A review quiz on Transformer: Tick the correct answer

Marks: 2X15=30

1. Based on construction, what are the two types of transformer?

a. Potential and current transformer
b. Single phase and three phase transformer
c. Core and Shell type transformer
2. An assumption for ideal transformer is
a. Turns ratio ‘a’ is unity
b. Internal equivalent impedance Zeq is zero
c. Core loss is equal to copper loss
3. Find the total impedance seen by the load for the circuit given below:

a. 72.66-j27
b. 12.66+j3
c. 4.54-j1.69
4. Which one is the exact equivalent circuit of the transformer
a. . I R Lp I R’ 1L’ I’ 1 1 2 2 2

Inl
Ic Im
V1 V’2 Load
RC Lm

b. Ip I1 R1 R’2 L1 L’2 I’2

Inl
Req Leq
Ic Im
V1 V’2 Load
RC Lm

Ideal
c. Ip R1 L1 I1 Transformer R2 L2 I2
Inl
Ic Im
V1 E1 E2 V2 Load
RC Lm

5. A large transformer is operating at no-load and drawing a current of 2.5 A from a voltage
source of 230V,50Hz. Power consumed during this condition is 200W(core loss). What are
the values of Ic and , Im?
a. 8.7 and 23.34 A
b. 0.087 and 0.234A
c. 0.87 and 2.34A
6. Usefulness of pu system is
a. Automatic impedance transfer
b. Automatic current transfer
c. Automatic phasor transfer

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 7. A single phase transformer rated at 3MVA, 69kV/4.16kV, 50Hz has total internal impedance
Z’eq =127 Ohm referred to primary side. Find the voltage regulation from no load to full load
for a 2MW resistive load for a fixed primary voltage of 69kV.
a. 0.14%
b. 0.12%
c. 0.10%
8. A transformer is rated 250kVA, 4160V/480V, 50Hz has % impedance equal to 5.1% (i.e.
Zeq,pu). Calculate the base impedance on the primary and secondary side and also total
impedance referred to primary side.
a. 200,0.2 and 2 ohms
b. 69, 0.92 and 3.52 ohms
c. 96,0.29 and 2.53 ohms
9. What is the main difference between an autotransformer and a conventional transformer?
a. Variable output voltage
b. No primary and secondary
c. No core
10. A current transformer has a ratio of 1500A/5A, how many turns does it have?
a. 1
b. 300
c. 3.333e-3
11. The nameplate of a small transformer indicates 50VA, 120V/ 12.8V. When 120V is applied at
no load, the secondary voltage is 13.88V. Why is this voltage higher than the nameplate
voltage?
a. Nameplate is wrong.
b. Transformer is wrongly rated.
c. Nameplate rating gives full load voltage.
12. Two single phase transformers of rating 150kVA, 7.2kV/0.6kV are connected in open delta .
Calculate the maximum 3phase load they can carry-
a. 260kVA
b. 300kVA
c. 171kVA
13. Which of the following connection is seldom used in three phase transformer?
a. Y-Delta
b. Delta-Delta
c. Y-Y
14. What is the condition for maximum efficiency
a. Copper loss is double to core loss
b. Copper loss is equal the core loss
c. Copper loss is half of core loss
15. What is the purpose of laminated core?
a. Reduce cost
b. Reduce eddy current loss
c. Reduce hysteresis loss

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Solution of the numerical problems:

3. Find the total impedance seen by the load for the circuit given below:

Ans:

a  1/ 4
Z1  4  j 2
Z1
Z1   64  j 32,
a2
Z L  8.66  j 5
 Z tot  Z L  Z1  72.66  j27

5. A large transformer is operating at no-load and drawing a current of 2.5 A from a voltage source of
230V,50Hz. Power consumed during this condition is 200W(core loss). What are the values of Ic and ,
Im?

Ans:

I NL  2.5 A
Pc  200W , V  230V
Pc
Ic   0.8695
V
I m  I NL
2
 I c2  2.34 A

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7. A single phase transformer rated at 3MVA, 69kV/4.16kV, 50Hz has total internal impedance Z’eq
=127 Ohm referred to primary side. Find the voltage regulation from no load to full load for a 2MW
resistive load for a fixed primary voltage of 69kV.

Ans:

I1 R1 a2R2 jX1 ja2X2

V1
Ip
I’2Z’eq
I 2' Xeq
Inl L
Ic
Req jXeq
Load
s V2'
Im
V1 R jXm
V’2
Z’Load I 2' Req
C Zeq

I 2'

V1  V2
% Regulation =
V2

In the question primary voltage V1 is fixed at 69kV. We need to find V’2 and I2’. All quantities
need to be referred to primary.

 4.16e3  8.65, ,
2
V22
Z Load  
PLoad 2e6
2

  a 2 Z Load  
69 
Z Load  8.65  2380, 
 4.16 
Z eq  127, 
  Z Load
Z total   Z eq
V1 69e3
I1    28.88 A  I 2

Z total 8.65  2380
V1  69e3
V2  I 2 Z Load
  28.88  2380  68.902kV
69e3  68.902e3
 % Re g   0.14%
68.902

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8. A transformer is rated 250kVA, 4160V/480V, 50Hz has % impedance equal to 5.1% (i.e. Zeq,pu).
Calculate the base impedance on the primary and secondary side and also total impedance referred to
primary side.

Ans:

Pbase _1  250kVA Pbase _ 2  250kVA

Vbase _1  4160V Vbase _ 2  480V
250e3 250e3
I base _1   60.1A I base _ 2   520.8 A
4160 480
4160 480
Z base _1   69.22 Z base _ 2   0.926
60.1 520.8

Z eq , pu  5.1%  0.051 pu

 Z eq  0.051 69.22  3.53

12. Two single phase transformers of rating 150kVA, 7.2kV/0.6kV are connected in open delta .
Calculate the maximum 3phase load they can carry-

Ans:

Popen _   3V p I p
150e3
Ip   20.833 A
7.2e3
 Popen _   3V p I p  3  7.2e3  20.833  260kVA

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