ESCUELA POLITÉCNICA NACIONAL

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA

GESTIÓN DE LA CALIDAD

Nombre: Constantine Franco Habana Nicole

GR: 2

Ejercicios
4.14 Based on historical data, it is estimated that 12% of new products will obtain a
profitable market share. However, if two products are newly introduced in the same
year, there is only a 5% chance of both products becoming profitable. A company is
planning to market two new products, 1 and 2, this coming year. What is the
probability of
(a) only product 1 becoming profitable?
𝑷 = (𝑎 ∗ 𝑏𝑐)
Donde:
a: producto 1
b: producto 2
𝑃 = 𝑃(𝑎) − 𝑃(𝑎 ∗ 𝑏)
𝑃 = 0.12 − 0.05 = 0.07
(b) only product 2 becoming profitable?
𝑷 = (𝑏 ∗ 𝑎𝑐)
𝑃 = 𝑃(𝑏) − 𝑃(𝑎 ∗ 𝑏)

𝑃 = 0.12 − 0.05 = 0.07

(c) at least one of the products becoming profitable?
𝑷 = (𝑎 ∪ 𝑏)
𝑃 = 𝑃(𝑎) + 𝑃(𝑏) − 𝑃(𝑎 ∗ 𝑏)

𝑃 = 0.12 + 0.12 − 0.05 = 0.19

(d) neither product becoming profitable?
𝑷 = (𝑎𝑐 ∩ 𝑏𝑐)
𝑃 = 1 − 𝑃(𝑎 ∪ 𝑏)
𝑃 = 1 − 0.19 = 0.81
(e) either product 1 or product 2 (but not both) becoming profitable?
𝑃(𝑏 ∗ 𝑎𝑐) + 𝑃(𝑎 ∗ 𝑏𝑐) = 𝑃(𝑎 ∪ 𝑏) − 𝑃(𝑎 ∗ 𝑏)
 𝑷 = 0.19 − 0.05 = 0.14
(f) product 2 becoming profitable if product 1 is found to be profitable?

𝑃(𝑏 ∗ 𝑎)/ 𝑃(𝑎 ) = 0.05/0.12

𝑷 = 0.417
4.17 The following times (in minutes) to process hot-rolled steel are observed for a
random sample of size 10:
5:4 6:2 7:9 4:8 7:5
6:2 5:5 4:5 7:2 6:2
(a) Find the mean, median, and mode of the processing times. Interpret the
differences between them.

(b) Compute the range, variance, and standard deviation of the processing times
and interpret them.
Rango

𝑅 = 𝑥𝑚á𝑥 − 𝑥𝑚í𝑛

𝑅 = 7.9 − 4.5
𝑅 = 3.4
Varianza
∑(𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥̅ )2
𝑆2 =
𝑛−1
∑(𝑥𝑖 − 6.14)2
𝑆2 =
10 − 1
𝑆2 = 1.28
Desviación estándar
 ∑(𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥̅ )2
𝑆=√
𝑛−1
𝑆 = √1.28
𝑆 = 1.13
4.22 A process is known to produce 5% nonconforming items. A sample of 40 items
is selected from the process.
(a) What is the distribution of the nonconforming items in the sample?
Distribución

𝐵(𝑛, 𝑝) ⟹ 𝐵(40, 0.05)

5
𝑝= = 0.05
100

(b) Compare the answers to parts (b) and (c). What are your observations?
Se puede observar que existe una desigualdad entre la respuesta b y c ya que mientras
la distribución es la apropiada, el valor obtenido por la distribución de Poisson para
obtener un valor menor el n tendría que ser mucho más grande.
4.28 The outside diameter of a part used in a gear assembly is known to be normally
distributed with a mean of 40 mm and standard deviation of 2.5 mm. The
specifications on the diameter are (36, 45), which means that part diameters between
36 and 45 mm are considered acceptable. The unit cost of rework is $0.20, while the
unit cost of scrap is $0.50. If the daily production rate is 2000, what is the expected
total daily cost of rework and scrap?
 𝐶𝑐ℎ = 2000 ∗ (0.055 ∗ 0.5)
𝐶𝑐ℎ = 54.80 𝑈𝑆𝐷
Costo diario retrabajo (Crt)

𝐶𝑟𝑡 = 2000 ∗ (0.023 ∗ 0.20)

𝐶𝑟𝑡 = 9.12 𝑈𝑆𝐷
Costo diario total (retrabajo+chatarra) (Ct)

𝐶𝑡 = 𝐶𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑟𝑡
𝐶𝑟𝑡 = 54.80 + 9.12
𝐶𝑟𝑡 = 63.92 𝑈𝑆
4.37 The diameter of bearingsis known to have a mean of 35 mm with a standard
deviation of 0.5 mm. A random sample of 36 bearings is selected. What is the
probability that the average diameter of these selected bearings will be between
34.95 and 35.18 mm?
𝜎
𝜎𝑥̅ =
√𝑛
0.5
𝜎𝑥̅ = = 0.083
√36
Para

𝑃(34.95 < 𝑥 < 35.18)

34.95 − 35
𝑧1 = = −0.6
0.083
35.18 − 35
𝑧2 = = 2.17
0.083
Probabilidad

𝑃 = 0.985 − 0.27 = 0.715

Bibliografía
Mitra, A. (2016).Fundamentals of Quality Control and Improvement, 4thEdition.John Wiley &
Sons.