Yss Tool Steels D PDF

General Catalog of
TOOL STEELS
Cold Work Tool Steels
Cold Work Tool Steel

SLD-MAGIC
Hot Work Tool Steels
Die Steels For Die Casting

DAC Series
Plastic Mold Steels

HI-PM Series
Plastic Mold Steel

CENA1
High Speed Tool Steels

Cold Work Tool Steels
YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
Types of YSS cold work tool steels

Grade Chemical composition（％）
Color JIS equivalent AISI DIN WNr. C Si Mn Cr W Mo V Co Others

Free-cutting
SLD-MAGIC Original steel High-performance cold work tool steel elements added
SLD SKD11 D2 1.2379 １．

５０．
３０．
４１２．
０ ― ０．
９０．
３ ―
SLD10 8% Cr steel １．
０１．
００．
４７．
５ ― ２．
８０．
４ ―
Cold work tool steels
ARK1 Original steel 0.7 0.3 ０．

４７．
５ ― １．
００．
３ ― S：0.05
SGT SKS3 O1 1.2510 １．

００．
３１．
００．
７０．
７ ― ― ―
YCS3 SKS93 W5 １．
００．
４０．
９０．
４ ― ― ― ―
ACD37 Original steel A4 ０．

９０．
３２．
０１．
１ ― １．
３ ― ―
HMD5 Original steel ０．

７１．
０１．
０１．
２ ― ０．
２ ― ―
HI-PM MAGIC Original steel 40HRC pre-hardened steel
YXM1 SKH51 M2 1.3343 ０．

９０．
３０．
４４．
２６．
５５．
０２．
０ ―
High speed tool steels
YXM4 SKH55 1.3243 ０．

９０．
３０．
３４．
２６．
５５．3 1．9 5．
０
YXR7 ０．
８０．
８０．
３４．
７１．
３５．
５１．
３ ―
Matrix high
YXR3 speed steel
０．
６１．
５０．
４４．
３ ― ２．
９１．
８ ―
YXR33 ０．
５０．
２０．
５４．
２１．
６２．
０１．
２ ―
P/M High speed tool steels
HAP5R ０．
９０．
８０．
３４．
３２．
０３．
０３．
０ ―
P/M high
speed steel
HAP10 M3：2 １．
４０．
６０．
３５．
０３．
０６．
０３．
８ ―
HAP40 SKH40 1.3244 １．

３０．
３０．
４４．
２６．
０５．
０３．
１８．
０
HAP72 P/M high

speed steel ２．
１０．
４０．
３４．
２９．
５８．
３５．
０９．
５
Applications in cold work dies

Recommended YSS steel
Standard
Application hardness For mass production use
(HRC) For general use
For abrasion resistance For impact resistance
Blanking dies (small, progressive) 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R
Cold press die
For general sheet use 55-60 HMD5 SLD, SLD-MAGIC ARK1

Blanking dies
For general heavy plate use 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R
For general sheet use 58-62 SLD SLD-MAGIC ARK1
Bending and Swaging dies
For general heavy plate use 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC HAP40 YXM1
58-63 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP40, YXM4 YXR7, YXR3, HAP10
Cold foging dies
Male die
Foging dies
Female die 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP10 YXR7, YXR3, HAP5R
Male die 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC HAP40, YXM4 YXM1, YXR7, YXR3
Heading dies
Female die 55-60 YSM SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, YXR7, YXR3
Thread forming dies 58-64 SLD YXR7, YXM1, SLD10
Cold working rolls ≥80HS SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP40
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 2
Types of YSS cold work tool steels

Grade
Characteristics Main Application
High-performance cold work tool steel attaining both Cold work dies for high-tensile steels, SUS, mass
SLD-MAGIC extended die life and easy die fabrication. production, and general use.
Cold work die steel with high abrasion resistance for general
SLD use, excellent harden-ability and minimal quench stress. Cold work dies for general use, forming roll, shear blade.
SLD10 Extreamly high hardness with excellent toughness in die

steels, 62-64HRC. Rolling dies.
ARK1 Cold work die steel with high toughness and improved Dies for printed circuit board, die plates, stripper plates.
machinability.
Cold work die steel with superior machinability for general use;
SGT Special care is required for quenching large-size dies or wire Dies for deep drawing, gauges.
electric discharge machining.
YCS3 Carbon tool steel for small production to be quenched in oil.

Press forming dies, jigs and tools, gauges.
Improved SK105 grade for its hardenabillty.
Vacuum quenched and air quenched steel. Improved SGT grade
ACD37 for its hardenability and wire electric discharge machinability. Dies for deep drawing, gauges.
Steel for flame hardening, resulting in high hardness and

HMD5 small strain even with air quenched; good weldability. Dies for deep drawing.
HI-PM MAGIC 40HRC pre-hardened steel. Press forming dies for small production, jigs and tools.
High speed steel with high abrasion resistance and

YXM1 toughness for general use. Cold forging dies, cold heading dies, slitter.
High speed steel to prevent from abrasion, seizure and

YXM4 deformation under high pressure
Cold forging dies, drawing dies.
Matrix high speed steel, extremely highest toughness in Rolling dies, cold forging dies, roll, cold forging panches,
YXR7 62-65HRC. Available for vacuum quenching. blanking panches.
YXR3 Matrix high speed steel for general use, extremely highest Dies to be used for cracking or chipping resistance.
toughness in 58-61HRC.
YXR33 Matrix high speed steel highest toughness in high speed Cold forging dies, warm forging dies.
steels. Standard hardness 54-58HRC.
HAP5R Extremely tough Powder Metallurgy process high speed steel. Cold forging dies, fine blanking dies.
HAP10 Extremely tough Powder Metallurgy process high speed steel. Cold forging dies, fine blanking dies.
HAP40 P/M high speed steel with high abrasion resistance and Press forming dies for mass production, roll.
toughness for general use.
P/M high speed steel with high hardness and highest Cold plastic working dies of long life, high performanced IC
HAP72 abrasion resistance. molds.
Applications in cold work dies

Standard
Application hardness For mass production use
(HRC) For general use
For sheet use 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40 YXR3, YXR7
For plastic forming
Trimming dies
For heavy plate use 50-55 DAC, DM
Cold hobbing dies 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1
Drawing dies 57-62 SLD, YXM1 HAP40
For sheet service 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, YXR7 YXR3
Shearing blade
(straight tooth)
For medium plate 53-58 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1, ACD8 YXR33
Machine cutter
For heavy plate 48-53 DM, ACD8

Rotary shear slitters 54-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40
Thicknesses 50mm and under 50-55 DM, ACD8
Billet shear
Thicknesses over 50mm 48-53 DAC, DM, ACD8
Gauges 60-64 SGT, ACD37, YCS3
Characteristics of YSS cold work tool steels

Characteristics of steels
HAP72
: Standard steel (JIS equivalent)
: Original steel
P/M high speed steel
YXM4 HAP40
Wear resistance, Strength　
Wear resistance HAP10

YXM1
Toughness
HAP5R
YXR7
SLD-MAGIC Matrix high speed steel
SLD
Excellent machinability YXR3
Toughness
Air hardening steel ARK1
ACD37
YXR33
SGT
HMD5
Flame hardening steel
For small production 40HRC pre-hardened steel
YCS3
HI-PM MAGIC
Toughness
Comparison of characteristics
Distortion by Standard
Wear Pressure
Grade Toughness Hardenability heat Machinability Weldability hardness
resistance resistance treatment (HRC)
SLD-MAGIC A A A－ A＋ A＋ A－ B 58 - 62
SLD A A B A ＋
A ＋
B C 57 - 63
SLD10 A－ A A－ A＋ A B－ C 59 - 65
ARK1 B ＋
A A A ＋
A A－ B 58 - 60
SGT C B＋
B C D A B 57 - 63
YCS3 D C C D D A＋ B 57 - 63
ACD37 B A－
B A ＋
A A B 55 - 60
HMD5 C B B ─ ─ A A 55 - 60
HI-PM MAGIC D －
D A＋＋
─ ─ A －
A＋
40
YXM1 A A＋ A－ B B B C 58 - 64
YXM4 A＋＋ A＋ B B B B－ C 62 - 66
YXR7 A A＋
A A B B C 61 - 65
YXR3 A－ A A＋ B B B＋ C＋ 58 - 61
YXR33 B B＋
A＋＋
A B B ＋
C ＋
54 - 58
HAP5R A A A＋ A A B C 58 - 62
HAP10 A ＋
A＋
A A A B －
C 62 - 65
HAP40 A＋＋ A＋＋ A－ B A C＋ C 64 - 67
HAP72 A ＋＋＋
A＋＋＋
C A －
A C －
D 68 - 71
(A is the uppermost level and + indicates higher performance)

Wear resistance
Hardness Specific abrasion volume（mm3/mm2・mm）×10-7
Grade
(HRC) 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
SLD-MAGIC 62.0
SLD 60.0
ARK1 59.0
SGT 60.0
YCS3 60.0
ACD37 60.0
YXM1 65.5
YXM4 66.0
YXR7 65.0
YXR3 59.0
YXR33 58.0
HAP5R 60.0
HAP10 64.0 Ohgoshi-method wear test
Work material : SCM415
HAP40 67.0 Friction distance : 400m
Friction speed : 0.76m/s
HAP72 70.0 Load : 67N
Toughness
(N/mm2) (kgf/mm2)
Bending strength
6,000 YXR3
600
ARK1 YXR7
HAP10
5,000 500
YXM1
HAP5R
Bending Strength
4,000 HAP40
YXM4 400
SLD-MAGIC SLD
3,000 HAP72
SGT V60 300
V50
Cemented V40
2,000 200
carbide
1,000 100
56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72
Hardness
（HRC）
(J/cm2) (kgf-m/cm2)
Charpy impact value 200 20
YXR33
150 15
10mm R-notch Charpy impact value
YXR3 HAP5R
100 10
ARK1
60 6
HA
P1
SLD-MAGIC 0
40 HAP40 YX 4
R7
SLD YXM
1
YXM4 2
20 HAP7
2
0 0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70
Hardness
（HRC）

Compressive strength Tensile strength
（N/mm2）（kgf/mm2）（N/mm2）（kgf/mm2）

5,000 2,600
260
500
2,400
240
2,200
YXM1 220
SLD
SLD 2,000
Compressive Tensile 200
4,000
strength 400 strength
1,800
180
SLD 1,600
Compressive strength
160
Tensile strength
1,400 0.2％Proof 140
stress
3,000 0.2％Proof
stress
XVC5 300
1,200 120
HAP40
YXM4
1,000 100
SLD
SLD
SLD520○） YXM1
0.02％Proof 800 80
stress
2,000 YXR7 0.02％Proof
200 600 stress 60
YXR3
400 40
200 20
1,000 100 0 0
56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Hardness（HRC） Hardness（HRC）
Fatigue strength
（N/mm2）
1,400
HAP5R
（62HRC）
1,200
HAP10
（65HRC）
YXR33（58HRC）
Stress
1,000
YXR7
（62HRC）
800
SLD（58HRC） SLD-MAGIC
（61HRC）
YXM1（65HRC）
Rotating bending fatigue test
600
104 105 106 107
Number of test cycle
Physical properties
Thermal expansion coefficient Thermal conductivity Young’s modulus
Grade
×10−6/℃ 20 - 200℃ （m・K）20℃
W/ GPa
SLD-MAGIC 12.2 16.5 209

SLD 11.2 20.6 211
SGT 13.6 23.3 201
YCS3 14.3 25.9 207
YXM1 11.2 21.0 216
YXR3 11.3 18.7 212
HAP40 10.3 19.3 227
Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels

Hardening
* Please refer to the standard heat-treatment condition of each grade for hardening and quenching condition.
Alloy tool steels, Carbon tool steels High speed tool steels
Quenching temperature Quenching temperature
750 - 800℃ 850℃
Holding time Holding time

500 - 600℃ T 500 - 600℃ T
450 - 550℃ Slow cooling
Refer to Refer to (Y×R: rapid cooling)
T×2 T×1 the table 30min/25mm T×2 the table 30min/25mm Tempering
About 80˚C
First Second Austenitization First Second Austenitization
pre-heating pre-heating pre-heating pre-heating
Holding time at austenitizing temperature Holding time at austenitizing temperature

Thickness
Thickness Heating
(mm)
≦15 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 300 furnace
(mm) 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Time
Holding time (sec) 60 90 160 240 280 350 390 420 440 495
Holding time 15 25 40 50 60 65 70 80 100 Salt bath
(min) Magnification
(Holding time/Thickness) ×12 ×9 ×8 ×8 ×7 ×7 ×6.5 ×6 ×5.5 ×5.5
Note: If you take preheating time, dipping time can be regarded as holding time.
Tempering
Tempering temperature Note1: This standard is applicable to tempering at 500ºC or more. When tempering at 250-500ºC, holding time
must be increased to 1.5 times longer and at lower than 250ºC, 2 times longer than the standard.
Note2: Tempering is required no less than two times for grades containing no cobalt and at least three times for
grades containing cobalt to improve toughness when high temperature tempering is done.
T Note3: Because toughness deteriorates, tempering higher than 600ºC must avoid for high-speed tool steels.
Refer to the table
Thickness (mm) ≦25 26 - 35 36 - 64 65 - 84 85 - 124 125 - 174 175 - 249 250 - 349 350 - 499
Holding time for tempering (h) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Annealing
1. All material is delivered as spheroidized annealed condition.

2. After reforging, spheroidizing is to be done before hardening. Please refer to the standard heat treatment conditions.
3. Stress relief annealing is to be done to remove stress caused by cold working such as drawing and rolling and to soften
or reduce distortion caused by subsequent hardening.
• Heating temperature : 650-700℃
• Holding time : 1h/25mm thickness

Standard heat treatment conditions
Heating temperature
Grade Hardness as Tempered hardness
delivering Annealing
(HRC)
Hardening Tempering
SLD-MAGIC ≦255 1,010 -1,040　 Air cool 480 - 530 or 150 - 250 Air cool ≧60 830 - 880 Slow cooling
SLD ≦248 1,000 -1,050　 Air cool 480 - 530 or 150 - 200 Air cool ≧58 830 - 880　Slow cooling
≦248 1,020 -1,070　 Air cool 520 - 550　 Air cool ≧62
SLD10 830 - 880 Slow cooling
ARK1 ≦248 1,010 -1,040　 Air cool Air cool

480 - 530 or 150 - 250　 ≧58 830 - 880 Slow cooling
SGT ≦217 800 - 850　 Oil quench 150 - 200 Air cool ≧60 750 - 780 Slow cooling
YCS3 ≦212 790 - 850　 Oil quench 150 - 200　 Air cool ≧63 750 - 780 Slow cooling
ACD37 ≦235 830 - 870　 Air cool 150 - 200　 Air cool ≧58 750 - 800 Slow cooling
HMD5 ≦235 Flame hardening　940 - 1100℃ ─ 825 - 875 Slow cooling

1,200 -1,240　
（1）
YXM1 ≦255 Oil quench 550 - 570　 Air cool ≧63 800 - 880 Slow cooling
（2）
1,160 -1,200
1,230 -1,250
（1）
YXM4 ≦277 1,210 -1,230
（2）
Oil quench 560 - 580　 Air cool ≧64 800 - 880 Slow cooling
1,160 -1,180
（1）
YXR7 ≦241 1,120 -1,160
（2）
1,150 -1,170　
（1）
YXR3 ≦241 1,130 -1,150
（2）
YXR33 ≦241 1,080 -1,140　 Oil quench 550 - 600　 Air cool ≧54 800 - 880 Slow cooling
≦269 1,120 -1,160　 Oil quench 530 - 580　 Air cool ≧58 820 - 870 Slow cooling
HAP5R
（1）
1,170 -1,190
HAP10 ≦269 1,120 -1,170
（2）
1,190 -1,210　
（1）
HAP40 ≦277 1,120 -1,190
（2）
HAP72 ≦352 1,180 -1,210　 Oil quench 560 - 580　 Air cool ≧68 820 - 870 Slow cooling
(1) Simple shape tools

(2) Tools of complicated shape, requiring toughness in particular
* Specimen size is 15mm squire or round by 20 mm long in accordance with JIS standard hardness test.
Hardenability
The maximum diameter of a round bar
stock that obtains 60 HRC hardness at Half temperature time : Time required for cooling from quenching temperature to
its center by quenching. {(quenching temperature + room temperature) / 2}
70
Cooling
Air cool Oil quench 60
Grade YXR7
（1,180℃）
SGT
（850℃）
SLD-MAGIC φ170 φ550 50 YXM1
（1,180℃）
Hardness（HRC）
SLD φ170 φ550

ACD37 φ120 ─ 40
SLD
（1,025℃）
SGT φ８ φ70
YXM1 φ２０ φ180
30
YXR7 φ１７０ φ550
HAP10 ─ φ180
20
8φ※ 20φ※ 170φ※
70φ☆ 180φ☆ 550φ☆
10
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1,000
Half temperature time (min) 〔※：Air cool, ☆：Oil quench〕

Quenched and tempered hardness curves
SLD-MAGIC SLD SGT YCS3
70 70 70 70
1,050℃ Oil quench 820℃ Oil quench

65 65 1,050℃
1,030℃ 850℃
1,025℃
60 60 60 60
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
1,000℃ 800℃
55 55
825℃
1,010℃
50 50 50 50
45 45
40 40 40 40
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃）
YXM1 YXR7 YXR3 YXR33

68 68 66 62
1,240℃
1,180℃
1,220℃ 64 60
66 66 1,160℃
62 58 1,140℃
1,140℃
1,200℃
64 64 60 1,175℃ 56
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
1,150℃
1,125℃ 1,120℃
58 54
62 62 1,080℃
56 52
1,180℃ 1,120℃
60 60 54 50
1,160℃ 52 48
58 58
50 46
56 56 48 44
500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 500 550 600 700 500 550 600 650
HAP5R HAP10 HAP40 HAP72

68 70 70 72
1,200℃
1,180℃
66 68 1,180℃ 68 1,160℃
1,140℃ 70
1,160℃ 1,120℃ 1,160℃
1,140℃
64 66 66 1,180℃
1,160℃ 1,120℃
68
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
1,200℃
1,140℃
62 64 64 1,220℃
66
60 62 62
64
58 1,120℃ 60 60
62
56 58 58
54 56 56 60
500 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600

Dimensional change after heat treatment Dimensional changes after heat treatment
of cold dies steel
0.10
SLD longitudinal direction Radial direction
0.25
SLD-MAGIC longitudinal
0.05 direction Longitudinal direction
Dimensional changes rate (%)
Dimensional changes rate (%)

0.20
0.00
SLD-MAGIC width direction 0.15
－ 0.05
0.10
SLD width direction
－ 0.10 0.05
－ 0.15 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 SLD-MAGIC SLD SGT YCS3 YXM1 YXR3 HAP40
Specimen：50T×100W×200L
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice (℃).
Quenching
temperature 1,030℃ 1,030℃ 825℃ 800℃ 1,200℃ 1,150℃ 1,130℃
Rolling direction
200L Tempening 500℃ 510℃ 200℃ 200℃ 575℃ 570℃ 570℃
Quenching ：1030℃
temperature
Tempering ：2hr., twice
The retained austenite

30
YXM1 1260℃ quenching
Volume ratio of retained austenite (%)
25
SLD-MAGIC 1030℃ quenching
20
SLD 1030℃ quenching
15
10
SGT 825℃ oil quenching
5
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Tempering temperature, twice（℃）
Secular change and stabilizing treatment Secular change and sub-zero treatment
on cold work tool steel
0.10 0.10
Dimentional change ratio after 2 months from heat treatment (%)
Dimentional change ratio after 2 months from heat treatment (%)
Stabilizing：400℃×2hr. Stabilizing：400℃×2hr.
0.08 0.08
SLD Tempering only
Tempering only
0.06 0.06
Sub-zero treatment (−75ºC)
-tempering
SLD-MAGIC
0.04 0.04
Tempering only
0.02 0.02
0.00 0.00
SLD-MAGIC SLD Sub-zero treatment(−75ºC) -tempering+stabilizing
Tempering + stabilizing Tempering + stabilizing
－0.02 －0.02
460 480 500 520 540 460 480 500 520 540
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice（℃） Tempering temperature 2hr, twice（℃）
Improvement processes of YSS cold work tool steels in

terms of hardness and dies for various applications
Flowchart to improve die life of cold work tool steels
Countermeasure SLD-MAGIC YXM1 HAP40 HAP72

for wear （61～62）（62）（64）（68）
YXR7
（62） HAP10
Countermeasure for SLD-MAGIC （64） HAP40 HAP72
plastic deformation （61～62）（66）（68）
YXR7
YXM1 （64）
（62）
SLD
（60） In case sinking and wear
YXR3 YXR3 YXR33
resitance is not at issue
（60）（58）（58）
in mold life
Countermeasure
for crack YXR7
In case sinking and wear （60）
resistance is critical HAP5R
in mold life SLD-MAGIC （60）
（60）
SLD-MAGIC YXR3 YXR33 HAP5R

Low cycle
（60）（60）（57）（60）
Countermeasure
for fatigue failure
High cycle SLD-MAGIC YXR7 HAP40

（60）（62～64）（64）
Remark : (HRC: rough standard hardness)
Flowchart to reduce die cost of cold work tool steels

Reduction of SLD-MAGIC ARK1
machining cost （60）（59）
SLD
（60）
Reduction of heat SLD-MAGIC HMD5 HI-PM MAGIC

treatment cost （60）（60）（40）
Decrease of dimensional Flame hardening Pre-hardened

changes after heat treatment
Isotropy tool steels are so named becase the difference in

mechanical properties between its longitudinal (forging or rolling
direction) and transverse directions is reduced, thus overcoming
a weak point of ordinarily processed steels. This technological
concept, which is highly evaluated by users of tool steels, is
applied for the production of all our steels and contributes
significantly to stabilizing their characteristics and enhance their
service life.
High Quality
Cold Work Tool Steel
SLD-MAGIC
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
SLD-MAGIC is the high performance cold work die steel attaining both
improved mold lifespan and easy mold fabrication.
SLD-MAGIC Features
Wear resistance
High hardness of 62HRC improves wear resistance by approximately 35%*
Surface treatment
Adherence between the coating layer and steel after surface treatment (CVD and other methods) is
improved by approximately 30%*
Heat treatment
Minimal deformation during heat treatment for a reduction of approximately 40%* in dimensional changes
Machinability
Machinability improved by approximately 35%*
*Hitachi Metals comparison: Comparison against 8%Cr steel (Hitachi Metals product name:SLD 8), a modified steel of SKD11
Concept
Relationship
Good
SKD11 SLD-MAGIC
SLDTM
Wear resistance
8%Cr
Steel
10%Cr
Steel
ARK1
Machinability Good
Effect Comparison of Properties

Reduces reworking man-hours through minimal SLD-
Grade 8%Cr 10%Cr
heat and surface treatment deformations. MAGIC Steel Steel SKD11
Prevents scuffing of high-tensile steels during Hardness (HRC) 60-62 61-63 59-61 58-60
bending and drawing.
Wear resistance A B B A
Improve mold lifespan.
Shortens mold processing time via enhanced

Surface treatment** A C C B
machinability.
Toughness B B C C
Reduces direct purchasing cost by
+
improvement lifespan of cutting tool. Machinability B C B D
Dimensional change
by heat treatment A C C B
Weldability B B C C
Excellent “A” Poor “D”
**Surface treatment properties are based on adherence between the coating
layer and steel after surface treatment.
8%Cr steel and 10%Cr steel offer improved machinability for better processing
that reduces the volume of hard carbides within steel, but are inferior to SKD11
in terms of wear resistance and galling.
Wear resistance Ohgoshi-method wear test

Wear resistance
SLD-MAGIC increases wear resistance by is improved.
SLD-MAGIC 62HRC
approx. 35% compared with 8%Cr steel due
to the control of carbide morphology.
8%Cr steel 62.5HRC
10%Cr steel 60HRC
SKD11 60HRC
Work material: SCM415
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Friction distance: 400m
(mm3/mm2.mm) Friction speed: 0.76m/s
Specific wear volume Load: 67N
Scuffing resistance Scuffing Observation
SLD-MAGIC shows less scuffing on Mold surface Work Surface

Hat Testing simulating practical mold
wear phenomena.
SLD-MAGIC Less scuffing
SKD11
Scuffing
Scuffing Test Scuffing Test Conditions

Press : 80ton Cranck Press
Initiation point and Velocity V : 40-75spm(19.2-36m/min)
Bead direction of scuffing Holding Pressure Ps : -2.4ton/cm2
Length of Stroke : 60mm
Lubricant : Anti-rustoil applied and
wiped away
Observation Work : High-tensile-strength steel
direction (590MPa)
Punch Thickness 1.6mm (No plating)
Appearance of Die Surface Roughness of the mold:
work Sample Holding Polished by #1000 (Ra=0.04mm)
Pressure
Work
Schematic of test conditions
Toughness
10R-notched Charpy impact value
SLD-MAGIC is superior to SKD11 in toughness. Low temp.: 200ºC
It can be used as a countermeasure to chipping Low temp. Toughness High temp.: 510-520ºC
tempering is higher
and cracking with low temp. tempering. SLD-MAGIC High temp.
tempering
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
0 10 20 30 40
10R-notched Charpy impact value
(J/cm2)
Surface treatment Coating Layer by CVD method

SLD-MAGIC can be treated with hard
coating (CVD, TD treatment etc.) under
the same conditions as SKD11. Thickness : around 8μm
50μm
SLD-MAGIC shows improved adherence Adherence between the coating layer and steel after
between the coating layer and steel after 3-time CVD treatment.
3-time surface treatment by approx. 30% when Scratch test Index (SKD11=100)
compared with 8%Cr steel, due to optimum
SLD-MAGIC Improved adherence
alloy design.
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
60 70 80 90 100 110
Adherence Index
Fatigue strength Rotating bending fatigue test

(N/mm2)
SLD-MAGIC shows improved fatigue strength
1100
in comparison to SKD11 due to the control of
SLD-MAGIC
carbide morphologies. 1000 (61HRC)
900
Stress
8%Cr Steel
800 (62HRC)
700
SKD11
600 (60HRC)
500
103 104 105 106 107
Cycles
Physical Properties
20-100ºC 20-200ºC Thermal Room temperature
Thermal expansion
coefficient conductivity
×10-6/ ºC W/m·K
11.7 12.2 16.5
Annealed Quenched and

tempered Young's modulus
Specific gravity
GPa 209
7.77 7.76
Ac1 Ms temperature
Transformation
temperature
850ºC 166ºC
Heat Treatment
Standard Heat Treatment Conditions
It is possible to heat treat SLD-MAGIC Annealed Hardness
Hardness Hardening Tempering (HRC)
under the same conditions as SKD11.
480-530ºC
255HBW 1010 -1040ºC Air cooling or 60HRC
or under Air quenching 150-250ºC or over
Air cooling
Quenched and tempered hardness

(HRC)
It is possible to obtain maximum SLD-MAGIC
hardness (60-62HRC) with tempering at 66
SKD11
around 500ºC where dimensional change 64
is near to zero, achieving both high 62 8%Cr Steel
Hardness
hardness and less dimensional change.
60
58 10%Cr Steel
56
54
Quenching 1030ºC
52
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
(ºC)
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice
Dimensional change after heat treatment

(%)
Secular change of SLD-MAGIC after high
SKD11
temp. tempering is almost equivalent to
Dimensional change rate
10%Cr Steel
that of SKD11, and smaller than 8% Cr 0.10
steel. It is possible to reduce secular 8%Cr Steel
change via low temp. tempering, subzero SLD-MAGIC
0.05 *A
treatment or stabilizing*.
* Heat treatment process to add middle temp.
tempering after high temp. tempering for the 0
purpose of reducing seculer distortion. *A
Quenching 1030ºC *B
-0.05
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
(ºC)
*A: Minor dimensional change

*B: Minor dimensional change with maximum hardness
Secular change / Dimensional growth

Low temp. tempering
SLD-MAGIC
High temp. tempering
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
Size of test pieces: 45T × 90W × 200L

SKD11
Austenitizing: 1030ºC
Low temp. tempering: 180ºC × 2times
High temp. tempering: 520ºC × 2times -0.005 0 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
Measure: 200mm direction (%)
Dimensional change rate
Dimensional change after 6 months
posterior heat treatment
Heat Treatment The difference of quenching temperature

SLD-MAGIC shows stable both high (HRC)
Quenching temperature
hardness and very little dimentional 64
change at around 1020-1030˚C 62

hardening temperature. 1000℃
Hardness
60
58
1030℃
56
1050℃
54
52
50
As 100 200 300 400 500 600
quenched (˚C)
The subzero treatment and hardness

To add subzero treatment, SLD-MAGIC (HRC)
can achieve high hardness (62HRC) by 62
both high and low temp. tempering. To with subzero
combine subzero and stabilizing 60
Hardness
treatment is very effective for reducing

58
secular distortion. without subzero
56
54
Quenching 1030˚C ⇒ subzero -75˚C
52
250 300 350 400 450 500 550
(˚C)

SLD-MAGIC shows almost the same (%) 23
decomposition behavior of the retained 20
austenite, as that of conventional SKD11.

15
SLD-MAGIC
10
SKD11
5
8%Cr Steel
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
(˚C)
Heat Treatment
Secular change / Dimensional change
Small difference
SLD-MAGIC shows smaller in dimentional between L and W
change difference in the longitudinal, SLD-MAGIC
direction
width and thickness directions, compared
Upper L (Longitudinal)
to SKD11 or 8%Cr steels.
8%Cr Steel Lower W (Width)
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
-0.05 0 0.05 0.1

Dimensional change ratio (%)
Deviation comparison of dimensional changes of actual

mold after heat treatment.
SLD-MAGIC shows narrow deviation of
dimensional changes by heat treatment, as SLD-MAGIC SKD11
a result, the better dimensional tolerance Standard deviation : 0.021 Standard deviation : 0.042
Number of measurement : 70 Number of measurement : 70
can be attained. -0.1 -0.1
Wide deviation
Narrow deviation
by heat treatment (%)
Dimensional change
0 0
0.1 0.1
0 5 10 15 0 5 10 15
Frequency Frequency
Example of dimensional change for insert type mold.

For example, in case of separation type
Original Dimensional Dimensional Mold set up
molds, mold set up time was largely Grade Direction dimension change change ratio time
decreased because of narrow dimensional (mm) (mm) (%)
deviation.
W 295 -0.030 -0.010
54% reduction
SLD-MAGIC 46 of mold
ajusting time
L 250 +0.010 +0.004 after heat
treatment
W 295 -0.090 -0.031

SKD11 100(Index)
L 250 +0.130 +0.052
Width
Longitudinal
Machinability
SLD-MAGIC improves machinability on ø125 Face Mill
face mill by over twice that of SKD11 and Work: Annealed condition
Tool: Coated carbide chip,
by approx. 35% compared to 8%Cr SLD-MAGIC
Machinability
1chip only
is improved
steel. Cutting speed: 120m/min,
Dry
It also demonstrates superior Feed: 0.13mm/blade
8%Cr Steel
machinability using other tools. Depth of cut: 2Z × 90Wmm,
Cutting distance: 4m
Mold processing time is expected
shorten due to good machinability. 10%Cr Steel
The direct purchasing cost of tools is
expected reduce by improvement
SKD11
lifespan of cutting tools.
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Tool wear (mm)
End Mill
Work: Annealed condition
Tool: End mill ø8 (Co-HSS)
SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 30m/min, Down-
cut, Wet
Feed: 0.05mm/tooth
8%Cr Steel Depth of cut: 15Z × 0.5Wmm,
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

(mm)
Tool wear
Drill
Tool: Drill ø5 (Co-HSS)
SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 20m/min, Wet
Feed: 0.05mm/rev
Depth of hole: 25mm, 200Holes
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Tool wear (mm)
ø63 High feed cutter

Tool: Coated carbide chip
SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 150m/min, Dry
Feed: 1.3mm/tooth
Depth of cut: 1mm,
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0

Tool wear (mm)
Machinability
SLD-MAGIC can enhance tool lives
because of lower cutting tool
temperatures. Cutting tool temperature comparison
CEPR6080 (ultrafine particle WC) (ø8 × 6NT TiAIN)
200
Color of chips SKD11
180
Temperature at tool surface (ºC)

160
140 10%Cr steel

8%Cr steel
Gold
120
SLD-MAGIC
100
SLD-MAGIC 80
n=3981min-1(V=100m/min)
60
Ap=12mm Ae=0.4mm OH=25mm
40
Dry with Air Blow KITAMURA M/C 11kw
Blue 20
(Tempered
color)
0 1 2 3 4 (m)
SKD11 Cutting length
Grindability Grindability comparison as a function of

diffenent grinding wheels
Grindability of SLD-MAGIC is better than ①Grinding Test Conditions
a
those of SKD11 and 10%Cr steel, and • Work 50 × 90 × 200L
SLD-MAGIC b (Heat treated condition)
almost equivalleut to 8%Cr steel. c • Machine: Reciprocal Type
• Grinding Wheel
8%Cr Steel
②Grinding Conditions
• Wet Traverse Grinding
10%Cr Steel • Velocity of Wheel 33m/sec
Grinding Wheel • Table velocity 0.33m/sec
a: Alumina Single Crystal • Undercut 5μm/pass
b: Alumina
• Cross Field 5mm/lap
SKD11 c: Alumina + Other ceramics
• Spark out 1lap
• Total undercut 0.1mm
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ◇ Grinding ratio: Ground off
Grindability ratio amount/wear of wheel
◇ Grinding ratio is higher the
better
Application Examples
By achieving both improved mold lifespan and easy mold fabrication, SLD-MAGIC will contribute to reducing total cost
and shortening delivery times of the automobile and mold industries.
Present condition Evaluation

01 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC
Hardness 59-61HRC 60-62HRC

Bending die for Scuffing
automotive parts Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering
Inner parts
Surface treatment CVD (TiC) CVD (TiC)
Work 440MPa (t3.2)
Lifespan 1,300 pcs 156,000 pcs
Mold lifespan significantly
Cause Severe galling Less galling improved


Blanking die for
automotive parts Heat treatment 170ºC Tempering 170ºC Tempering
Function parts
Machinability Bad Good
Work 590MPa (t7.0) Chipping
Lifespan 15,000 pcs Max. 40,000 pcs carrying on Mold lifespan
more than doubles
Cause Severe chipping Less chipping

Hardness 58-60 HRC 58-60 HRC

Blanking die for
electrical Heat treatment 530ºC Tempering 530ºC Tempering
appliances Machinability Bad Good
Electrical appliances
Work Film Lifespan 650,000 pcs 1,020,000 pcs
Mold lifespan around 50% up
Cause Early wear out Less wear


Blanking die for
appliances Machinability Bad Good
Optical parts
Work SPCC (t0.8) Lifespan 100,000 pcs 100,000 pcs carrying on
Mold lifespan almost doubles
Cause Burr (Wear out) Reduce wear by half

05 Grade 8%Cr Steel SLD-MAGIC

Blanking die for
appliances Dimensional change within 0.05% -0.01-0.02%
Liquid crystal panel parts
Work SUS304 (t0.3) Lifespan 30,000 pcs 40,000 pcs carrying on
Mold lifespan around 30% up
Cause Burr (Wear out) Less wear
Note: The above-listed data is for application examples only and this data does not assure performance.
It is not suited for molds with EDM finished surface that require a high degree of mirror finish such as plastic molds.

06
Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC
Die for Hardness 56HRC 58HRC
hydroforming
Exhawst pipe Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering
Work Steel tube
Distortion by Very hard to adjusting the upper Reduction of adjusting time of Mold adjusting time is reduced
heat treatment and lower die blocks clue to the upper and the lower die because of small dimension
large dimensional changes blocks change of upper and lower die
Bad Improved. Adjusting is finished blocks by heat treatment
Machinability
only by one chip used.

Hardness 58~60HRC 60-62HRC
Die for cold press
Automobile parts High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering
Heat treatment Large dimensional Deviation is reduced to 1/2.
Work Hight-tensile change Ajusting time is reduced
-strength steel
Surface treatment TD TD
Ball End Miuing The number of exchanged chips is

Cause Exchanging chips quite reduced to 1/5-1/10 compared to SKD11. Small dimension deviation
offen Feed rate is increased to 1.7 times.

Die for cold press Hardness 58-60HRC 60-62HRC

Inner parts Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering
Work 440MPa (t2.3)
Surface treatment TD Dimensional Changes by TD is
within 5/100
Lifespan 5,500 pcs Continuing beyond 15,000 Mold Iifespan is improved
by almost 3 times.
Problem Scuffing


Inner parts Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering
Work 780MPa (t2.3)
Dimensional Changes
Surface treatment TD by TD is small
The life of chips used is 10 times Small dimension changes
Machinability Bad longer than SKD11 cases.
after TD treatment
Machinabiliry and
Problem dimension change


Insert blocks Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering
Deformation of All 26 pieces deformed Only 1 piece out of 26 pieces

datum plane over 0.02mm deformed 0.02mm. Adjustment time is reduced
because of redaced the number
Adjustment time 100 min. 0 min. of deformed blocks.
Note: The above-listed data is for application examples only and this data does not assure performance.
It is not suited for molds with EDM finished surface that require a high degree of mirror finish such as plastic molds.
Hot Work Tool Steels
YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
Chemical compositions of YSS hot work tool steels

Grade Chemical composition (%)
JIS equivalent C Si Mn Ni Cr W Mo V Others
DAC SKD61 0.4 1.0 0.4 － 5.2 － 1.3 0.9
DAC-MAGIC SKD61 modified Original steel
DAC10 SKD61 modified 0.3 0.3 0.6 － 5.2 － 2.7 0.9
DAC55 SKD61 modified 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.6 5.2 － 2.2 0.8
Other special
elements added
DAC3 SKD61 modified 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 5.1 － 1.6 0.7
DAC40 SKD7 modified 0.4 0.5 0.5 － 4.3 0.7 2.1 0.9
Other special
YEM-K SKD7 modified 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.9 3.4 － 2.5 0.6 elements added
MDC-K SKD8 modified 0.4 0.3 0.5 － 4.4 2.0 1.6 1.7 Other special
elements added
FDAC SKD61 free cutting 0.3 1.0 0.7 － 5.2 － 1.3 0.4 S：0.1
DM SKT4 0.5 0.3 0.9 1.8 1.3 － 0.4 0.2
YXR33 Matrix HSS 0.5 0.2 0.5 － 4.2 1.6 2.0 1.2
※Impurities such as P and S are controlled below the levels specified in JIS by using Hitachi Metals' own high-qualtity raw materials.
　 ●Toughness of Isoropy DAC
Isotropy tool steels are so named becase the

difference in mechanical properties between its
L
lo ngitu din al (fo r ging o r rolling dire c tio n) and
Index of 2mm U-notch Charpy I-Value
transverse directions is reduced, thus overcoming a T

1
weak point of ordinarily processed steels. This L
technological concept, which is highly evaluated by
users of tool steels, is applied for the production of
all ou r steels and cont ributes sig nifi cantly to
stabilizing their characteristics and enhance their T
0.5
service life.
Hardness：47HRC
　
L：Longitudinal direction
　
T：Transverse direction
Isotropy DAC SKD61
Applications of YSS hot work tool steels

Application Standard
hardness for general use for mass production use
ｆor Aluminium alloys DAC DAC-MAGIC, DAC10
41- 51HRC
ｆor Magnesium alloys （38 - 42HRC）
FDAC DAC55
ｆor die casting
ｆor Zinc alloys 41- 49HRC （38 - 42HRC）

DAC, FDAC
ｆor Copper alloys 41- 49HRC MDC-K
40 - 50HRC DAC −
Core pin for die casting
52 - 58HRC − YXR33
Sleeve Nitriding ＞64HRC DAC
Goose neck for Magnesium 35 - 45HRC AHD32
for Aluminium 45 - 49HRC DAC DAC3, DAC40
Dies
for Copper 45 - 49HRC DAC, MDC-K （56 - 60HS）
HRD10
for Aluminium 44 - 50HS DM DAC, DAC3
Container tyre
for Copper 44 - 50HS DM DAC
for Aluminium 60 - 65HS DAC DAC3
Outer sleeve
for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC YEM-K
for Aluminium 60 - 69HS DAC, DAC3 YEM-K
Inner sleeve (Liner) for pure Copper 46 - 60HS （46 - 51HS）
HRD20 （56 - 60HS）
HRD10
ｆor extrusion tool
for Brass 46 - 51HS HRD20

for Aluminium 60 - 65HS DAC （69 - 75HS）
DAC3、YAG300
Stem
for Copper 60 - 69HS DAC DAC3
Die holder
for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC, DAC3 （56 - 60HS）
HRD10
Die backer for Aluminium or copper 60 - 65HS DM, DAC DAC3
Mandrel
for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC YEM-K
Dummy block
for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC, DAC3 （56 - 60HS）
HRD10
Mandrel holder for Aluminium or copper 60 - 65HS DM, DAC DAC3
Bolster for Aluminium or copper 55 - 60HS DM, DAC DAC3
for small size dies 55 - 65HS
DAC, DAC3 YEM-K, MDC-K
ｆor press forging for middle size dies 52 - 62HS
for large size dies 46 - 56HS DAC DAC3
ｆor forging die
for small size dies 55 - 59HS

ｆor hammer forging for middle size dies 53 - 57HS DM
for large size dies 50 - 55HS
Warm forging dies 50 - 59HRC MDC-K YXR3, YXR33
Header dies* 1
45 - 49HRC YEM-K MDC-K
Upset tool 46 - 50HRC DAC YEM-K
Shear blade* 2
37 - 45HRC DAC, DM ─
Glass molds 28 - 45HS HI-PM38 ZHD11, SUS310S
Glass shear ＞80HS YXM1 ─
*1 Use for bolt hot forming
*2 Use for thick billet shearing
Types and features of YSS hot work tool steels

Grade
Features
JIS equivalent
Standard grade for general use with good balance of toughness, strength at
DAC SKD61
elevated temperature and with excellent hardenability.
High performance die steel for die casting with well balanced strength and
DAC-MAGIC SKD61 modified toughness and strength at elevated temperature. Excellent heat crack and stress
corrosion crack resistance.
Excellent heat crack and wear resistance at elevated temperature. Steel for
DAC10 SKD61 modified precision die casting and hot press die.
DAC55 SKD61 modified Die casting die steel with excellent heat crack resistance and toughness.
Hot work tool steel with higher toughness than DAC for Al extrusion dies with high
DAC3 SKD61 modified hardness or hot forging press dies with good crack resistance.
Al extrusion die steel with higher strength and better softening resistance at
DAC40 SKD7 modified
elevated temperature than DAC.
Hot work tool steel with higher toughness and strength at elevated temperature
YEM-K SKD7 modified
than SKD7 for forging die of mass production use such as hot former.
High strength hot work tool steel with higher toughness than SKD8 for high heat
MDC-K SKD8 modified
load applications such as Cu extrusion and Cu alloy die casting dies.
Free cutting hot work tool steel (supplied in prehardened condition) for dies of
FDAC SKD61free cutting
small production use or dies associated parts requiring good machinability.
Hot work tool steel with excellent toughness, used for hammer forging dies,
DM SKT4 Aluminium forge dies, forging bolsters and extrusion die backers, etc.
Matrix-type high speed steel with high toughness. Excellent strength and wear
YXR33 Matrix HSS resistance at elevated temperature and excellent erosion resistance. Steel for
warm and hot precision forging dies and insert pins for die casting.
Characteristics of YSS hot work tool steels

Characteristics of hot work tool steels
YXR33 Warm forging ： Standard steel (JIS equivalent)
： Original steel
MDC-K Precision hot forging

SKD8
high
SKD5
SKD4
YEM-K
Hot former
SKD7
DAC40
Strength at high temperature
DAC10 DAC-MAGIC
DAC55 Aluminium extrusion

Hot press/forging dies
Die casting DAC3
DAC
FDAC (SKD61)
Prehardened steel
DM Hammer forging,
(SKT4) Extrusion auxiliary tool
Toughness high
Comparison of properties
Strength at elevated
Grade Softening resistance Toughness Wear resistance Hardenability
temperature
DAC C C A C A
DAC-MAGIC B B A＋ B A
DAC10 B B A B A
－－－
DAC55 B B A ＋
B A
DAC3 C＋ C＋ A＋ C＋ A+
DAC40 B＋ B＋ B＋ B＋ B+
－－－－
YEM-K A A B A A
MDC-K A A C A B
FDAC C C C C ─
DM D D A＋＋ D B
YXR33 A＋ A＋ C A＋ B
Ratings: AーBest CーOrdinary DーPoor
(Remarks) Please use above ratings only for general reference.
Properties of YSS hot work steels

Work material flow direction
Hot forging die wear mechanism
Surface oxide film Loss by plastic flow
"microstructure" and influencing
White layer Crack opening Spalling off from
factors. re-hardened boundry layer
Re-hardend layer
（　　　）
Heat affected
Heated up above A1 layer
transformation point
Black layer
Lower hardness
layer
Progress of crack
into the inside Progress and confluence of cracks
Extent of impact on die damage

Properties Influencing factors
Sliding wear Softening to abration Minor crack → Catastrophic crack
Area ratio of carbides Slinding property of die surface (Friction property) ○
A1 point Anti-rehardenability ○ △
Strength at elevated temperature Deformation resistance ○ ○

Toughness Catastrophic crack resistance　 ○
DAC DAC3
48HRC Area ratio of carbides (%) 51HRC Area ratio of carbides (%)
4 4
High -temperature strength

3 3
2 2
1 1
A1 point 840 800 A1 point 840 800
（℃） 300 400 500 600
（℃） 300 400 500 600
20 20
40 Tensile strength 40 Tensile strength
60 at 700℃ (N/mm2) 60 at 700℃ (N/mm2)
80 80
100 100
(Index of charpy impact value) (Index of charpy impact value)
Toughness Toughness
YEM-K YXR33
50HRC Area ratio of carbides (%) 57HRC Area ratio of carbides (%)
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
A1 point 840 800 A1 point 840 800
（℃）（℃）
20 300 400 500 600 20 300 400 500 600
40 40
Tensile strength Tensile strength
60 at 700℃ (N/mm2) 60 at 700℃ (N/mm2)
80 80
100 100
(Index of charpy impact value) (Index of charpy impact value)
Toughness Toughness
Properties of YSS hot work steels

Tensile strength at elevated temperature Tempering parameter
2,400
2,200 YXR33
600 MDC-K
2,000 YEM-K
DAC（50HRC） DAC
1,800
DM
Tensile strength（N/mm2）
1,600 YXR33 500

（58HRC）
Hardness（HV）
1,400
YXR33
1,200 （55HRC）
DAC（44HRC） 400
1,000
DAC（40HRC） YEM-K
（44HRC）
800
600
300
400
P=T (20+log t) /103
200 T : Temperature（K）　
t : Time（h）　
0 200
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 17 18 19 20 21 22
Testing temperature（℃） Tempering parameter
Charpy impact value at room temperature Quenching speed vs charpy I-value

J/cm2
kgf・m/cm2
80
70 8
DAC-MAGIC
70 7
2mm U-notch Charpy impact value（J/cm2）
60 Oil quench Half temperature time

60
2mm U-notch Charpy impact value
6
15min
50
DAC3 30min
50 5
40 45min
60min
DAC 40 4
30
YEM-K 30 3
20
20 2
Quenching temperature： YXR33
10 1,020℃（YXR33；1,080℃）
Oil quench 10 1 Material：DAC
Quenching temperature：1,020℃
0 0 0
40 45 50 55 60 40 44 48 52
Half temperature time :Time required for cooling from quenching temperature
to (Quenching temperature + Room temperature)/2
Fatigue strength (Rotating bending fatigue test by

Transition property of charpy impact value Ono method)
N/mm2
J/cm2 kgf-m/cm2 800 kgf/mm2
80
80 Quenching temperature：1,020℃×30min
8
750
70 7 75
Oil quench
Room temperature
2mm V-notch Charpy impact value
Hardness：44HRC 700
60 6 70 400℃
HTT(Half temperature time) 30min
50 5 650
65
Stress
40 4
600
60 500℃
30 3 HTT 60min
550
55
20 2
500 Heat treatment
10 50 Quenching : 1,030℃ Air cool
1
Tempering : 580℃×1H×2
Material：DAC Hardness : 50HRC Material：DAC
0 0 450
45
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
105 106 107 108
Testing temperature（℃） Number of rotations till fracture (times)
Standard heat treatment conditions for

YSS hot work tool steels
Quenching and
Heat treatment condition（℃）
Annealed Hardness tempering hardness
Grade Annealing condition（℃）
HBW
Quenching Tempering HRC
1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650

DAC 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling
Air cool (Oil quench) Air cool
1,010 - 1,030 550 - 640

DAC-MAGIC 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling
1,010 - 1,030 550 - 650

DAC10 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling
Oil quench (Air cool) Air cool
1,010 - 1,030 550 - 650

1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650

1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650

Oil quench Air cool
1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650

YEM-K 229 MAX 46 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling
1,050 - 1,140 600 - 700

MDC-K 241 MAX 48 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling
Oil quench Air cool
FDAC Prehardened steel (Delivery in hardened condition) 38 - 42 －
830 - 880 400 - 650

DM 248 MAX 42 MIN 740 - 800 Slow cooling
Oil quench Air cool
1,080 - 1,140 550 - 600

YXR33 241 MAX
Oil quench Air cool
54 MIN 800 - 880 Slow cooling
Quenching and tempering time of YSS die steels

1. Holding time at quenching
(1) Preheating time
First stage: 500-550℃×quenching holding time×2
Second stage: 750-800℃×same length of quenching holding time
(2) Holding time at quenching
Furnace Thickness (mm) ≦15 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 300
Vacuum furnace, Salt bath Holding time (min) 15 25 40 50 60 65 70 80 100
Notice : If you take preheating time, dipping time can be regarded as holding time.
2. Holding time at tempering

Thickness (mm) ≦25 26 - 35 36 - 64 65 - 84 85 - 124 125 - 174 175 - 249 250 - 349 350 - 499
Holding time (h) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Notice : Tempering is needed more than 2 times.
Quenched and tempered hardness curve

DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55
60 60 60 60
50 50 50 50
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,030℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃
40 40 40 40
30 30 30 30
20 20 20 20
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
DAC3 DAC40 YEM-K MDC-K

60 60 60 60
50 50 50 50
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,070℃
40 40 40 40
30 30 30 30
20 20 20 20
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
DM YXR33 Continuous cooling transformation curves of DAC
60 60
1,100
Quenching temp.：1,030℃
58
1,000
1,140℃ 900
50 56
Ps
800
Temperature（℃）
1,120℃
Hardness（HRC）
Hardness（HRC）
54 700
Quenching temp.：850℃
□300mm 1,080℃
600
40 52
500
Quenching temp.：
1,080℃, 1,120℃, 1,140℃ 400 Bs
50
Ms
300
30 48 200
100
46
0 －60 －20 －10 －5 －3℃/min
1 10 100 1,000
20 44
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 500 550 600 650
Time（min）
Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃）
Guide for selecting YSS die materials (Example)

Hot forging dies
Temperature rising; DAC MDC-K YXR33

600 degrees or less
（48 - 52）（50 - 53）（56 - 58）
Countermeasures
against wear
Significant
temperature rising; YEM-K MDC-K YXR33
around about
（45 - 52）（45 - 53）（56 - 58）
DAC 700 degrees
（45 - 50）
General use Countermeasures against crack

DAC (Lower hardness and rapid quenching)
Countermeasures
against heat cracks
（48 - 52）
Extrusion dies
Anti softening after repeated nitriding DAC40

（45 - 49）
DAC
（45 - 49）
General use DAC3

Deflection, Large die
（45 - 52）
Remark 1 : HRC hardness

Remark 2 : By surface treatment such as nitriding, the wear resistance is improvable.
Comparison of various nitrided layers

TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C TYPE D Nitriding property
Nitriding depth and form ε phase Grain boundaries in Sulfide, oxide layer No compound layer 1,200
（In the case of nitrided （Compound layer） the nitride layer YEM-K
DAC
DAC3
SKD61） YXR33
1,000
YEM-K
YXR33
800
　
Hardness（HV）
0.1mm 0.2mm 0.2mm 0.05～0.1mm 600

DAC
＞1000HV ＞1000HV ＞1000HV 600～800HV
Heat crack resistance 2 3 3 1 400

DAC3
Flaking resistance 2 3 3 1 200
　Nitriding in salt bath 570℃×90min

Wear resisitance 2 2 1 3 0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Erosion resistance 2 2 1 3 Distance from surface（mm）
Excellent“1”
→ Good“2”
→ Ordinary“3”
Sulfuration nitriding for hot work die

： Hitachi Improved Nitriding Treatment S-type
The Hint-S is a surface treatment technique

Sulfide layer (Mainly FeS)
developed by Hitachi Metals which improves For improved galling and erosion resistance
significantly wear and erosion resistance of a
die by forming both sulfides and nitrides on
its surface. Nitride layer (Mainly Fe2－3N)
For improved erosion resistance
Nitrogen diffused layer

For improved strength of base metal
Simulation test of hot galling resistance Simulation test of erosion resistance

(On forging die) (On casting die)
Load
250 1.5
Specimen No treatment Gas nitriding
with (Nitriding depth 0.30mm)
Surface pressure（MPa）
200 surface Test pieces：

treatment φ10×90L
Base metal：
1.0
Erosion ratio (%)
Friction DAC55
150 Hardness： Gas soft nitriding
45HRC (Nitriding depth 0.15mm) Molten metal:
AC4C
100 Salt bath sulfuration nitriding Bobbing motion： Temperature:
90 cycle/min. 750℃
0.5
Stroke: 30mm
Work material
50 Gas soft nitriding SNCM439
（Temperature 600℃） Hint-S
No treatment (Nitriding depth 0.30mm)
0 Evaluation method Evaluation method
0 10 20 30 40 0 200 400 600
Time till test piece galled (S) Testing time (min.)
Data sheet
1. Coefficient of thermal expansion Average value from 20℃ to each temperature.（×10-6/℃）
Grade HRC 200℃ 400℃ 600℃
DAC 45 11.3 12.2 12.8
DAC-MAGIC 45 11.3 12.3 13.1
DAC10 45 11.2 12.0 12.7
DAC55 45 11.3 12.1 12.8
DAC3 45 11.4 12.3 12.9
DM 42 12.2 13.1 13.4
YXR33 57 11.3 12.2 12.9
2. Thermal conductivity （W/

（m・K）
）
Grade HRC 20℃ 200℃ 400℃ 600℃
DAC 45 24.6 29.1 31.0 32.6
DAC-MAGIC 45 25.7 30.9 34.8 35.8
DAC10 45 26.1 31.1 33.0 34.5
DAC55 45 26.2 29.8 32.7 34.1
DAC3 45 25.2 30.2 31.8 33.7
DM 42 36.0 39.3 37.7 36.0
YXR33 57 25.0 32.4 34.8 35.5
3. Modulus of elasticity （GPa）

Grade HRC 20℃ 200℃ 400℃ 600℃
DAC 45 210 200 190 170
DAC-MAGIC 45 210 200 190 ─
DAC10 45 210 200 190 170
DAC55 45 210 200 190 ─
DAC3 45 210 200 190 150
DM 42 210 200 190 140
YXR33 57 210 200 190 170
Die Steels For Die Casting
DAC Series
YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Characteristics of Diecasting Die Steels

In compliance with diversification of diecasting technology, variety of steel grades is prepared in order to
best fit for each individual application.
YXR33
High
For insert pins
Advanced Die Steel
DAC10 DAC-MAGIC
High strength at Improve both of DAC55
elevated temperature die life and
Strength at elevated temperature
productivity
Strength and toughness
Isotropy
FDAC SKD61 DAC DAC-S
For small lot production
Prehardened Steel Standard die steel High quality DAC
(Superior H13) HI-PM7
For small lot production HI-PM MAGIC
To keep stability of die life
Prehardened Steel
Toughness High
Applications of YSS Die-casting Die Steels and Their Features

Applications YSS Grade Features
Die for Aluminium/Zinc Alloy DAC, DAC-S Strength at elevated temperature and toughness are well balanced.
in general use equivalent to JIS SKD61 Good machinability and less deformation after heat treatment
0.4C-5.2Cr-1.3Mo-V
High performance die steel which balanced high strength at
Advanced Die Steel for DAC-MAGIC elevated temperature and high toughness. Excellent heat crack
Die Casting Original steel resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance and better
machinability
High performance die, DAC55 Good heat crack resistance

Squeeze die 5.2Cr-2.2Mo-V-Ni Higher toughness enables initial hardness of dies much higher.
DAC10 Higher strength at elevated temperature and excellent heat crack

For Precision Die Casting resistance
5.2Cr-2.7Mo-V
YXR33 Highest strength at elevated temperature

Longer pin life, insert
die parts Matrix HSS Excellent erosion resistance
4.2Cr-1.6W-2.0Mo-1.2V
FDAC 40HRC prehardened steel

5.2Cr-1.3Mo-V-S Free cutting steel
Die for small lot production,
low cost die HI-PM7 Prehardened to 32HRC(HI-PM7), 40HRC(HI-PM MAGIC). Good
HI-PM MAGIC machinability and toughness. Least difference of hardness
P20 modified between surface and center of large die.
Heat Crack Appearance

Heat crack Appearance Cross Section
Diecast in general use

On the surface of dies
Network
Temperature of molten material
680℃ 0.1mm 0.1mm
Precision/Hi-Si Al-alloy
Diecast
On the edge of dies
Crack opening
Temperature of molten material　
760℃ 5mm 0.1mm
Diecast in SQ use
At the corner of dies
Stress concentration
Temperature of molten material
720℃
0.4mm
Results of Heat Crack Generation Test

＊Number of cycles of heat crack generation and cross section
Specimen: φ 90 mm Test procedure: repeated induction heating and cooling by spray water on end face
No. of test cycle cycle
1000 2000 3000 Cross section after test cycles

YSS Grade HRC
DAC 43
DAC 47
0.5mm
heat crack Observation of
generation heat crack
DAC 51
DAC55 50
0.5mm
DAC55 53
0.5mm
Mechanical Properties
Tensile Strength at elevated temperature
（MPa）（kgf/mm2）
1,800 Tempering Hardness Quenching：1,020℃×30min
180
50HRC
1,700 Half Temperature Time 30 min
170
Oil Cooling
1,600
160
44HRC
1,500 Tensile Strength
150
1,400
140
1,300 40HRC
130
Tensile Strength
1,200 120
1,100 110
1,000 100
900 90
800 80
700 70
600 60
500 50
400 40
300 30
20
100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Testing Temperature（℃）×10min
Tempered hardness vs Yielding Strength at elevated temperature Tempered hardness vs Charpy I - Value
500 60
Yielding strength at elevated temperature (MPa)
2mm U-notch Charpy impact value（J/cm2）
Heating：650℃ Quenching : Half temperature time 40min
450
DAC-MAGIC
DAC10
400 40
DAC55
DAC
DAC-MAGIC DAC55
350
DAC
DAC10
300 20
250
200 0
42 44 46 48 50 42 44 46 48 50
Physical Properties
Thermal expansion coefficient（×10-6/℃） Thermal conductivity
Average value from 20℃ to each temperature （W/m･K） Young’
s modulus
YSS Grade
（GPa）
200℃ 400℃ 600℃ 20℃ 200℃ 400℃ 600℃
DAC 11.3 12.2 12.8 24.6 29.1 31.0 32.6 210
DAC-MAGIC 11.3 12.3 13.1 25.7 30.9 34.8 35.8 210
DAC55 11.3 12.1 12.8 26.2 29.8 32.7 34.1 210
DAC10 11.2 12.0 12.7 26.1 31.1 33.0 34.5 210
YXR33 11.3 12.2 12.9 25.0 32.4 34.8 35.5 210
Standard Quality for Aluminium Diecasting
DAC (JIS SKD61) Quenched and tempered hardness

60
DAC is most widely used as Die for Aluminium and
Zinc Diecasting. DAC is hot working tool steel with
50
good balance of strength, toughness and heat
resistance. DAC
Hardness（HRC）
（Quenching 1,020℃ HTT 30min）
With introduction of Isotoropy technology DAC has 40
become tougher and more isotropic to help life of
dies longer and stable.
30
Features 20
*Good balance of both strength at elevated
temperature and toughness
*Good machinability with less distortion after heat 10
as quenched 400 500 550 600 650 700
treatment
Tempering Temperature（℃）
Applications
*General die for Aluminium Diecasting Tempered hardness vs Charpy I-Value
*Die for Zinc Diecasting
（J/cm2（kgf・m/cm
） 2）
*Die for low pressure casting 80

8
(Remarks)
Both forged and cast steel available for low pressure casting Quenching: 1020 ℃
70 7
die in prehardened condition of 30-40HRC.
Oil cool Half Temperature time

60 6
Hardend hardness 15min
30min
*45-48HRC general size dies 50 5
45min
*43-46HRC big size dies 60min
40 4
Quench cooling speed and Microstructure（×400） 30 3

Half Temperature Time
Oil cool
（30min） 20 2
10 1
0 0
40 44 48 52
Hardness（HRC）

（60min）
Toughness of Isoropy DAC
Quenching Temperature
1020℃
Index of 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value
L
Hardness
44HRC
1 T
L
T
0.5
Hardness：47HRC
L：Longitudinal direction
T：Transverse direction
Isotropy DAC SKD61 　
Advanced Die Steel for Die Casting
DAC-MAGIC Quenched and tempered hardness of DAC-MAGIC

60
The range of applications of diecast products for
weight saving and recycling is expanding while
awareness of environmental protection is increasing.
This fact requires bigger diecast products to be 50
produced with higher quality in short cycle. In order
Hardness（HRC）
to meet such needs, DAC-MAGIC is one of the best
materials for diecasting which has not only good heat
crack resistance but also good toughness and
40
machinability.
Features Quenching temperature：1,030℃

*High strength at elevated temperature and excellent Oil Cooling
30 Half Temperature Time 40 min
heat crack resistance
*High toughness prevents gross crack of die
25
*Improved stress corrosion cracking resistance reduces 300 400 500 600 700
crack problem from cooling channel Tempering Temperature（℃）
*Better machinability than conventional SKD61
improved steel (high toughness type) possible to
reduce manufacturing time and total cost
Resistance to stress corrosion cracking
1,100
Applications
*Die casting in general use
*Squeeze die casting 1,000
*Precision die casting
Stress（MPa）
900
Standard Heat Treatment
*Quench: 1010-1030℃ rapid cooling SKD61
*Temper: 550℃-640℃ 800
DAC55
Hardness：45HRC
Recommended hardness 700

10,000 50,000 100,000
*45-52HRC small/medium size dies
*42-46HRC large size dies Number of crack generation cycles
Heat crack resistance
Number of heat crack generation cycle

YSS Grade HRC 1000 2000 3000 (cycle)
DAC-MAGIC 45
DAC55 45
SKD61 45
Specimen: φ 80 mm
Test procedure: repeated induction heating and cooling by spray water on
end face
For High Performance Diecasting
DAC55 Quenched and tempered hardness

60
DAC55 has been developed in responding to the
needs for a longer die life or a steel with good Quenching temperature
55
hardenablity as well as heat crack resistance and 1040℃
toughness for large and medium size dies. 1020℃

50
1000℃
Hardness（HRC）
Features 45
*Good heat crack resistance
*Higher service hardness of 50-53HRC
40
*Higher resistant to crack propagation
*Higher strength at elevated temperature
*Good hardenability 35
Applications 30
*Precision die casting

*Large and medium size dies for die casting 25
as quenched 400 500 550 600 650 700
*Squeeze die casting
Standard Heat Treatment Recommended hardness

*Quench 1010 - 1030℃ rapid cooling
*Temper 550℃ - 640℃ Hardness
Application
（HRC）
*Hardness 43 - 53HRC
Small Die, Squeeze Die
50 - 53
（Anti-Heat Crack）
46 - 50 General Use Die
43 - 46 Large Die（Priority:Toughness）
(Remarks) Recommended hardness may not apply depending on
Quench cooling speed and Microstructure（×400） projection or casting conditions
Oil cool （15min）
Tempered hardness vs Charpy I-Value
6

5
DAC55
（kgf・m/cm2）
4 40
（J/cm2）
3
　　　　　　
（30min） 2 DAC 20
　　　　　
Quenching Temperature 1
1020℃
0
46 48 50 52
Hardness
Hardness（HRC）
44HRC
Quench Cooling Speed vs Charpy I-Value

（Test Result of 250mm Qubic Block）
50
40
DAC55
（50HRC）
（J/cm2）
30
　　　　　　
20
T-Direction
DAC
（45HRC）
10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Half Temperature Time（min）
（1,020℃→520℃ Cooling Time）
For Precision Diecasting
DAC10 Quenched and tempered hardness

60
As material of die for diecast products which
requires higher level of surface, heat crack
50
resistance has been intensified.
Most useful for small and medium size dies of their
Hardness（HRC）
longer life. 40
Features 30
*Higher strength at elevated temperature and excellent

heat crack resistance 20
*Good erosion resistance
（Quenching 1,020℃ HTT 15min）
10
Applications as quenched
400 500 550 600 650 700
*Small / Medium size dies of which O-ring grooves Tempering Temperature（℃）

require heat crack resistance
*Medium dies for products like headcover which Tempered hardness vs Charpy I-Value
requires good appearance （J/cm2（
）kgf・m/cm2）
*Small dies for OA components which require erosion 80 （1,020℃ Quenching）
8
resistance
70 7 Oil cool
Standard Heat Treatment 60 6

*Quench 1,010-1,030℃ rapid cooling 15min
*Temper 570℃-610℃ 50 5
*Hardness 44-51HRC 30min
45min
40 4 60min
30 3
（×400）
Quench cooling speed and Microstructure 20 2

Oil cool (15min) 10 1
0 0
40 44 48 52
Hardness（HRC）
*Oil Cool Test Piece Size:10×10×55mm
Half Temperature Time Quench Cooling Speed vs Charpy I-Value

（30min）（J/cm2（
）kgf・m/cm2）
80 （1,020℃ Quenching）
8
Quenching Temperature
1020℃
70 7
Hardness
44HRC
60 6
40HRC
50 5
44HRC
40 4
48HRC
30 3
52HRC
20 2
10 1
0 0
Oil cool 15 30 45 60
Half Temperature Time (min)
High Quality DAC (Superior H13)
DAC-S Index of Charpy impact value

700
43HRC DAC-S
DAC-S has higher toughness than general-purpose
Index of Charpy impact value

600
diecasting die steel DAC, which has excellent resistance to
gross crack generation of die. 500
400
DAC
300
Features
*Higher toughness than general-purpose diecasting die steel 200 SKD61
DAC 100
*DAC-S meets a minimum Charpy impact value specification
of the NADCA 207 - 2003 Superior. 0
100 200 300
*DAC contributes to the stability of die life Test temperature（℃）
*Normalizing DAC as to 100
Applications
*Large and medium dies for die casting Fatigue strength of DAC-S
1,400
45HRC
Standard Heat Treatment 1,200
*Quench 1,000℃ -1,050℃ rapid cooling Stress（MPa）
1,000
*Temper 550℃ - 680℃
*Hardness 45- 48HRC (general size dies), 43-46HRC (large size 800 DAC-S
dies)
600
DAC
400
200
0 3
10 104 105 106 107 108
Number of fracture cycle（Times）
For High Performance Insert Pin
YXR33 Specimen after Erosion test by molten casting metal
YXR33 is a HSS with higher toughness which solved

breakage problem often existed in SKH51. Fitted for insert Weight loss
pin or other inserts exposed to critical wear due to erosion. 46.8％
DAC（48HRC）
Features
*Highest strength at elevated temperature among HSS and DAC (48HRC) with Nitriding 14.8％
Alloy Tool Steel.

*Toughness is more than 5 times as big as SKH51
YXR33(52HRC) with Nitriding 0.8％
*Excellent nitridability
Erosion test by molten casting metal

Applications
（Specimen and Testing Condition）
*Erosion resistant insert pin *Insert die parts
90rpm
Test 2h
Standard Heat Treatment
Quench 1080℃ -1140℃ oil cool Heater
Temper 550℃ - 600℃ Molten Al-Alloy 700℃
Hardness 52 - 58HRC 90mm 10mm
10mm
Specimen
FDAC, HI-PM7, HI-PM MAGIC For small lot production

These materials whose strength and toughness are Heat Crack Test（0.5R ditch）
less than those of general die-casting die steels (ex.
DAC) can be used for dies for small lot production or
holding blocks.
FDAC is based on chemical composition of DAC with
the addition of some Sulfur for machinability. As
delivered pre-hardened to 38-42HRC, direct cavity
making is possible.
HI-PM7 is prehardened to 29-33HRC and has good
machinability.
HI-PM MAGIC is prehardened to 37-41HRC and has
good machinability and toughness. HI-PM7（32HRC） DAC（44HRC）
2,000 Shots 5,016 Shots
Features
*Good machinability Mechanical Properties（Reference）
*As delivered prehardened, farther heat treatment
is necessary YSS Grade Hardness 0.2% Yielding Tensile Elongation Reduction
Strength Strength of Area
→Possible to reduce manufacturing time and total cost
（HRC）（MPa）（MPa）（％）（％）
DAC 40 1,070 1,250 12 58

Applications
Die for small lot production, low cost die, holding block FDAC 40 1,060 1,240 11 20
　FDAC: priority heat resistance
　HI-PM7 and HI-PM MAGIC: high toughness and good HI-PM7 32 860 980 20 55
machinability HI-PM MAGIC 40 1,020 1,200 18 45
2mm U-notch Charpy I-Value (Reference)
YSS Grade Hardness Longitudinal direction Transverse direction

（HRC）（J/cm2）（J/cm2）
DAC 40 58 39
FDAC 40 19 10
HI-PM7 32 65 40
HI-PM MAGIC 40 60 35
Size of Raw Material：280×640
Position of Specimen：w/2×t/4
Machinability of FDAC Cutting condition

Face milling Drilling
Cutter φ63 Tool HSS Co φ4
Drilling Cutting speed 20m/min
Coated cemented
Insert
carbide
Feed 0.1mm/rev
Number of inserts 1 Depth 40mm Blind

Face milling
Cutting speed 130m/min Coolant Water-Soluble
FDA（39HRC）
Feed 0.15mm/Tooth
DAC（38HRC） Life Number of cutting hole
Depth 0.5mm
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Coolant Dry
Index of tool life（DAC（38HRC）=1）
Life VB=0.3mm
Actual Performance
Die Clamping Comparison of Actual Performance
Diecast Products
Force Effect
YSS Grade (die size mm) Current Application
Autoparts surface 800 ton （44HRC）

DAC DAC（48HRC）
1.35 times
priority 120×210×300 Primary heat crack at 37K shots Primary heat crack at 50K shots
Autoparts DAC-MAGIC 2,500 ton DAC（43HRC）（44HRC）

DAC-MAGIC More than
Insert heat cracks Less heat cracks 1.5 times
1,250 ton Life span of DAC55, DAC10, material （46HRC）

DAC-MAGIC About
Autoparts DAC-MAGIC 2 times
WJ Insert A and material B are 20K- 50K shots Still on service after 100K shots
Life span of other company material （47-48HRC）

DAC-MAGIC More than
Autoparts DAC-MAGIC 1,600 ton (46-47HRC) is 29K shots 2.1 times
Still on service after 62K shots
Autoparts surface （47HRC）

DAC （50HRC）
DAC55 More than
2,000 ton
priority DAC55 Heat crack at 60K shots Still on service after 100K shots 1.6 times
Autoparts (thin insert) DAC DAC55

n.a. 2 times
DAC55 Breakage at 20K shots More than 40K shots
DAC DAC10
OA Components 250 ton Primary heat crack at 15K Primary heat crack at 24K shots, More than
(precision die) DAC10 80×200×300 shots, repair at 30K shots, no griding repair, 1.6 times
scrap at 80K shots scrap at 120K shots
DAC DAC10
OA Components 650 ton Primary bite at 1K shots, No bite at 10K shots More than
(precision die) DAC10 90×215×380 scrap at 30K shots 3 times
DAC YXR33
Autoparts YXR33 Insert Pin 3 times
Meltdown and galling at 3K Still on service after 10K shot
shots
High melting point （60HRC）

SKH51 （54HRC）
YXR33 ＋TiN
Al-alloy autoparts Insert Pin 10 times
Breakage at 2K shots Meltdown at 20K shots
YXR33
Machinability
Comparison of machinability by High feed Comparison of machinability by
radius milling (annealed) Ball end milling (45HRC)
100 100
Cutting speed Cutting speed：200m/min
80 ：180m/min 80
： 90m/min
Macinability index
Macinability index
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55 DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55
<Cutting conditions> <Cutting conditions>

φ63 High feed radius mill φ6-R3
Cutting speed = 90,180m/min Coated carbide ball end mill
Feed = 2.0mm/tooth Cutting speed = 200m/min
Cutting depth = 1.0mm Feed = 0.1mm/tooth
Cutting width = 42mm Cutting depth = 0.6mm
Cutting width = 0.6mm
Simulated Die Machining Example

High feed radius milling
Work State of tool wear Cutting chips
DAC-MAGIC
〈Cutting conditions〉
Tool: ASR4050-4 (Hitachi Tool Engineering)
Wear width：0.13 mm TB6045 (φ50-4 teeth)
Protrusion = 200mm
Cutting speed = 96m/min
Feed =1mm/tooth Cutting depth = 0.7mm
Rotation = 610min-1
Feeding speed =
DAC55 　　　2440mm/min
Cut width = 36mm
Air blow
Wear width：0.25 mm Work = Annealed
condition
Ball end milling
Work DAC-MAGIC DAC55
〈Cutting conditions〉
Tool: EPBT2100 (Hitachi Tool Engineering)
State of 　　TH coated (φ10-R5)
Protrusion = 200mm Cutting speed = 110m/min
tool wear Feed = 0.15mm/tooth 　Cutting depth = 0.5mm
Rotation: 3500min -1
Feeding speed =
　　　　1050mm/min
Cut width = 0.5mm
Wear width：0.03 mm Wear width ：0.05mm Air blow
Work = Heat treated condition
　 (45HRC)
Repair Welding
Followings show standard repair welding method in build-up welding due to design change or repair
welding due to heat crack.
Material involved : DAC, DAC-MAGIC, DAC55, DAC10, FDAC.
Welding Welding Temp. between

State of Die Welding Welding Process Chart
Method Condition weld layers
Welding Annealing
680 - 730℃
350 - Furnance
400℃ Cooling or
DAC 300 - Ash Cooling
Annealed State or 400℃ 250℃ Above
After-heating
same steel
Pre-heating
○Welding bar 100-150℃
　1.6 - 4.0φ
Anneal 2 times in case of Large block.
○Current
TIG
　80 - 200A
○Flux of Ar gas Below Tempering

Welding
　8 - 15ℓ/min Temperature of Die
Hardened State YAG 350 - 250℃ Above
300 - 400℃ Air Cooling
400℃
After-heating
Pre-heating
100 - RT
150℃
- 100℃
（Remarks）
1. YAG is a brand name of Hitachi Maraging Steel used for various applications including high
grade welding rod. Using YAG welding rod remarkably decreases such welding defects as "bead
crack" or "pin holes".
2. TIG Welding Method (Tangsten Inert Gas Welding Method) is to make arc between tangsten
electrode covered by argon gas and objects to be welded, and then wire is inserted into the heat
pool generated by the arc.
3. Use lower current and finer welding wire in order to get better efficiency of welding metal.
In order to prevent crater cracks, avoid an overlap of the crater of backward pass on the crater
of foregoing pass.
To avoid an overheat of mother material, conduct an interrupted welding with short bead.
4. Keeping time of Temper and Anneal after welding should be 1h/25mm in thickness.
5. A careful attention is to be paid of crack during grinding.
Heat Treatment
Standard Heat Treatment Process
Quenching 1,000 -1,050℃ Tempering
750 - 800℃ 550- 680℃

Forced Air Cooling,
Holding time High Pressure Gas,
Cooling, etc. Holding time
T Air Cooling
500 - 550℃ 300- 350℃ T
Refer to Refer to
the table the table
100 -150℃ Room Temperature
To Tempering
First Second Quenching Pre-heating Tempering
Furnace
Pre-heating Pre-heating *Tempering is required at least two times or more.
Holding time for quenching Holding time for tempering
Thickness（mm） ≦15 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 300 Thickness（mm） ≦25 26-35 36-64 65-84 85-124 125-174 175-249 250-349 350-499
Holding time (min) 15 25 40 50 60 65 70 80 100 Holding time (h) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Quenching Method to Reduce Distortion

As the cooling rate of quenching becomes faster, the heat-treated microstructure becomes finer and
the toughness is improved. However, the distortion after heat treatment increases. By optimizing the
quenching pattern, Hitachi Metals Group has established heat treatment method which not only
reduce distortion but also improve toughness.
Examples of measuring impact values of Examples of distortion of heat-treated products

heat-treated products（DAC10/160×400×500）
Index of Charpy Impact Value（％）
Longitudinal direction Longitudinal direction

200 30
Number of heat-treated die
Air
25 Method 1
150
20 Method 2
Oil
100 15
10
50
5
0 0
Air Method 1 Method 2 Oil ＜0.05 ＜0.10 ＜0.15 ＜0.20 ＜0.25 ＜0.30
Quenching method Distortion rate (“bend” versus “length”)
Nitriding Comparison of various nitrided layers

Properties and characteristics TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C TYPE D
of the nitrided layer vary
ε phase (white layer) Grain boundaries in the Sulfide, oxide layer No compound layer
depending on nitriding methods nitride layer
and conditions. Please choose Nitriding depth and

form (In the case of
the type of nitriding according nitrided SKD61)
to the right figure. 0.1mm 0.2mm 0.2mm 0.05 - 0.1mm
＞1000HV ＞1000HV ＞1000HV 600 - 800HV
Heat crack resistance B C C A

Flaking resistance
of the nitrided layer B C C A
Melting Resistance B B A C
Type of Nitriding General nitriding Deep nitriding Sulfurizing and nitriding Shallow nitriding
Excellent “A” → Good “B” → Ordinary “C”
High Quality
Plastic Mold Steels
HI-PM Series
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Mold Material and Application

Hardness
Group Grade Material Type Application Example
Employed (HRC)
Mold required good weldability and machinability (Autoparts,

HI-PM7 P20 improved
Home electronics, House equipment)
29 - 33 HI-PM38 420 improved Flame retardant resin, Transparent parts, Rubber
HI-PM77 420 improved and Corrosion resistant mold bases, Rubber mold
resulpherized
(Round Bar)
Prehardened
38 - 42 PSL 630 improved Mold for polyvinyl chloride, Frothy resin, Rubber
(Flat Bar)
33 - 37
Cr contained NiAl Rust resistant mold with sensitive surface as mirror

37 - 42 CENA1
precipitation grade polishing, creping, EDM, Weldless Mold
General Mass-Production Mold (Autoparts, OA equipment,

HI-PM MAGIC P20 improved
Home Electronics)
Parts associated with automobile headlamp production,

37 - 41 HI-PM PRO P21 improved
Exterior of cellular phone
P21 improved and

HI-PM1 Mold for general use (Home electronics etc), Plate and holder
resulpherized
38 - 42 H13 improved and Engineering resin, Slide core

FDAC
resulpherized
Mold for Anti-corrosion / Mirror polish (Medical instruments,

HI-PM38 420 improved
Food container, etc)
50 - 55
HI-PM38S 420 improved Mold for super mirror polish (Optical disc / Aspheric lens)
For Quench and Temper
Wear resistant mold for engineering resin

HI-PM31 D2 improved
(Gear, Connector, IC）
56 - 62
Mold required high toughness and high hardness
HAP5R P/M HSS
(Core pin, Thin wall)
60 - 63 ZCD-M D2 improved IC mold
Reinforced and flame retardant engineering resin, IC mold,

60 - 65 ZDP4 P/M Cold Die Steel
Slide parts, Cutter required exceptional wear resistance
High hardness, non-

35 - 45 HI-PM75 Molding in magnetic field (Plastic magnet)
For Aging
magnetic, resulphurized
Mold required exceptional toughness (Core pin, Thin wall),

52 - 57 YAG Maraging Steel
Super mirror polish (Optical lens)
Resin Types and Grade Selection

Required Life and Grade Recommended
Resin Required Properties SHORT MEDIUM LONG MASS PRODUCTION
for Mold ＜100,000 ＜500,000 ＜1,000,000 ＞1,000,000
HI-PM7 HI-PM MAGIC
HI-PM MAGIC CENA1 HI-PM MAGIC + Nitriding
General Machinability HI-PM7
CENA1 HI-PM PRO FDAC
HI-PM PRO FDAC
Engineering HI-PM7 HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM38

Resin Wear Resistivity HI-PM7 HI-PM MAGIC + Nitriding + Nitriding
FDAC FDAC HI-PM31
HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM31 + Plating

Thermo- Reinforced HI-PM MAGIC + Nitriding
High Wear Resistivity HI-PM PRO HI-PM31 ZDP4
plastic FDAC Plating
FDAC, HI-PM1 HAP5R, HAP40
Flame HI-PM38 HI-PM38

Corrosion Resistivity (Prehardened) HI-PM38 HI-PM38 + Plating
Retardant PSL
CENA1
CENA1
Transparent Mirror Polishability CENA1 HI-PM38 HI-PM38
HI-PM38
HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM MAGIC

General Wear Resistivity HI-PM PRO HI-PM PRO + Plating HI-PM31 HI-PM31
FDAC, HI-PM1 FDAC
Thermo-
set HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM31
Reinforced High Wear Resistivity + Nitriding HI-PM31 + Plating ZDP4 + Plating
FDAC ZCD-M
General Resin : PS, PE, PP, AS, ABS etc.

Engineering Resin : PC, PPE, PA, POM, PBT, PET etc.
Advanced Engineering Resin : PPS, PI, PES, PEEK etc.
Properties Comparison Table

Dimensional change EDM/Creping Mirror Rust Wear
Material Machinability Weldability Toughness Cost
by heat treatment texture polishability resistance resistance
HI-PM7 A − C C A D D B B
HI-PM77 B − D D C B D C C
PSL D − B C A A D B D
CENA1 C − A B C C D C D
HI-PM MAGIC B − B C+ A D D B C
HI-PM PRO B ー A B B D D C D
HI-PM1 A − D D D D D D C
FDAC C − D D C D C C C
HI-PM38 C A A A C B C C D
HI-PM38S C A A A+ C B C C E
HI-PM31 C B A B D C B C D
HAP5R C C A B D E B B E
ZCD-M D C A D E C B D D
ZDP4 E D B B E C A E E
HI-PM75 E B D D E B C C E
YAG D B A A A D C A E
S55C A − C E C E E C A
SCM440 C − C D D D D C B
Ratings : A--Best C--Ordinary D, E--Poor
(Remarks) Please refer above as general concept.
Properties Comparison
Polishing Property 60 HI-PM31
(Schematic Diagram) YAG
HI-PM38 HI-PM38S
50
Hardness (HRC)
HI-PM MAGIC CENA1
40 HI-PM PRO
HI-PM7
30
20
10 S55C Super mirror finish

General products Transparent products
Optical disc, Optical lens
2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000

Better
Mirror Polishability (Grain Mesh)
Texturing Properties General Texturing Fine Texturing

(Schematic Diagram of Uniformity by Better
CENA1
Etching) HI-PM PRO
Texturing Properties
HI-PM38
DAC-S
(Remarks) HI-PM MAGIC

This diagram does not show etching efficiency.
(Etching efficiency is inversely proportional to the HI-PM7
Single melt
corrosion resistance.) FDAC
HI-PM77 Double melt
HI-PM1
3,000 5,000 8,000 14,000

Free Machining Grade Grades for Polish (Grain Mesh No.) Better
Machinability Grade Hardness Cutting Speed (Tool Life : Cutting Length 1m) Better
(HRC)
0 10 20 30 40 50
Drilling S55C 13
Tool：SKH51　φ10 SCM440 28
Feed：0.15mm/rev HI-PM7 32
Depth：30mm HI-PM38 32
Dry HI-PM77 32
PSL 35
HI-PM MAGIC 40
HI-PM1 40
FDAC 40
SKD11 A
HI-PM31 A
HI-PM75 （ST）
Corrosion Resistance Weight Loss by Corrosion (mg/cm・

2
h)
(5%Sulfuric Acid Solution) Grade Better
0 5 10 15 20 25
PSL
HI-PM75
HI-PM38
SUS440C
SKD11
HI-PM31
CENA1
HI-PM MAGIC
SCM440
Wear Resistance Wear Ratio (mm3/mm・
2
mm)×10-7
Ohgoshi-method Wear Test Grade Hardness Better
(HRC) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Work Material SCM415
Load 67N SKD11 60
Friction Distance 400m
Friction Speed 0.78m/sec HI-PM31 59
ZDP4 65
SUS440C 57
ZCD-M 63
SKH51 63
HAP40 67
Mechanical Properties Hardness

Tensile 0.2%Yield
Elongation
Reduction of
Grade Strength Strength Area
（HRC）（N/mm2）（N/mm2）（%）（%）
HI-PM7 32 975 855 20 55

HI-PM38 52 1,910 1,620 13 35
HI-PM77 32 990 845 16 41
PSL 39 1,170 1,100 11 34
CENA1 40 1,225 1,150 15 50
HI-PM MAGIC 40 1,200 1,020 18 45
HI-PM PRO 40 1,200 1,020 17 45
40 L 1,225 1,030 18 40
HI-PM1
40 T 1,215 1,010 10 25
HI-PM75 42 1,305 1,110 11 28
YAG 53 2,010 1,910 10 48
Physical Properties
（×10-6/℃）
Thermal Expantion Coef.
Thermal Conductivity
（W/m・K）
Grade Averaged value from 30℃ to each temp.
100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃ 20℃ 100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃

HI-PM7 11.6 12.2 12.8 13.4 34.3 38.3 39.8 40.4 40.6
HI-PM38 10.4 11.1 11.5 11.8 22.1 25.5 26.7 28.5 29.6
HI-PM77 10.1 10.7 11.1 11.5 22.3 24.9 26.3 27.9 29.5
PSL 10.6 11.1 11.9 12.1 15.8 20.0 22.2 24.2 25.5
CENA1 10.8 11.5 12.0 12.4 20.5 22.9 25.9 28.2 30.5
HI-PM MAGIC 11.5 12.3 12.9 13.4 31.4 34.1 37.7 40.2 41.1
HI-PM PRO 12.7 13.0 13.3 － 28.3 31.9 35.4 38.3 －
HI-PM1 11.4 11.8 12.3 12.8 31.5 36.6 38.4 39.4 40.1
HI-PM31 12.4 13.1 13.6 14.1 26.5 － 34.4 － 39.8
ZCD-M 10.5 10.8 11.5 11.9 16.4 19.4 22.0 25.3 24.4
HI-PM75 16.1 17.2 18.0 18.6 12.3 14.5 16.4 18.7 20.4
YAG － 10.8 －－ 20.9 － 25.5 － 27.6
40HRC Prehardened Grade

Prehardened： 37- 41HRC
CENA1 Precipitation Hardening,

Rust-Resisting Grade for
Precise Mold
CENA1 is a high performance plastic mold with rust resistivity and

excellent machinability. CENA1 has exceptional high purity and suits
for critical surface finish.
Features
● No heat treatment is necessary. Uniform hardness distribution.

（37- 42HRC） TV Glossy Frame
● Higher rust resistivity compared with P21 type grade. (Weldless Molding)
● Excellent mirror polishability, crepe- and EDM finishability.
● Good weldability with least hardness elevation.
● Good nitrinding hardenability and can be used for wear resisting
application.
Application
Non-glare Treatment Sample
● Most suitable for weldless molding.
● Countermeasure against corrosion by gas generated from resin.
● Other critical surface finish molds. Engineering resin products.
Creping Sample
HI-PM Prehardened: 37- 41HRC

Toughness
PRO
Precipitation Hardening Grade 50
for Precise Mold Thickness 140mm
Charpy impact value（J/cm2）
40
HI-PM PRO is the steel for plastic molds which precise pursues 30
consistency in production to meet requirement for elaborately

designed products. 20
Features 10
●“Hardness”(37 to 41HRC) which is suitable for mass production of 0

resin products by precision molding. HI-PM PRO P21 Improved steel
●“Excellent machinability for high quality appearance”supports excellent Comparison of 2mmU notch
Charpy impact values
mirror polishability, creping, EDM surface (thanks to the special
melting method).
●“Toughness and machinability”supports stable mold making and
productivity.
Application
● The parts associated with automobile headlight production

● The exterior of cellular phone

HI-PM Prehardened：37-41HRC
Advanced Plastic Mold Steel
MAGIC for general purposes
HI-PM MAGIC is a newly developed grade which has both high

durability and excellent processability. Easy weldability will make
setup of the new products of home electronic, OA equipment or Auto
parts smoother.
Home electronics, OA equipment, Auto parts

Features
● No heat treatment is necessary (37- 41HRC) 80
Charpy Impact Value（J/cm2）

● Stable polishability Thickness 140mm
● Steady machinability. Fits for high-speed high feed cutting 60
● Higher toughness compared with conventional 40HRC grades
● Easy Weldability 40
● Good EDM finishability
● Excellent nitriding properties 20
● Satisfying Cost Performance
0
HI-PM MAGIC P21 P20
Improved Steel Ni Steel
Comparison of 2mmU notch
Charpy impact values
Application (example of measurement by our company)
● General resin products for home electronics, equipment OA Auto and so on.
HI-PM1
Prehardened：37-41HRC
Free Machining Precipitation
Hardening Grade for Precise Mold
50
HI-PM1 is free machining plastic mold steel prehardened to 40HRC.

With superb machinability, HI-PM1 is fitted for genaral applications. CENA1, HI-PM MAGIC
HI-PM1
40
Hardness（HRC）
HI-PM7, HI-PM38, HI-PM77
Features 30
● No heat treatment is necessary.（37-41HRC）

SCM440
● Excellent machinability among 40HRC prehardened grades.
20
S50C
150 100 50 0 50 100 150

Application
Distance from Center（ｍｍ）
● General Plastic Products
Cross Section Hardness Distribution
● Precise Rubber Mold, etc. For Smooth Cut Surface.
（300mm Square Size）
HI-PM7
Prehardened: 29 - 33HRC
For Medium and Large Mold
for General Application
HI-PM7 is a plastic mold steel prehardened to 29-

33HRC fitted for medium and large size mold, having
good machinability and weldability. In addition, it has
good mirror polishability and EDM machinability to
make itself one of the best steel in this class grade. Inner Panel
Features
Tail Lamp
● Uniform hardness distribution even in large crosssection.
(29-33HRC)
● Machinability is better than P20 or free machining steel.
● Excellent weldability with least hardness elevation. Endmill：Co-HSSφ3
V=22.5m/min
● Stable mirror polishability. f=0.0552mm/Blade
● Less streak texture and least hardness elevation on EDM a=2w×10H
surface make finishing easier. Wet
0.4
● Excellent toughness.
● Excellent nitriding property. SCM440
0.3
P21 improved
Tool Wear（ｍｍ）
(free cutting)
0.2
Application HI-PM7
0.0
● Auto parts: Headlamp, Tail lamp, Inner panel, etc.
● Home electronics, OA equipment, House equipment:
TV cabinet, Air conditioner, etc.
0
● Other large daily goods, Large container, Pipe, Rubber 2 4 6 B 10
Cutting Length（ｍ）
Machinability Comparison
HI-PM7　 No crack
SCM440　 Crack has occurred
y-groove Weld Crack Test

JIS Z 3158
TIG Welding
No pre-heating / No post-heating
Stainless Steel for Quench and Temper

Prehardened： 29-33HRC
HI-PM38 Hardenable to： 50-55HRC

For Anti-Corrosion and Mirror
Polish Mold
HI-PM38 is Mo contained 13Cr martensitic stainless steel

prehardened to 29-33HRC, manufactured by consumable CD, DVD
electrode remelting method, further hardenable to 50-55HRC.
It is fitted for molds which require corrosion resistance and
superb mirror polishability. In addition, it suits for precise
heat treatment. Excellent corrosion resistance also makes
mold storage easier.
Features
Food Container
● Excellent mirror polishability
● Better corrosion-resistivity than 420.
Chromium plating is not necessary.
● Least heat treatment deformation, best fitted for precise mold.
● As HI-PM38 is supplied as prehardened condition, it can
Dimensional Distortion（％） Quench ：1,030℃(VQ)
be used without further heat treatment also. N2gas Cooling
0.10
Application 0.05
Width
0
● Transparent items：Lense, Container for cosmetics, etc.
-0.05 Length
● Flame retardant resin products：Home electronics, OA
equipment
● For omitting plating：Food container, Medical instruments 56
Hardness（HRC）
54
52
Heat Treatment
50
● Quenching ： 1,000-1,050℃ Air Cooling 48
● Tempering ： 200-500℃ Air Cooling

as Quench 200 300 400 500 600
Heat Treatment Properties of HI-PM38
HI-PM38S Hardenable to： 50-55HRC
For Super Mirror Polish Mold
Nonmetallic Inclusion Quantity (Index Number)
Features 100
● Superior mirror polishability to below 0.01μm surface roughness.

● Other features are same as HI-PM38.
● CD, DVD, and optical lens.
50
SUS420J2 HI-PM38 HI-PM38S

Purity of HI-PM38S
Prehardened Stainless Grade

Prehardened：
PSL
33-37HRC（Flat bar）
38-42HRC（Round bar）
For Higher Grade
Anti-Corrosion Mold
PSL is precipitation hardening stainless steel which shows

superior corrosion resistance as used for corrosive gas
yielding resins or resins with flame retardant additives without
plating.
Features
PVC Extruded Products
● Best corrosion resistance among plastic mold steels.
Plating is not needed.
● Least hardness elevation on EDM or welded surface and 〈Test Condition〉
easier finishing jobs. Solution：10％HCL
Temp.：40℃
SKD11
（58HRC）
Weight Loss by Corrosion（％）

2.0
Application SCM440 ＋ Cr plating
1.5
● Polyvinyl chloride : Pipe fittings, Pipe, Sash, etc.
1.0
● Resins with flame retardant additives
SUS420J2
（30HRC）
● Precision mold for rubber 0.0
SUS304
PSL（40HRC）
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Dipping Time（hr）
Corrosion Resistivity Comparison
HI-PM77 Free Machining Martensitic
Stainless Grade for Mold Base
Features
● Good corrosion resistance and well fitted for rust

protection of water cooling holes or surface of mold base.
● Excellent machinability Water Leve
● Prehardened and good mechanical properties
Application
● Holder for compact disc mold or lens mold. S55C HI-PM77

● Holder for food or medical container mold and precise Rust after 1month dipping in water
engineering resin mold.
● Mold for rubber
● Anti-corrosive support tools
High Wear Resistance Grade

Hardenable to： 55-60HRC
HI-PM31 High Wear Resistant Grade

for Mass Production
HI-PM31 is wear resistant plastic mold steel with fine

carbide uniformly distributed by means of appropriate
alloy design and consumable electrode remelting
process. Least heat treatment distortion, it suits for
precise heat treatment.
Features Engineering Resin Gear
● Wear resistance is as high as JIS SKD11.

● Much better machinability and grindability than JIS SKD11.
● Least heat treatment deformation, best fitted for precise
mold.
● Good mirror polishability crepe and EDM finishability
● High hardness and toughness, enough against chipping or
breakage
IC Mold
Application
● Engineering resin products and thermosetting resin products

● Precise mold：IC mold, Connector, Watch parts, Camera parts
Quench ：1,030℃(VQ)
Dimensional Distortion（％）
N2gasCooling
Heat Treatment
0.15
Width Thickness
● Quenching：1,000-1,050℃ Air Cooling 0.05
● Tempering ：200-550℃ Air Cooling 0

-0.05
Length
Hardness（HRC）
62
60
58
56
54
as Quench 200 300 400 500 600

Heat Treatment Properties of HI-PM31
Aging Grade
YAG Super High Toughness
Maraging Steel
Ejector pin
As YAG is delivered as solution heat treated condition,

you are advised to conduct aging at 480-520℃ in order
to get hardness between 52-57HRC after engraving
cavity.
(Remarks)
This product might correspond to the Export Trade Control Order.
When you export this product, you might need apply for export Optical Lens
licenses to the authorities in your country.
Features
3000
● Excellent toughness and mechanical properties under high YAG
Notch Strength（N/mm2）
hardness and best fitted against breakage
● Super mirror polishability
2000
● Hardness of 55HRC is obtainable by aging at 500℃ with
least distortion
SKD61
1000
Application
SCM440
● Optical lens
● Thin core pin 0
20 30 40 50 60
● Ejector pin, either of small diameter or of long length Hardness（HRC）
Relationship between Hardness and Notch Strength
HI-PM75 Non-Magnetic High Hardness

Free Machining Plastic Mold
Steel
Features
● Permeability(μ) is 1.01, equally non-magnetic as 304

● 35-45HRC is obtainable by aging of 700℃×5h and has
higher wear resistance.
● Good nitriding properties
(Remarks)
Slower machining recommended as it is easily hardened by machining.
Application
Plastic Magnet
● Plastic magnet
● Wear resistant, non-magnetic supportive tools
Higher Grade Polishing Method of Plastic Mold
Polish procedure Example
● Polish by oil grinding stone (use kerosene) #180→#240→#320→#400→#600→#800

● Polish by oil sand paper (use kerosene) #600→#800→#1000→#1200→#1500
● Finish Polishing by diamond compound (use felt cloth) #1800→#3000→#8000→#14000
（9μm）
　（6μm）（3μm）
　（1μm）
　　　　
Important points of polishing

1. Each procedure is to be strictly kept.
2. When changing from one number to another, check if there are remained
scratches by changing polishing direction. (move 45-90 degrees)
3. When changing numbers, wash and remove last polishing grains
completely.
4. Polishing by diamond compound needs to be done in short times.
Excessive polish can produce pinholes or orange peel.
5. Avoid alumina and chromium oxide as the polish capabilities are lower than
diamond.
6. During long interruption, the object must be protected from the rust.
Remarks:
A. For superior polishing use diamond compound.
Don't use alumina nor chromium-oxide compound.
Diamond Compound Finish Aluminium Oxide Finish Not Good Chromium Oxide Finish Not Good
B. Load for polishing should be kept the lowest possible.

C. Foregoing polish should be done prudently.
D. Rust proof measures must be taken in any interruption of jobs.
Scratch remains due to Seam and pinhole texture at Pinhole texture by inapropriate
overload. crossing by less foregoing polish rust proof.
Welding of Plastic Mold
Attentive points
1. Preparations before welding
A. Form of location to get welded should be made smooth as Figure 1.
B. Cracks and treated surface (nitrided or plated) must be eliminated.
C. Oil, dust, moisture and scale must be removed thoroughly.
≧5C
W＞4D
W
R＞D
45° R
≧5R
D
Edge Overlaying Corner Overlaying Groove/Hole Overlaying
Figure 1. Standing shapes for build up welding
2. Welding rod
A. Welding rod of similar composition as mold is to be used so that welding may not bring
about unevenness of mirror finish or creping surface.
When the mold is made from HI-PM MAGIC, use welding rod made from HI-PM MAGIC-W.
Likewise, in case fo TIG welding there are T-HTM-31 and T-HTM38 in the market for
welding for mold made from HI-PM31 and HI-PM38.
B. In case of using coated electrode, weldling rod should be dried by heating to 250-300℃
before using.
C. For cavity welding, TIG welding should be applied.

(TIG : Tungsten Inert Gas)
3. Welding
A. Figure 2 shows example of actual welding jobs of representative grades.
B. Tempering should be conducted soon after welding in case of prehardened steel or

hardened and tempered steel according to Figure 2.
Tempering is effective to protect mold from crack and to stabilize mirror finish and
creped surface by having uniform hardness and structure.
Mold Steel
Welding Welding Rod Condition Heat Cycle
Grade
●TIG Welding （Stress reliefing for correcting

Rod Current Welding deformations and precise creping）
HI-PM MAGIC 　2.4φ………… 80-160A Pre-heat Post-heat 450-550℃
HI-PM MAGIC TIG -W 150-300℃ 150-300℃
　3.2φ………… 110-200A
Flow Rate　10-15ℓ/min （Cool Slowly） Air Cooling
TIG HI-PM7-W ●Shielded Metal Ark Welding Welding

Tempering
Rod Current Post-heat 500-600℃
　3.2φ………… 90-120A Pre-heat
HI-PM7 200-300℃
100-150℃ 1hr/
　4.0φ………… 130-160A
Shielded 25mm
TH-50
Metal Ark
Cool Slowly Air Cooling
Figure 2. Welding procedure
Plastic Mold Steel
CENA1
Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1
®
Concept of CENA1
CENA1 is a high performance plastic mold with rust resistivity and excellent
machinability. CENA1 has excellent purity and suit for critical surface finish.
Better HI-PM38
CENA1
Rust Resistivity
HI-P M7
Machinability Better
Hardness Rust Mirror EDM
Grade (HRC) Machinability Resistivity Polishability Crepability Finishability
CENA1 37-42 B B A A A
HI-PMPRO 37-41 B C A A A
HI-PM7 29-33 A D C C C
HI-PM38 50-55 C A A B A
(excellent “A” ⇔ poor “D”)
Application
• Weldless molds, Heat & cool molds (Molds that rust preventing)
e.g. Glossy molding of TV bezel, Glossy molding , Molding for products with high quality surface of mobile
equipments parts, OA equipments parts, auto parts. thick transparent parts for game machine , etc.
• Mold requiring sensitive surface as mirror polishing, creping and EDM
e.g. Mold of housing of mobile equipments, video camera, home electronics (ex. Vacuum cleaner, Air
conditioner), auto parts (ex. Inner panel, Transparent cover), cosmetics case, bottle
• General molds for long life: Making the maintenance easy by rust resistance increase
• Mold of food container
• Rubber mold
Rust Resistivity
CENA1 has improved rust resistivity compared with conventional 40HRC prehardened grade.
• Improvement of corrosion problem on mold surface by resins.

• Decreased rust formation at cooling water hole makes cooling effect stable.
• Fewer rust problem in storage, transportadion, or usage of mold
• Much less rust formation on WEDM surface
Rust Resistivity of Polished Surface
Conventional P21
CENA1 HI-PM MAGIC P20Ni Improved Grade
【Condition】
Finished by #800 emery paper,
Temperature: 80℃
Humidity: 90％
2 hour hold
CENA1 increases mold durability against corrosion by gas generated from resin.
Gas generated from resin often becomes high temperature by injection pressure and corrode the mold.
It brings cloudiness of mirror surface and burr of injected parts. CENA1 improves above gas-corrosion
resistance by alloy combination.
Accelerated Gas-corrosion Tests:

Change on Mirror-Finished Mold Surface after Injection Molding Tests
Resin
POM Flame Retardant ABS
Steel Grade
CENA1
Conventional
P21 Improved
Grade
5 mm 50μm 5 mm
<Figure>
Accelerated gas-corrosion tests by a mold that is made to shut gas intentionally.
Observation results of mirror-finished mold surface after 3000 shots of POM and ABS flame retardant grade.
Machinability
CENA1 decrease tool wear in endmilling and promote cutting efficiency.
• CENA1 can promote cutting efficiency

• CENA1 can decrease tool-change frequency drastically.
• Smooth cut surface of CENA1 makes after-polishing easier.
Endmilling Example
This sample was machined by one endmill for 22 hours.
Machined surface roughness is very smooth.
L/D=250 0.12mm
Incline：1.5°
30mm
Rz = 2.3 mm
Ra75 = 0.26 mm
40mm 40mm
Roughness curve (Longitudinal: × 2,000, Horizontal × 50) 1.69mm
(μm)
Tool: φ 3.0 2 teeth,
10
EPDR2030-30-05-TH (Hitachi Tool)
5 Machine: MAKINO V33
Cutting Verocity: 50 m/min (5300 min -1)
0
Feed: 0.06 mm/tooth (640 mm/min)
−5 Cutting Depth: 0.06 mm
Pick Feed: 0.12 mm
−10 Dry (Air Blow)
0 1 2 3 (mm) Cutting time: 22 Hr
Number of tool use: 1
Same condition cutting on conventional P21 steel needs 2 endmills.
Mirror Polishability
CENA1 has very low non-metallic inclusion content and excellent mirror polishability.
Mirror Polishability Comparison

60
HI-PM38
Hardness (HRC)
50
40 CENA1
HI-PM MAGIC
HI-PM PRO
30 HI-PM7
#3000 #8000 #14000

Polishing Grain size No.
Crepability EDM Finishability

CENA1 has good EDM Finishability.
CENA1 has homogenized micro As surface hardened layer is much
structure and good crepability. less than conventional grades, CENA1
CENA1 is suitable for precise creping. is able to be polished easier after EDM
machining.
CENA1
100×100×50 (mm)
Photo Etching Sample Non-glare Treatment Sample EDM Finished
*EDM surface Etching ... Sand blasting treatment is needed 【Condition】

before etching. Machine : HQSF(MAKINO), EDGE2S #108
Solution : Paraol 250
*Welded Surface Etching ... Post-heating ( ≧ 200 ℃) after Additive : μSC (0.8-1.0g/L)
welding is needed before etching. Electrode : Gr 78.0mm (EDM depth 1.0mm)
Cu 79.2mm (EDM depth 0.4mm)
Cu 79.7mm (EDM depth 0.15mm)
Nitriding Property
By nitriding, 1000HV surface hardness is obtained easily on CENA1, that is effctive
against wearing of slide core or reinforced resin mold.
Hardness Profile of Nitrided Cross-section
1200
Vacuum Nitriding 510℃×10h
1000
Hardness (HV)
800 CENA1
600
Conventional P21
400 Improved Grade
200
0
0
0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
Distance from surface (mm)
*The care is necessary to avoid breakage by over-hardening especially for small dia. pin or sharp
edge part. It is recommended to apply lower nitriding temperature or weak nitriding condition.
Weldability
As welded area hardness variety of CENA1 is less than conventional grades, mold is
able to be repaired and finished easily.
500
Hardness (HV)
Welding 400
Tempering
Pre-heating Post-heating 450-550℃
200-450℃ 200-400℃ 300
1h/25mm HAZ* HAZ*
Metal base Welded zone Metal base
200
＞100℃ Air -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
Cooling
(mm)
Distance from Center
*HAZ: Heat-Affected Zone
Welding Procedure Example Measured Surface Hardness of Welded Area
Welding repair is recommended to be done by TIG welding with CENA1-W rod.
Mechanical Properties Representative value of flat bar 50t×400W.
Hardness Tensile Strength 0.2%Yield Strength Elongation Reduction of Area 2U Charpy impact value
Grade
(HRC) (N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) (%) (J/cm2)
CENA1 40 1,225 1,150 15 50 20
Physical Properties
Specific Gravity 7.78
Thermal Conductivity （m・K）

W/
Grade 20℃ 100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃
CENA1 20.5 22.9 25.9 28.2 30.5
Thermal Expansion Coefficient Average value from 30˚C, ×10-6/˚C
Grade 100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃
CENA1 10.8 11.5 12.0 12.4
Young's Modulus 205GPa
Actual Performance
Rust Resistivity
Application Comparison of Actual Performance with Conventional Grade by Customers
Electronics Parts Least rusting during WEDM for 1 week. Rust removing process becomes unnecessary.
Mechanical Parts Resistant to corrosive gas generated by advanced engineering resins. Mold durability is improved.
Machinability and EDM Finishability
• Carbide endmill tool life is doubled.

Acrylic Lens • Easy to mirror polish EDM surface.
• Many small pins were made by EDM machining. Better EDM surface has been obtained
TV Speaker
compared with conventional grade.
• Good machinability in ball endmilling.

Auto Head-light • Smooth surface machined with 0.4R ball endmill makes polishing easy.
Lens
CENA1 and Weldless Molds

CENA1 is most suitable for weldless molds for which temperature control
is required, because surface condition of heating and cooling holes comes
to be less corrosive and more stable. CENA1 is widely used for the
products such as TV frame and video camera for better surface condition.
Weldless Molds
High Speed Tool Steels
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
Chemical compositions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

(mass%)
JIS AISI/ASTM
Grade equivalent W.Nr C Cr W Mo V Co
DIN/ISO
M2
YXM1 SKH51 1.3343 0.80-0.90 3.80-4.50 6.00-7.00 4.80-5.80 1.80-2.30 −
HS6-5-2
−
YXM4 SKH55 1.3243 0.85-0.95 3.80-4.50 6.00-7.00 4.80-5.80 1.80-2.30 4.50-5.50
Conventional High Speed Tool Steels
HS6-5-2-5
Molybdenum
HSS YXM27 − − 1.15-1.25 3.80-4.50 4.80-5.80 5.80-6.80 2.60-2.80 −
M42
YXM42 SKH59 1.3247 1.00-1.10 3.50-4.25 1.25-2.00 9.00-10.00 1.00-1.50 7.75-8.75
HS2-9-1-8
YXM60 − − 1.00-1.10 3.80-4.50 5.00-6.00 6.00-7.00 1.50-1.80 7.50-8.50
Vanadium −
XVC5 SKH57 1.3207 1.20-1.30 3.80-4.50 9.00-11.00 3.00-4.00 3.20-3.70 9.50-10.50
HSS
HS10-4-3-10
Tungsten T1
HSS YHX2 SKH2 1.3355 0.73-0.83 3.80-4.50 17.00-18.00 − 0.80-1.20 −
HS18-0-1
Matrix
YXR3 HSS − 0.6 4.3 − 2.9 1.8 −
Matrix Matrix
YXR33 HSS − 0.5 4.2 1.6 2.0 1.2 1.0 or less
HSS
Matrix
YXR7 HSS − 0.8 4.7 1.3 5.5 1.3 −
P/M High Speed Tool Steels
HAP10 − − 1.30-1.40 4.50-5.50 2.50-3.50 5.50-6.50 3.60-4.00 −
−
HAP40 SKH40 − 1.27-1.37 3.70-4.70 5.60-6.40 4.60-5.40 2.80-3.30 7.50-8.50
HS6-5-3-8
HAP50 − − 1.54-1.64 3.70-4.70 7.50-8.50 5.50-6.50 3.80-4.30 7.50-8.50
HAP72 − − 2.02-2.32 3.70-4.70 9.00-10.00 8.00-8.50 4.80-5.10 9.00-10.00
HAP5R − − 0.9 4.3 2.0 3.0 3.0 −
HSS: High Speed Tool Steel
YSS High Speed Tool Steels are used not only for cutting tools but also
various forming tools which require higher wear resistance and
toughness. Along with conventional type steels, there are some grades
made by powder metallurgy process (HAP series) that has superb wear
resistance and toughness because of higher alloy content and uniform
fine microstructure.
Yasugi (Kaigan) Works
Features of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Grade Features
YXM1 Standard Molybdenum high speed steel with superior toughness
YXM4 Standard Cobalt alloyed Molybdenum high speed steel with superior heat resistance
Molybdenum
HSS YXM27 High Vanadium high speed steel with good wear resistance and grindability
YXM42 Super-hard high speed steel suitable for cutting for hard materials
YXM60 High-performance high speed steel with superior durability, toughness and grindability
Vanadium
HSS XVC5 High-performance Cobalt alloyed Vanadium high speed steel with wear/heat resistance
Tungsten
YHX2 Standard Tungsten high speed steel
HSS
YXR3 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with superior toughness
Matrix
YXR33 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with most superior toughness
HSS
YXR7 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with superior strength/toughness
HAP10 Superior toughness effective to avoid chipping
HAP40 Most standard grade with good balance of hardness, toughness and wear resistance
HAP50 Higher hardness, good heat and wear resistance
HAP72 Good heat wear resistance and highest obtainable hardness of 70HRC
HAP5R Toughest P/M high speed steel
Outstanding Features;
・High toughness
・High wear resistance
・Stabilized heat treatment property
・Stable performance due to uniform and fine carbide distribution
・Good mechanical properties coming from fine and uniform grain size
・High purity with least inclusions and gases
Characteristics of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Characteristics of steels
ce
an
rm
fo
er
e p
ic h
rv ig
HAP72
se or h
: stnadard steel (JIS equivalent)

F
: original steel
XVC5 P/M high speed steel
Strength
HAP40
YXM4
Wear resistance, Strength　
CRD HAP10
YXM1 Toughness
Strength HAP5R
Wear resistance YXR7
SLD-MAGIC Matrix high speed steel
SLD
YXR3
ARK1 Toughness
Air hardened steel
ACD37
Excellent machinability
YXR33
SGT
HMD5
tion mall
duc d s
Flame hardend
pro plifie
steel 40HRC pre-hardened steel

YCS3
Sim
HI-PM MAGIC
Toughness
Properties Comparison Table

Strength at elevated Quench and tempered
Grade Wear resistance Machinability Toughness
temperature hardness
YXM1 A C C C B
YXM4 A C B C B
YXM27 B C B C B
YXM42 A B A B C
YXM60 A B A B C
XVC5 A C A D D
YHX2 A C C B C
YXR3 D D D A A
YXR33 C D D A A
YXR7 D C C C B
HAP10 D C A B B
HAP40 B B A C B
HAP50 B B A B B
HAP72 B A A D D
HAP5R D D C B A
Excellent “A”→ Ordinary “C”→ Poor “E”
Characteristics of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Wear resistance (Ogoshi method) Wear resistance (Abrasive Wear)
Grade （
Hardness （mm3（mm
Specific wear / 2
・mm）
x10-7） Grade （
Hardness Wear(Volume loss; YXM1=1)
HRC） HRC）
0.5 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
YXM1 65.5 YXM1 65 Rotate Test picece(φ6)
YXM4 66.0 YXM4 65 Slide
YXM27 66.0 XVC5 67 Sandpaper
XVC5 67.0 YXR3 61
YXR33 58.0 YXR33 58
YXR3 59.0 HAP10 65
YXR7 65.0 HAP72 70
HAP5R 60.7 SKD11 59
HAP10 64.0 Test condition

Sandpaper : Al2O3＃500 Revolution : 980rpm Friction length : 1000mm
HAP40 67.2 Lubricant : dry Load : 49N (5kgf)
HAP72 70.0
SKD11 60.5
SKD61 55.5 1.85
Test condition
Co-friction material：SCM415 Friction length：400m
Load：67N (6.8kgf) Friction speed：0.78m/sec
Charpy impact value Bending strength
250 600 YXR3 6000

25
(kgf・m/cm2)
HAP5R
YXR7
(kgf/mm2)
ARK1
(J/cm2)
20 200 500 HAP10 5000

YXM1
YXR33 YSM YXM4 HAP40
(N/mm2)
10R Charpy Impact Value
15 150 4000
400
Bending Strength
SLD
HAP5R YXM27
ARK1 YXR3
10 100 XVC5 HAP72
300 3000
SGT
6 60 V6
HAP10 V5
SLD8 YXR7 YXM1 200 2000
4 40 CRD V4
SLD cemented carbide
HAP40
2 HAP72 20
YXM4
XVC5 100 1000
0 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 0
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
Continuous Cutting test by turning tool Grindability

1,800
HAP10
1,500
HAP40
1,200
HAP50
Tool life (s)
900 Cutting condition

Work : SKT4(357HB) HAP72 Surface grinder
Machine : Automatic lathe Wheel : PA80K74
600
Tool tip shape : 8-15-6-6-20-15-0.5R Wheel speed :1,820m/min
SKH51
Cutting speed : 25m/min Infeed : 5μm/Pass
300 Depth of cut : 1mm Total infeed : 0.5mm
Feed : 0.3mm/rev SKH57 Wet grinding
0 Dry cutting
50 100 150
YXM42
YXM60
HAP40
HAP50
HAP72
Grade
YXM1
YXM4
YHX2
XVC5
Index of grindability (SKH51=100)
Recommended grade by application of

Cutting tools （　）
shows standard employed hardness/HRC.
Recommended Grade
Application
For general use For hard material cutting For high speed heavy duty cutting
Tool bit XVC5（65-68）, HAP72（69-71）
YXM60, YXM42（66-68）
Drill YXM1（63-66） HAP40, HAP50（66-68）
HAP50（66-68）, HAP72（68-70）
YXM27（65-67）, HAP10
Tap YXM1（63-66） YXM27（65-67）, HAP40（65-67）
HAP40（65-67）, HAP72（68-70）
Reamer YXM1（63-66） YXM4, YXM60（65-67） YXM4（64-67）
YXM42, YXM60（65-67） YXM4, XVC5（65-67）

Milling cutter YXM1（63-66）
HAP40（66-68） HAP40, HAP50（66-68）
YXM1, YXM4（64-66） XVC5（66-68）, HAP50（66-69）

End mill YXM60（67-69）, HAP72（69-71） HAP72（69-71）
YXM60（67-69）
YXM60（66-68）, HAP10 YXM27（65-67）, HAP10

Broach YXM1（63-66）, YXM4（64-67）
HAP40, HAP50（66-68） HAP40, HAP50（66-68）
Hob YXM4, YXM1（64-66） YXM60（67-69）, HAP50（67-69） HAP40, HAP50（66-68）
Pinion cutter YXM1, YXM4（63-65） HAP40（65-67） HAP10, HAP40（64-66）
YXM27（65-67）
Shaving cutter YXM1（64-66）
YXM42, YXM60（66-68）
Rack cutter YXR7, YXM1（63-66） YXM4（65-67） YXM4（65-67）
Chaser YXM1（62-65） YXM27（65-67）, HAP10（65-67） YXM4, YXM27（65-67）
Metal saw YXM1（63-66）
Hack saw YXM1（62-65） YXM42（66-68）, HAP40（66-68） YXM42（66-68）, HAP40（66-68）
Metal band saw YXM42（66-68） HAP50（66-68）
YXR3（58-61）
Wood cutter YXM42（66-68） YXM4（65-67）
YXM1, YHX2（62-65）
Recommended grade by application of

Cold working tools （　）
shows standard employed hardness/HRC.
Recommended Grade
Required
Application hardness range For mass production use
For general use
（HRC）
Blanking die 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R
Sheet use 55 - 60 HMD5 (flame hardening type) SLD, SLD-MAGIC ARK1

Blanking
die
Die for
cold press Heavy plate, high-tensile steel 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R
Sheet use 58 - 62 SLD SLD-MAGIC ARK1

Bender
swaging
dies
Heavy plate, high-tensile steel 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC XVC5 YXM1
Male die 58 - 63 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP40 YXR7, YXR3, HAP10

Cold
working
dies
Female die 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP10 YXR3, YXR7, HAP5R
Cold
working
dies
Male die 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, YXR3
Cold
heading
dies
Female die 55 - 60 YSM SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1,YXR7, YXR3
Thread rolling dies 58 - 64 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXR7, YXM1, SLD10
Rolls Cold rolling mill rolls 80HS Min SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP50, HAP40
Thin material (under 3 mm) 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40 YXR3, YXR7
Other Triming
dies
Thick material (3 mm or over) 50 - 55 DAC, DM
Drawing dies 57 - 62 YXM1, CRD XVC5
Cold hobbing dies 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1
Thin material plate (under 3mm) 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, YXR7 YXR3
Shearing
blades
(Straight Medium material plate (3mm to 9mm) 53 - 58 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXR33
Machine blades)
cutlery
Heavy material plate (10 mm or over) 48 - 53 DM
Rotary shear, slitters 54 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40
Standard heat treatment conditions of

Temperature（℃） Hardness
Grade
Quenched and
Annealing Quenching Tempering Annealed (HBW) tempered
(HRC)
800-880 (1)1,220-1,240 550-570

YXM1 255 Max 63 Min
Slow cooling (2)1,200-1,220 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling
800-880 (1)1,230-1,250 560-580

YXM4 277 Max 64 Min
YXM27 800-880 1,180-1,210 550-580

255 Max 64 Min
Slow cooling Oil(hot bath) Air cooling
820-880 (1)1,190-1,210 520-590

YXM42 285 Max 66 Min
820-880 (1)1,190-1,210 560-590

YXM60 285 Max 66 Min
820-880 (1)1,230-1,250 550-580

XVC5 285 Max 64 Min
820-880 (1)1,270-1,290 560-580

YHX2 248 Max 62 Min
800-880 (1)1,150-1,170 560-590

YXR3 241 Max 57 Min
YXR33 800-880 1,080-1,140 550-600

241 Max 56 Min
800-880 (1)1,160-1,180 540-580

YXR7 241 Max 62 Min
820-880 (1)1,170-1,190 550-580 (1) 65-66

HAP10 269 Max
Slow cooling (2)1,050-1,170 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling (2) 58-65
820-880 (1)1,180-1,210 560-580 (1) 66-68

HAP40 277 Max
820-880 (1)1,200-1,220 560-580 (1) 67-69

HAP50 293 Max
HAP72 820-880 1,180-1,210 560-580

352 Max 68-70
HAP5R 820-880 1,120-1,160 530-580

269 Max 58-62
Remarks (1) Tools required for high strength at elevated temperature
(2) Tools required for higher toughness
Standard heat treatment conditions of

Annealing
1. All material is delivered as spheroidized annealed condition.
2. When used after reforging, spheroidized annealing is to be done before hardening.
3. Stress relief annealing is to be done in order to remove stress occured by cold working such as cold
drawing, cold rolling or cutting and machining.
• Heating temperature : 650-750˚C
(to aim higher temperature when softening is required)
• Holding time :1h/25mm thickness
Holding time of austenitizing

Preheating time 1st stage : 30 minutes for every 25 mm of
the tool at 500-550˚C
2nd stage : (Ta × 2) at 850˚C Preheating is (Ta × 2) at 900˚C for small thickness (50 mm max.)
and simple shape tools, and wherever facilities are limited.
3nd stage : (Ta × 2) at 1,050˚C
The first stage can be omitted for small tools.
Tools of ordinary shape
Austenitizing temperature
Holding time
T
2nd stage preheating Refer to
850˚C the table
1st stage preheating (Remarks) As for simple figure tools, 1st

Holding time quenching × 2 Tempering
500-550˚C 450-550˚C Slow cooling stage preheating can be
skipped and oil quenching can
30min/25mm be applied instead of hot salt
30min/25mm bath quenching.
About 80˚C For complex figure tools, 3rd
stage preheat (1,050˚C)
applying is preferable.
Holding time at austenitizing temperature (Ta)

Thickness
Heating furnace (mm) 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Time
Holding time (sec) 60 90 160 240 280 350 390 420 440 495
Salt bath
Magnification(Holding time/Thickness) ×12 ×9 ×8 ×8 ×7 ×7 ×6.5 ×6 ×5.5 ×5.5
(Remarks) Holding time in salt bath = dipping time
Holding time at tempering temperature (Tt)

Thickness (mm) ≦ 25 26 - 35 36 - 64 65 - 84 85 - 124 125 - 174 175 - 249 250 - 349 350 - 499
Tempering holding time (hour) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
(Remarks) Tempering is needed more than 2 times for grades containing no cobalt and needed more
than 3 times for grades cobalt alloyed in order to make it tough enough.
Standard heat treatment conditions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

YXM1 Y XM4 YXM27 Y XM4 2

70 70 70 70
68 68 1,220℃
68 69
1,260℃ 1,210℃ 1,200℃
1,240℃
1,220℃ 66 1,240℃ 66
66 1,180℃
1,220℃ 68
1,190℃
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
64 64
64 1,170℃ 67
62 1,200℃ 62
1,200℃
62 1,180℃ 1,160℃ 1,160℃

66
60 60
1,180℃
1,160℃
60 65
58 58
58 56 56 64
500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580
Tempering temperature
（℃） Tempering temperature
（℃）
YXM6 0 XVC5 YH X2
70 68
70 1,300℃
1,280℃
68 66
1,260℃ 1,260℃
1,200℃
1,240℃
68 66 64
1,180℃ 1,220℃
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
1,200℃
64 62
1,240℃
66
1,180℃ 1,220℃
1,160℃ 62 60
1,160℃ 1,200℃
64 60 58
1,180℃
62 58 56
520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 620
（℃）
66
YXR3 YXR33 YXR7
62 70
64 60
1,125℃ 68
62 1,150℃ 58
1,140℃ 1,180℃
1,175℃
60 56 66 1,160℃
Hardness （HRC）
1,120℃
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
58 54
64
1,080℃
56 52
1,140℃
54 50 62
52 48 1,120℃
60
50 46
48 44 58
500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 520 540 560 580 600
（℃）
Standard heat treatment conditions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

HAP1 0 H AP40 HAP50

68 70
70
1,200℃ 1,200℃
1,180℃ 1,200℃
1,180℃ 1,160℃ 1,220℃
66 1,160℃ 68
1,140℃
1,140℃ 68
64 1,120℃
66
1,180℃
62 66
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
64 1,160℃
60
1,120℃ 64
62
58
1,100℃
1,100℃ 60 1,075℃
62
56
1,075℃
1,050℃
1,050℃ 58
54 1,025℃
1,025℃ 60
52 56
520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600
（℃）
HAP7 2 H AP5R
72
66
1,200℃
70 1,180℃
64
1,160℃
1,220℃
68 62
1,180℃
Hardness （HRC）
Hardness （HRC）
1,160℃ 1,140℃
66 60
1,120℃
64 58
1,100℃
62 56
60 54
500 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600
（℃）
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・The characteristics listed on this catalog are representative values

and they do not guarantee the quality of the product.
・This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice.
・Do not duplicate this catalog without a permission from Hitachi
Metals, Ltd.
・Please contact a representative of our Specialty Steel Division if
there are any questions or problems.
Our address and contact indicated in this catalog are those as of January 2015.
If you cannot put a call through, please contact our Corporate Communications
Office in Tokyo below.
Hitachi Metals, Ltd.

Corporate Communiations Office
Tel: +81-3-5765-4076 Fax: +81-3-5765-8312
January 2015 (PDF)

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General Catalog of

Cold Work Tool Steel

Hot Work Tool Steels

Die Steels For Die Casting

Plastic Mold Steels

Plastic Mold Steel

High Speed Tool Steels

Types of YSS cold work tool steels

Color JIS equivalent AISI DIN WNr. C Si Mn Cr W Mo V Co Others

SLD SKD11 D2 1.2379 １．

ARK1 Original steel 0.7 0.3 ０．

SGT SKS3 O1 1.2510 １．

ACD37 Original steel A4 ０．

HMD5 Original steel ０．

HI-PM MAGIC Original steel 40HRC pre-hardened steel

YXM1 SKH51 M2 1.3343 ０．

YXM4 SKH55 1.3243 ０．

HAP40 SKH40 1.3244 １．

HAP72 P/M high

Applications in cold work dies

For general sheet use 55-60 HMD5 SLD, SLD-MAGIC ARK1

Types of YSS cold work tool steels

SLD10 Extreamly high hardness with excellent toughness in die

YCS3 Carbon tool steel for small production to be quenched in oil.

Steel for flame hardening, resulting in high hardness and

High speed steel with high abrasion resistance and

High speed steel to prevent from abrasion, seizure and

Applications in cold work dies

For heavy plate 48-53 DM, ACD8

Characteristics of YSS cold work tool steels

Wear resistance HAP10

Characteristics of YSS cold work tool steels

Characteristics of YSS cold work tool steels

（N/mm2） （kgf/mm2） （N/mm2） （kgf/mm2）

SLD-MAGIC 12.2 16.5 209

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels

Quenching temperature Quenching temperature

750 - 800℃ 850℃

Holding time Holding time

Holding time at austenitizing temperature Holding time at austenitizing temperature

Refer to the table

Holding time for tempering (h) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1. All material is delivered as spheroidized annealed condition.

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels

SLD10 830 - 880 Slow cooling

ARK1 ≦248 1,010 -1,040 Air cool Air cool

HMD5 ≦235 Flame hardening 940 - 1100℃ ─ 825 - 875 Slow cooling

(1) Simple shape tools

SLD φ170 φ550

Half temperature time (min) 〔※：Air cool, ☆：Oil quench〕

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels

1,050℃ Oil quench 820℃ Oil quench

YXM1 YXR7 YXR3 YXR33

Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃）

HAP5R HAP10 HAP40 HAP72

Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃）

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels

Dimensional changes rate (%)

The retained austenite

Dimentional change ratio after 2 months from heat treatment (%)

Tempering temperature 2hr, twice（℃） Tempering temperature 2hr, twice（℃）

Improvement processes of YSS cold work tool steels in

Countermeasure SLD-MAGIC YXM1 HAP40 HAP72

（N/mm2）（kgf/mm2）（N/mm2）（kgf/mm2）

ARK1 ≦248 1,010 -1,040　 Air cool Air cool

HMD5 ≦235 Flame hardening　940 - 1100℃ ─ 825 - 875 Slow cooling

　 ●Toughness of Isoropy DAC