo Handled (‘000 tonnes) Sea Cargo Handled (‘000 tonnes)

Loaded Discharged
General Bulk

1,156 1,165
996 969 990
365,116 376,046 391,745
842
251,642 238,380
195,772

2013 2017 2018

2013 2017 2018

Container Throughput (‘000 TEUs)

2018 36,599

2017 33,667

2013 32,579

Postal Articles Handled and Telecommunications

2013 2017 2018
Postal Articles Handled (million) 1,998 1,720 1,599
Subscriptions* ('000)
Fixed Line 1,971 1,983 1,967
Residential 1,208 1,299 1,312
Corporate/ Business 763 684 654
Mobile Phone 8,421 8,463 8,389
2G 1,112 na na
3G 5,258 2,349 1,788
4G 2,051 6,114 6,602
Broadband 10,654 13,073 12,903
Residential Wired 1,295 1,343 1,366
Corporate Wired 98 127 123
Wireless ` 9,260 11,603 11,413
Total SMS Messages (million) 17,893 8,487 7,179
International Telephone Call Minutes (million) 14,490 21,242 22,919

* Data are as at end of period.

Singapore in Figures 2019

19
7
 TRANSPORT AND
COMMUNICATIONS

Motor Vehicle Population *

2013 2017 2018

Number
Motor Vehicle Population 974,170 961,842 957,006
Cars 607,292 546,706 551,575
Rental Cars 16,396 68,083 66,480
Taxis 27,695 23,140 20,581
Buses 17,509 19,285 19,379
Motorcycles & Scooters 144,934 141,916 137,480
Goods & Other Vehicles 160,344 162,712 161,511

Length of Public Paved Roads *

2018 9,405 Lane-Kilometres

; 2017 9,293 Lane-Kilometres
2013 9,178 Lane-Kilometres

* Data are as at end of period.

TOURISM
International Visitor Arrivals

2018 18.5

2017 17.4

2016 16.4

Arrivals
2015 15.2

2014 15.1

2013 15.6
Million

Gazetted Hotel Statistics

2013 2017 2018
Number of Gazetted Hotels 197 246 249
Available Room Nights ('000) 16,253.3 20,291.5 21,213.8
Standard Average Occupancy Rate (%) 85.1 84.5 86.2
Standard Average Room Rate ($) 239.6 215.1 218.6
Room Revenue ($ million) 3,313.6 3,697.2 3,998.3

Singapore in Figures 2019

20
 TOURISM

Outbound Departures of Singapore Residents by Mode of Transport

Air Sea Total = +

Air Sea

8,361,380 2018 2,016,949 10,378,329

8,100,687 2017 1,788,165 9,888,852

6,960,428 2013 1,686,638 8,647,066

Number Number

FINANCE
Money Supply *
2013 2017 2018
Million Dollars
Money Supply (M2) 495,907.8 580,066.5 602,433.0
Money Supply (M1) 154,597.3 183,699.3 184,488.5
Currency in Active Circulation 28,851.6 42,339.7 45,292.2
Demand Deposits 125,745.7 141,359.6 139,196.3
Quasi-Money 341,310.5 396,367.2 417,944.5
Fixed Deposits 171,989.3 186,964.2 208,787.2
Singapore Dollar Negotiable Certificates of Deposit 482.8 250.7 130.2
Savings & Other Deposits 168,838.4 209,152.3 209,027.1

* Data are as at end of period.

Exchange Rates (Average for the Year)

2013 2017 2018

S$ Per Unit of :
Australian Dollar 1.2107 1.0585 1.0084
Chinese Renminbi 0.2035 0.2043 0.2040
Euro 1.6621 1.5589 1.5931
Hong Kong Dollar 0.1613 0.1772 0.1721
Malaysian Ringgit 0.3973 0.3212 0.3343
Pound Sterling 1.9573 1.7782 1.8008
US Dollar 1.2513 1.3807 1.3491
S$ Per 100 Units of :
Indian Rupee 2.1448 2.1204 1.9745
Indonesian Rupiah 0.0120 0.0103 0.0095
Japanese Yen 1.2840 1.2313 1.2214
Korean Won 0.1144 0.1222 0.1226
New Taiwan Dollar 4.2155 4.5383 4.4751
Philippine Peso 2.9492 2.7396 2.5614
Thai Baht 4.0750 4.0695 4.1740

Singapore in Figures 2019

21
 FINANCE

Total Assets and Liabilities of Financial Institutions *

2013 2017 2018
Commercial Banks ($ million) 967,814.4 1,222,150.8 1,272,375.8
Merchant Banks ($ million) 84,944.9 102,821.7 93,125.6
Asian Currency Units (US$ million) 1,180,374.8 1,237,898.7 1,286,794.1

Loans and Advances of Domestic Banking Units to Non-Bank Customers *

2013 2017 2018
Million Dollars
Total 574,274.4 651,931.6 671,735.3
Loans to Businesses 349,231.0 389,648.1 405,488.9
Manufacturing 31,601.6 26,161.2 25,519.9
Building & Construction 1 91,274.7 120,390.1 135,417.5
General Commerce 75,888.3 68,487.8 65,666.3
Transport, Storage & Communication 17,162.7 22,140.6 24,365.9
Financial Institutions 76,387.4 98,865.6 98,999.7
Professional & Private Individuals 7,186.5 10,001.9 10,178.0
- Business Purposes
Consumer Loans 225,043.5 262,283.4 266,246.4
Housing & Bridging Loans 166,542.0 200,251.7 204,299.1
Professional & Private Individuals
Car Loans 10,693.3 8,412.5 8,873.8
Credit Cards 9,941.1 10,974.9 11,602.3
1 Includes loans to building and building co-operative societies, building developers and real estate agents.

Domestic Interest Rates *

2013 2017 2018
Per Cent Per Annum
Singapore Overnight Rate Average 0.0698 0.8605 1.7645
Prime Lending Rate 5.38 5.28 5.33
3-month Banks' Deposit Rate 0.14 0.14 0.17

Household Sector Balance Sheet *

Assets Net Worth Million Dollars

Million Dollars
2013 2017 2018
2013 2017 2018
Net Worth 1,436,925.2 1,749,493.3 1,846,603.8
Financial
Assets 888,547.3 1,178,627.7 1,228,458.4
Liabilities
Million Dollars

Residential 2013 2017 2018

Property 828,415.5 894,540.0 946,176.4
Assets Mortgages 205,385.2 242,490.7 246,503.1

Personal 74,652.4 81,183.6 81,527.9

Loans
Total Assets 1,716,962.8 2,073,167.7 2,174,634.8
Total Liabilities 280,037.6 323,674.4 328,031.0

* Data are as at end of period.

Singapore in Figures 2019

22
 GOVERNMENT FINANCE

Government Finance
FY2012 FY2016 FY2017
Million Dollars
Operating Revenue 1 55,814.5 68,964.4 75,815.7
Corporate Income Tax 12,821.3 13,602.2 14,944.0
Personal Income Tax 7,713.7 10,526.2 10,724.0
Withholding Tax 1,337.3 1,474.1 1,531.6
Statutory Boards' Contributions 539.1 775.4 4,865.8
Assets Taxes 3,768.3 4,359.5 4,439.7
Customs and Excise Taxes 2,141.7 2,730.0 3,132.9
Goods and Services Tax 9,038.0 11,078.3 10,959.5
Motor Vehicle Taxes 1,802.9 2,148.4 2,152.5
Betting Taxes 2,304.8 2,682.0 2,688.2
Stamp Duty 4,309.5 3,278.5 4,905.1
Other Taxes 4,341.8 6,044.5 6,019.3
Vehicle Quota Premiums 2,572.1 6,550.6 5,796.1
Fees and Charges (Excluding
2,707.7 3,208.9 3,279.1
Vehicle Quota Premiums)
Others 416.1 505.7 377.8
Total Expenditure 2 49,003.9 71,044.9 73,556.2
Social Development 21,877.4 33,839.4 36,468.1
Security & External Relations 15,397.4 19,541.0 20,462.5
Economic Development 9,824.8 15,300.5 13,871.9
Government Administration 1,904.4 2,363.9 2,753.8
Primary Surplus/Deficit 6,810.6 -2,080.4 2,259.4
Special Transfers 8,859.5 6,372.3 6,122.4
Special Transfers Excluding Top-ups to
1,457.5 2,772.3 2,112.4
Endowment and Trust Funds
Basic Surplus/Deficit 5,353.0 -4,852.7 147.0
Top-ups to Endowment and Trust Funds 7,402.0 3,600.0 4,010.0
Net Investment Returns Contribution 7,870.1 14,577.5 14,723.9
Overall Budget Surplus/Deficit 5,821.1 6,124.8 10,861.0

Note : Data refer to financial year which begins in April of the current year and ends in March of the following year.
1 Excludes the repayment of loans and advances, interest income, investment income and capital receipts.

2 Comprises Operating Expenditure and Development Expenditure. Development Expenditure excludes loans to statutory boards, industrial and

commercial enterprises and land-related expenditure items.

Singapore in Figures 2019 23

 PRICES

Annual Percentage Change of Consumer Price Index (2014 = 100)

All Items
… at Division Level

2017 2018
0.6% 0.4%
2017 2018 Food 1.4% 1.4%

- All Items less

Imputed Rentals on
Clothing & Footwear 0.6% 1.4%

Owner-Occupied Housing & Utilities

Accommodation -2.5% -1.3%

Household Durables
1.7% 1.3% 1.1% 0.8%
& Services
2017 2018

- All Items less

Health Care

Transport
2.5% 2.0%

Accommodation 2.6% -0.5%

1.8% 1.4% Communication

0.6% -1.0%
2017 2018
Recreation & Culture
0.3% 1.2%
MAS Core
Inflation Measure Education
3.0% 2.9%
Measure
1.5% 1.7% Miscellaneous Goods
2017 2018 & Services 0.1% 1.0%

Consumer Price Index for Households in Different Income Groups, 2018 (2014 = 100)
General Lowest Middle Highest
Households 20% 60% 20%
Annual Percentage Change
All Items 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.5
Food 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5
Clothing & Footwear 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3
Housing & Utilities -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.1
Household Durables & Services 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.9
Health Care 2.0 2.4 2.1 1.8
Transport -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3
Communication -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0
Recreation & Culture 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3
Education 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.8
Miscellaneous Goods & Services 1.0 2.6 1.4 0.1
All Items less Imputed Rentals on 1.3 1.8 1.3 1.1
Owner-Occupied Accommodation

Singapore in Figures 2019

24
 PRICES

Annual Percentage Change of Producer and International Trade Price Indices (2018 = 100)
Producer Price Indices International Trade Price Indices
Domestic Supply Singapore Manufactured Import Price Export Price
Price Index Products Price Index Index Index
7.0% 6.4% 5.8% 4.9%
3.8% 4.4%
2.9% 3.2%

2017 2018

Property Price Index *

2017 2018
Annual Percentage Change
Residential (1st Quarter 2009 = 100)
Private Residential Properties 1.1 7.9
Housing & Development Board Resale Flats -1.5 -0.9
Commercial (4th Quarter 1998 = 100)
Office Space -2.4 5.7
Retail Space -8.8 0.6
Industrial (4th Quarter 2012 = 100) -2.8 -0.3

* Data are as at end of period.

CONSUMER DURABLES
Ownership/Availability of Household Consumer Durables/Services

35.3%
42.1%
Car 38.3%
97.0%
98.0%
Television 99.5%
53.6%
61.1%
Pay-TV Subscription 44.8%
79.7%
76.1%
Air-Conditioner 74.7%
96.1%
95.8%
Washing Machine 94.7%
19.2%
13.3%
Clothes Dryer 10.5%
78.2%
Residential 82.2%
Telephone Line 88.3%
98.0%
97.0%
Mobile Phone 94.5%
81.4%
82.7% 2017/18
Personal Computer 77.0% 2012/13
87.3% 2007/08
Internet Subscription/
78.0%
Access
70.0%
Per Cent of
Households

Singapore in Figures 2019

25
 EDUCATION

Government Recurrent Expenditure on Education Per Student

FY2013 FY2017 FY2018
Dollars
Primary Schools 8,549 11,338 12,020
Secondary Schools 11,434 14,527 15,518
Junior Colleges 13,942 17,440 17,702
Institute of Technical Education 12,491 14,582 14,743
Polytechnics 15,304 16,561 16,408
Universities 21,870 21,624 22,192

Education Attainment ** of Residents Aged 25 Years & Over, 2018

Total 26.5% 17.8% 9.1% 15.1% 31.6%

25-39 Years 4.4% 9.4% 8.8% 22.8% 54.6%

40-54 Years 16.3% 19.2% 10.0% 17.8% 36.8%

55 Years & Over 51.2% 22.8% 8.5% 7.2% 10.3%

Post Diploma and

Below
Secondary Secondary Professional University
Secondary
(Non-Tertiary) Qualification

Mean Years of Schooling ** Among Residents Aged 25 Years & Over

Years Total Males Females

10.5 11.0 10.0 10.9 11.3 10.4 11.1 11.6 10.6

0
2013 2017 2018
** Data pertain to residents who are not attending educational institutions as full-time students.
The data include those who are upgrading their qualifications through part-time courses while working.

Literacy Rate of Residents Aged 15 Years & Over

98.9%
96.6%98.5%94.7% 97.2%98.8%95.7% 97.3% 95.9% Total Males Females

2013 2017 2018

Singapore in Figures 2019

26
 HEALTH

Hospital Beds & Admissions, Public Sector Outpatient Attendances and Day Surgeries
2013 2017 2018
Number
Hospital Beds
Acute Hospitals 1 8,939 10,340 10,826
Psychiatric Hospitals 2,010 1,950 1,950
Community Hospitals 852 1,663 1,778
Hospital Admissions
Acute Hospitals 1 474,193 568,117 584,819
Psychiatric Hospitals 8,110 9,316 9,215
Community Hospitals 8,702 16,355 17,908
Public Sector Outpatient Attendances
Specialist Outpatient Clinics 4,436,621 4,979,307 5,111,720
Accident & Emergency Departments 1,006,800 993,458 1,005,403
Polyclinics 4,623,623 5,925,787 6,323,814
Dental Clinics 943,971 1,061,516 1,078,037
Day Surgeries 262,381 339,933 351,536
1 Comprises both general hospitals and specialty centres (excluding Psychiatric Hospitals) with acute care inpatient facilities.

Registered Health Personnel

2013 2017 2018

Number

Doctors 10,953 13,386 13,766

Dentists 1,821 2,293 2,363

Pharmacists 2,376 3,047 3,216

Registered Nurses 27,556 32,672 33,614

Enrolled Nurses 8,273 8,631 8,394

Registered Midwives 246 137 117

Optometrists and Opticians 2,461 2,605 2,633

Occupational Therapists na 1,125 1,201

Physiotherapists na 1,814 1,967

Speech Therapists na 595 642

Traditional Chinese Medicine

2,629 2,952 3,004
(TCM) Physicians

Acupuncturists 244 254 252

Singapore in Figures 2019

27
 HEALTH

Life Expectancy at Birth

Residents Males Females

Years
78.0 76.0 80.0 81.7 79.2 84.0 83.2 80.9 85.4 83.2 81.0 85.4
75.3 73.1 77.6

1990 2000 2010 2017 2018

Major Causes of Death, 2018

28.8% 23.2% 20.6% 6.0% 21.4%

Cancer Heart and
(Malignant Neoplasms) Hypertensive Diseases Pneumonia Others

Cerebrovascular
Disease

ENVIRONMENT
Air Quality 1

2013 2017 2018

Per Cent
Days with 'Good' and 'Moderate' 96.0 99.5 100.0
Air Quality

Days with 'Unhealthy' 2.0 0.5 0.0

Air Quality

Days with 'Very Unhealthy' and 2.0 0.0 0.0

'Hazardous' Air Quality

1 Measured by Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) which includes Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5),
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Ozone (O3).

Singapore in Figures 2019

28
 CULTURE AND RECREATION

Pay TV Subscribers and Cinema Attendances *

2013 2017 2018
Pay TV Subscribers ('000) 951 845 790
Cinemas (number of screens) 218 257 276
Seating Capacity ('000) 38 40 41
Attendances ('000) 22,090 19,400 19,600

National Library Membership, Physical Collections and Loan of Physical Library Materials

2013 2017 2018

Million

Membership 2.2 2.4 2.5

Total Physical Collections 8.1 7.5 8.8

Loan of Physical Library Materials 35.5 29.3 33.6

The Arts
2012 2016 2017
Performing Arts
Ticketed Performances (number) 3,497 3,430 3,186
Ticketed Attendances ('000) 2,062.1 1,812.7 1,911.3
Visual Arts Exhibitions (number) 675 1,114 1,077

Utilisation of Sports Facilities

2013 2017 2018
Number
Attendances
Swimming Pool 6,724,546 7,062,603 6,505,288
Gymnasium 2,523,844 2,477,814 2,430,080
Bookings
Badminton 526,660 727,432 774,505
Tennis 133,227 156,807 163,163
Table-tennis 84,104 120,260 130,232
Squash 37,610 54,591 52,896
Basketball 39,362 48,016 16,555
* Data are as at end of period.

Daily Newspaper Circulation

Number

1,448,915
1,098,138
709,666

2013 2017 2018

Singapore in Figures 2019

29
 SOURCES

SOURCES OF DATA
Most of the data series in this publication are compiled by the Singapore Department of Statistics.
A number of key indicators are obtained or computed by the Department based on basic data provided
by departments and research and statistics units in various ministries and statutory boards.

Subject Matter Sources of Data

Land Area Singapore Land Authority

Labour Force Ministry of Manpower

Business Entitities Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority
Manufacturing Economic Development Board
Research and Development Agency for Science, Technology and Research

Energy Market Authority

Utilities
Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources

JTC Corporation
Construction and Real Estate
Urban Redevelopment Authority

Merchandise Trade Enterprise Singapore

Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore
Transport Land Transport Authority
Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore

Communications Info-communications Media Development

Authority of Singapore
Immigration & Checkpoints Authority
Tourism
Singapore Tourism Board

Finance Monetary Authority of Singapore

Government Finance Accountant-General’s Department

JTC Corporation
Prices
Urban Redevelopment Authority
Education Ministry of Education
Immigration & Checkpoints Authority
Health
Ministry of Health
Environment National Environment Agency
Info-communications Media Development
Authority of Singapore
National Arts Council
National Heritage Board
Culture and Recreation
National Library Board
People’s Association
Sport Singapore

Singapore in Figures 2019

 Notes and Notation
Figures may not add up to the totals due to rounding. Some figures, particularly those for the most
recent time periods, are provisional and may be subject to revision.
na not available
- nil or negligible
$ Singapore Dollars (unless otherwise stated)

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Singapore in Figures 2019