criminal etiology-is division of criminoogy

biological approach-act through biological perspective. ex Heredity

Psychiatric approach- crminal psychiatry(miind)

psychological approach-Criminal psychology(behavior)

Sociological.approach-cause by social factors.

geographical " -geographical loaction triggers criminal behavior.

Demographical "-relationship bet. criminality and population

Epidemiological "- causes transmission of crime w/ a population

Ecology "- interactions of the people w/ thier natural or developed environment.

Economic "- distribution of wealth.

Victimology-study of the role of victim.

category of crime theories

a. geographical factors

1.North and south pole-thermic law and deliquency

2. Approach to the equator-accd. to the Montesquieu(spiritoflaws 1748)

3. Season of the year-more crime committed during summer that in rainy season.

4. Soil formation-in fertile level.lands

5. month of the year-crime duribg warm month from april up.to july

6. Temperature- arrest increases as temperature becoms warmer.

7. humidity and atmosphere pressure-large number of assault is correlatef w/ low humidity area.

8. wind velocity- durung high wind, the number of arrest is less.

b. Biological theories

I. anthropological criminology-reffered to as criminal anthropology.

Theories of criminal anthropology

1. Physiognomy-based upon the idea that the assesment of person's outer appearance.
2.Phrenology-theory w/c claims to determine character.

3. Body type theories

Physique theory by ernest kretschmer

a. asthenic type-skinny, ribs easily counted and slender type body

b. Athletic type-is broad shoulder

c.Pyknic type-has short stubby hands

d. Dyplastic or mixed type-commits an offense against decency and morality

4.Somatotype Theory by William Sheldon- primary determinantd of behavior and the physique is reliable
indicatornof.personality.

Three somatotypes

1.Endomorphic-relatively pre-domimance of soft, roundness.

2. Mesomorphic-high rate of muscle growth.

3. Ectomorphic-Thin physique, flat chest

II. Proofs of heredity in the development of criminality

*study of Kalikkak Family tree(1914)

this study was made possible by henry H. Goddard. meaning (beauty)"kallos" with "bad"(kakos).

Study of Juke Family Tree (1877)

*richard Dugdale" 19'th century view od "Degeneracy".

Study of Sir Jonathan Edward Family Tree.

*famous preacher during colonial period.

Charles Gorinf (1913)

*Study of 3,000 prisoners

C. Psychological Positivism and Psychological Factors

1. Psychodynamic or Psychoanalytical Theory (sigmund freud)

a. Id- instict of social drive

b Ego-sensory stimuli
c. Super ego- Conscience of man.

1.Differential assoc.(Edwin Sutherland)

2.Diff. identification(Daniel Classer)

3.Imitation(Gabriel Tarde)

4.Conflict of culture(Thorsten Sellin)

5. Containment(waltet reckless)

6. Anomie (David Emile)

7.Strain(Robert King)

8. Syb-culture(albert Cohen)

9. Diff. Opportunity(richard Cloward)

10.Labeling (FrankTennenbaum)

1. Capitalism(Karl.max)

12. control(Travis Hirschi)

13.Human ecology(Robert Ezra)

14. Neutralization(Gresham)