SUPERSTRUCTURECALCULATION

DESIGN CALCULATION OF
BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE AT
CH:444/150
DESIGN OF DECK-SLAB
1.0 INTRODUCTION :
The Bridge Deck essentially consists of concrete slab monolithically cast over longitudinal girder so that the
T-beam effect prevails.To improve transverse stiffness to the deck ,crossgirders or diaphragms are provided
at regular intervals. The number of longitudinal girders depends on the width of road. For analysis purpose the
deck slab is modelled over STAAD-Pro as simply supported over two sides with over-hang on each side.After
Application of Vehicular load as per IRC the deck is designed for most critical combination.
2.0 DESIGN DATA:
3
i Density of concrete = 2.50 t/m
ii Grade of concrete = M- 35
iii Grade of steel = Fe- 500
iv Reinforcement = HYSD bars conforming to IS: 1786
v Span = 24 m
vi Deck width = 16 m
vii Impact Factor = 15.00 % For Class-A (Ref. Cl. 208.1 IRC 6:2017)
= 10 % 70R Tracked
= 25 % 70r Wheeled
viii Thickness of wearing coat = 75 mm
ix Carriage way width = 11 m
x No of Lanes to be considered = 3
xi Footpath = 1.5 m
3.0 REFERENCES:
i. IRC: 6 - 2017
ii. IRC: 112 - 2011
15000
500 C/L Carriageway
200
130
2166 2030
0.325
625 625 625 625 625
2700 2650 2650 2650 2650 2700
(Ref: IRC 6:2017 Table B.2,Table B.3)
Partial Safety Factor for Partial Safety Factor for

Load Case verification of Serviceability
verification of structural Strength
Limit State
Quassi-
Basic Accidental Normal Rare Frequent
permanent
Combinatio Combinatio Combinatio Combinatio Combinatio
Combinatio
n n n n n
n
Dead load 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
SIDL 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Surfacing 1.75 1.00 1.00 1.20 1.20 1.20
Live Load 1.5 0.75 1.00 1.0 0.75 0.00
Braking 1.5 0.75 1.00 1.5 0.75 1.00
E.P. due to
backfill 1.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Pressure
C.F Force 1.50 0.75 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.00
Wind 1.50 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.00

Water Current 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00
4.0 DESIGN OF THE CANTILIVER SLAB PORTION
Dead load bending moment and shear force:
500 0
1887.5 mm
5
0 mm 2
200 mm 3
130 mm 4 330 mm
2387.5 mm Beam edge
Component Dead Load shear force/ Distance of Bending moment(t-m/m)

meter run(t/m) C.G.(m)
Railing (1) 1.2 2.054 2.465
Footpath(2) 0x1 x2.3875x2.5= 0.000 1.888 0.000
Slab Rectangular(3) 0.2x2.3875x1x2.5= 1.194 1.194 1.425
Slab triangular(4) (0.13x2.3875x1x2.5)1/2= 0.388 0.796 0.309
Wearing coat(5) 0.075x1.8875x1x2.5= 0.008 0.944 0.008
Total 1.590 t 4.206 t-m
Live load bending moment and shear force:

The minimum clear distance of 70 R vehicle edge from footpath edge is 1.2m,As available lear distance of Cantilever is
Only 1887.5 mm,Class 70R loading cannot be considered on cantilever portion. How ever Class A loading can
be cnsidered.For Calculating the effective effective length and effective width of dispersion average thickness can be
considered.
Cantiliver Portion (Ref.Annexure B-3 of IRC: 112-2011)
The over hang Portion is succeptable to only Footpath Load
Intensity of live load (P) = P'-(40L - 300)/9

2
P' = 0.4 t/m
Span(L) = 21 m
2
P = 0.34 t/m
Intensity of live load per meter width of Road = 0.51 t/m
0.51 t
943.75
200
130 330
2387.5
Bending moment owing to live load = 0.51x943.75 = 0.481 t-m

Load Combination for verification of Structural Strength
Design Bending moment
Basic Combination 1.35x4.206+1.5x0.481 = 6.400 t-m/m
Accidental Combination 1x4.206+0.75x0.481 = 4.567 t-m/m
Normal Combination 1x4.206+1x0.481 = 4.687 t-m/m
Design shear
Basic Combination 1.35x1.58978125+1.5x0.51 = 2.911 t/m
Accidental Combination 1x1.58978125+0.75x0.51 = 1.972 t/m
Normal Combination 1x1.58978125+1x0.51 = 2.100 t/m
Load Combination for verification of Serviceability Limit State
Design Bending moment
Rare Combination 1x4.206+1x0.481 = 4.687 t-m/m
Frequent Combination 1x4.206+0.75x0.481 = 4.567 t-m/m
Quassi-permanent Combination 1x4.206+0x0.481 = 4.206 t-m/m
Design shear
Rare Combination 1x1.58978125+1x0.51 = 1.972 t/m
Frequent Combination 1x1.58978125+0.75x0.51 = 1.590 t/m
Quassi-permanent Combination 1x1.58978125+0x0.51 = 2.100 t/m
OUTER GIRDER
End Section
Precast Section :
2 3 4 0.075
0.15
5
2.023
0.625
CG from
Width Height Type Area h Ah2
Zone Mark top
2 0.15 0.075 t 0.005625 0.025 1.007379 0.005708
3 0.325 0.075 r 0.024375 0.0375 0.994879 0.024126
4 0.15 0.075 t 0.005625 0.025 1.007379 0.005708
5 0.325 2.023 r 0.657475 1.0865 -0.05412 0.001926
Zone Mark Iz IY Ki IJ
2 1.76E-06 7.03E-06 0.229 2.11E-05
3 1.14E-05 0.000215 0.285 3.91E-05
4 1.76E-06 7.03E-06 0.229 2.11E-05
5 0.224228 0.005787 0.3 0.020834
Location of CG from top = 1.032379 m

Location of CG from bottom = -1.06562 m
Location of CG upto bottom of flenge = 1.032379 m
2
Area of Section = 0.6931 m
4
Moment of inertia about j axis = 0.020915 m
4
Moment of inertia about y axis = 0.006016 m
4
Moment of inertia about z axis = 0.261711 m
3
Section Modulus about Z top = 0.253503 m
3
Section Modulus about z bottom = -0.2456 m
3
Section Modulus about z bottom of top flange = 0.253503 m
Unit Weight per unit length = -1.73275 t/m
PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE SECTION :
2.700 1.325
0.3
5
CG from
Zone Mark top
Deck Slab 4.025 0.3 r 1.2075 0.15 0.431 0.027169
Precast section 0.693 1.332 -0.751 1.2304
Deck Slab 0.009056 1.63 0.318 0.034559
Precast section 0.261711 0.0060 0.020915

2
4
4
4
3
3
MID SPAN SECTION

Precast Section
2 3 4 0.15
0.3
1.548
5
0.2
6 7 0.15
8 0.25
0.625
CG from 2
Width Height Type Area h Ah
Zone Mark top
1 0.625 0 r 0 0 1.063711 0
2 0.3 0.15 t 0.0225 0.05 1.013711 0.023121
3 0.325 0.15 r 0.04875 0.075 0.988711 0.047656
4 0.3 0.15 t 0.0225 0.05 1.013711 0.023121
5 0.325 1.548 r 0.5031 0.924 0.139711 0.00982
6 0.2 0.15 t 0.015 1.798 -0.73429 0.008088
7 0.2 0.15 t 0.015 1.798 -0.73429 0.008088
8 0.625 0.25 r 0.15625 1.973 -0.90929 0.129189
1 0 0 0.333 0
2 2.81E-05 0.000113 0.229 0.000338
3 9.14E-05 0.000429 0.237 0.00026
4 2.81E-05 0.000113 0.229 0.000338
5 0.100465 0.004428 0.289 0.015357
6 1.88E-05 3.33E-05 0.18 0.000225
7 1.88E-05 3.33E-05 0.18 0.000225
8 0.000814 0.005086 0.25 0.002441

2
4
4
4
3
3
PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE SECTION
2.700 1.325
0.3
CG from
Zone Mark top
Deck Slab 4.025 0.3 r 1.2075 0.15 0.477473 0.275286
Precast section 0.7831 1.3637 -0.73624 0.424477
Deck Slab 0.009056 1.63 0.318 0.034559
Precast section 0.7831 0.0102 0.019184
2
4
4
4
3
3
WEB WIDENING SECTION

Precast Section
2 3 4 0.1125
0.075
0.475 1.5855
0.075
6 7 0.15
8 0.25
0.625
CG from
Zone Mark top
2 0.075 0.1125 t 0.004219 0.0375 0.994153 0.00417
3 0.475 0.1125 r 0.053438 0.05625 0.975403 0.050841
4 0.075 0.1125 t 0.004219 0.0375 0.994153 0.00417
5 0.475 1.5855 r 0.753113 0.90525 0.126403 0.012033
6 0.075 0.15 t 0.005625 1.798 -0.76635 0.003303
7 0.075 0.15 t 0.005625 1.798 -0.76635 0.003303
8 0.625 0.25 r 0.15625 1.973 -0.94135 0.138458
2 2.97E-06 1.32E-06 0.196 1.58E-05
3 5.64E-05 0.001005 0.284 0.000192
4 2.97E-06 1.32E-06 0.196 1.58E-05
5 0.157765 0.01416 0.27 0.045879
6 7.03E-06 1.76E-06 0.229 2.11E-05
7 7.03E-06 1.76E-06 0.229 2.11E-05
8 0.000814 0.005086 0.25 0.002441

2
4
4
4
3
3
PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE SECTION
2.700 1.325
0.3
CG from
Zone Mark top
Deck Slab 4.025 0.3 r 1.2075 0.15 0.477473 0.275286
Precast section 0.982488 1.3317 -0.7042 0.487186
Deck Slab 0.009056 1.63 0.318 0.034559
Precast section 0.048586 0.1538 0.158655
Location of CG from bottom = 0.680121 m
2
4
4
4
3
3
Section Modulus about z bottom = 1.205835 m
Unit Weight per unit length = 0.328498 t/m
CROSS GIRDERS
1.042
0
1.698
0.3
CG from
Zone Mark top
Top flange 1.042 0 r 0 0 -0.849 0
web 0.3 1.698 r 0.5094 0.849 0 0
Top flange 0 0 0.333 0
web 0.122392 0.003821 0.296 0.01357
Section Property
2
Area = 0.5094 m
CG from top = 0.8490 m
4
4
Torsional moment of inertia = 0.0136 m
5.0 STEEL CALCULATIONS OF THE CANTILIVER SLAB PORTION
The Section is checked for Ultimate Limit State (Refer: Clause 7.6.4. IRC 112-2011)
Charecterstic Compressive Strength of Concrete fck = 35 Mpa
Charecterestic Tensile Strength of Reinforcement fy = 500 Mpa
Design Moment per unit width = 6.3996 t-m/m

Overall Depth = 330 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Diameter of Main Rods = 12 mm
Diameter of Distribution Rods = 10 mm
Effective Cover = 50 + 12 / 2 = 56 mm
Effective Depth, d = 330 - 56 = 274 mm
Width of Slab Considered = 1000 mm
Depth check for Cantiliver portion

Mu = 6.3996 t-m/m
dreq. = (Mu/R.b)0.5
R = 0.165 x fck
5.775
dreq. = 105.27 mm < 274 mm OK `
Limiting moment of resistsnce :
Mulim = 0.165 x fck x b x d2
= 43.35639 t-m/m > 6.3996 t-m/m OK
0.5 x fck x b x d [1-(1-4.6Mu/(fck b d2)0.5]

Ast req =
fy
2
= 553.145 mm
2
Minimum required tensile steel = 553.145+10.048 = 563.193 mm
Minimum Reinforcement area for each face of Slab = 0.0013 x Ac

(Cl. 16.3.1 IRC : 112-2011) = 429 mm2/m
= 0.13 % of b d
= ( 0.13 / 100 ) x 274 x 1000
2
= 429 mm /m
fctm = 2.8
fyk = 500.00
2
0.26 fctm/fyk .bd = 398.944 mm /m
2
Asmin = 429 mm /m
Horizontal Reinforcement at top face of cantilever edge in Transverse direction :
Provide T- 12 @ 150 mm c/c In LAYER I

2
Area of Steel Provided = ( π / 4 )12^2 x 1000 / 150 = 754 mm
Provide T- 0@ 135 mm c/c In LAYER II
2
Area of Steel provided = ( π / 4 )0^2 x 1000 / 135 0 mm
Total area of Longitudinal Steel Provided,Ast = 754 + 0
2
= 754 mm /m
2 2
Therefore, Ast = 754 mm /m > 563.193 mm /m ,OK
Horizontal Distribution Reinforcement
Minimum Horizontal reinforcement (Cl. 16.3.2 of IRC:112-2011)
2
1) maximum of 20% of Main reinforcement
= 0.2x754 = 150.8 mm
2) Spacing between two adjacent bar should not be more than 2h = 660 mm & 250 mm
Provide T- 10 @ 200 mm c/c as Transverse R/F

Therefore, Ast_trans = ( π / 4 ) x 10^2 x 1000 / 200
2 2
Therefore, Ast_trans = 393 mm / m > 151 mm / m ,OK
Reinforcement at bottom face

Provide T- 10 @ 150 mm c/c Horizontally along Road
2
Therefore, Ast-Vertical = ( π / 4 ) x 10^2 x 1000 / 150 = 524 mm / m ,OK
Provide T- 10 @ 200 mm c/c as Transverse R/F

2
Therefore, Ast_trans = ( π / 4 ) x 10^2 x 1000 / 200 = 393 mm / m ,OK
Design of shear Reinforcement:

(Ref: Cl. 10.3.3 of IRC:112-2011)
Check for shear:
Shear force = 2.911 KN/m
Overall depth of Section = 1.000 m
Effective depth of the section = 0.274
width of the Section = 1.000
2
ƥ1 = Asl/(bw.d) < 0.02 ,Asl = 754 mm /m width
bw = 1000 mm
d = 274 mm
ƥ1 = 0.003
K = 1+(200/d)0.5 < 2.00 (eq. 10.2 cl.10.3.2 of IRC:112)
= 1.854
fck = 35 Mpa
fcd = 15.633 Mpa ,fcd= αcc fck/γm ,αcc = 0.67
NED = 0N
ϭcp = 0 ϭcp= Ned/Ac <0.2fcd
0.2fcd = 3.1266
Vmin = 0.031K3/2fck1/2
Vmin = 0.463 N
Strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear v = 0.6(1-fck/310)
v = 0.532
(Ref: Eq10.6 cl.10.3.2 IRC:112-2011)
Check for concrete compression strut:
VED < 0.5 bw d v fcd
0.5 bw d v fcd = 0.5 x1000x274x0.532x15.633
= 1139396
= 113.9396 t > 0.29112 t
Design shear resistance (Ref:cl.10.3.2 Eq.10.1,IRC :112-2011)
VRdc =[0.12K(80ƥ1fck)0.33+0.15ϭcp]bwd
VRdcmin =[Vmin+0.15ϭcp]bwd
VRdc = [0.12x1.854x(80x0.003x35)^0.33+0.15x0]x1000x274
= 123042.09 N
Vrdcmin = (0.463+0.15x0)x1000x274
= 126862
VRdc = 12.6862 t > 0.2911205 t
Hence shear reinforcement not Required ok
∆Ftd = 0.5 VED(cotϴ-cotα)
= 0.5x2911.2046875x(cot21.8-cot90)
= 4368.817 N 4.369 KN
2
= 4368.817/400 = 10.048 mm /m
7.0 DESIGN OF THE GIRDER
DESIGN DATA:
i) Density of concrete = 2.50
ii) Grade of concrete 0.475 = M- 35
iii) Grade of steel = Fe- 500
iv) Reinforcement = HYSD bars conforming to IS: 1786
v) Live Load
a) Class A x 3 Lanes
b) One Class 70R(T) + Class A
c) One Class 70R(W) + Class A
vi) Impact Factor (Ref. Cl. 208.1 IRC 6:2017)
For Class-A = 15 %
70R Tracked = 10 %
70r Wheeled = 25 %
vii) Effective span = 21 m
viii) Overall span = 24 m
ix) C/c spacing of L.girder = 2.65 m
x) Thickness of wearing coat = 75 mm
x) C/c spacing of C.girder = 10.5 M
Deck slab and Girder Arrangement:

15
0.5 C/L Carriageway
2.50% 2.50%
0.2 0.33
0.13
1.3
0.4
625 625
2.7 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65
Load Calculation:
For dead load and live load analysis Software STAAD Pro is used and moments and shear force
are find out.
Dead Load: Maximum
Structural Strength Serviceability Limit
Un- factored
Check State Check
B M(t-m) L. Girder 199.830 269.77 199.83
C. Girder 31.797 42.93 31.797
S F(t- m) L. Girder 33.831 45.67 33.831
C. Girder 13.664 18.45 13.664
Live Load:
No. of Lanes = 3 Lanes
Loading Class :
One lane of Class 70R for Every two lanes with one lane of Class A for the remaining lanes,
If any ,OR one lane of Class A for each Lane.
(Ref. Cl. 205 IRC:6-2017)
Reduction in Longitudinal effecton Bridges = 10 %
Results from STAAD-Pro Maximum
BM(t-m) Shear(t)
Longitudinal Girder Un-factored Factored Un-factored Factored
a) Class A x 3 Lanes 109.09 112.91 25.627 26.52
b) One Class 70R(T) + 1 Class A 144.39 146.19 35.072 35.51
c) One Class 70R(W) + 1 Class A 157.72 166.79 35.32 37.35
Results from STAAD-Pro Maximum

BM(t-m) Shear(t)
Un-factored Factored Un-factored Factored
a) Class A x 3 Lanes 14.2 14.70 6.843 7.08
Cross Girder
b) One Class 70R(T) + 1 Class A 26.4 26.73 7.86 7.96
c) One Class 70R(W) + 1 Class A 27.86 29.46 11.845 12.53
Design Live load with Load Combination Factor :

Structural Strength(t-m) Serviceability Check(t-m)
a) Class A x 3 Lanes BM SF BM SF
L. Girder 169.362 39.786 112.908 26.524
C. Girder 22.046 10.624 14.697 7.083
b) One Class 70R(T) + 1 Class A BM SF BM SF
L. Girder 219.292 53.266 146.195 35.510
C. Girder 40.095 11.937 26.730 7.958
c) One Class 70R(W) + 1 Class A BM SF BM SF
L. Girder 250.183 56.026 166.789 37.351
C. Girder 44.188 44.188 29.459 12.526
Design Bending Moment for L.Girder for Structural Strength :

= 269.7705+250.18335 = 519.954 t-m
Design Bending Moment for L.Girder for Serviceability Check :
= 199.83+166.7889 = 366.619 t-m
Design Shear force for L.Girder for Structural Strength :

= 45.67185+56.02635 = 101.698 t
Design Shear force for L.Girder for Serviceability Check :
= 33.831+37.3509 = 71.182 t
Design Bending Moment for C.Girder for Structural Strength :

= 42.925545+44.18816625 = 87.11 t-m
Design Bending Moment for C.Girder for Serviceability Check :
= 31.7967+29.4587775 = 61.26 t-m
Design Shear force for C.Girder for Structural Strength :

= 18.4464+44.18816625 = 62.63 t
Design Shear force for C.Girder for Serviceability Check :
= 13.664+12.5260875 = 26.19 t
7.1 DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL GIRDER FOR MAXIMUM REACTION FORCE
Depth of Girder = 2.03 m

Dia. of top main bar = 20 mm
clear cover = 50 mm
Dia. of bottom main bar = 32 mm
Dia. of stirrups = 12 mm
Effective cover = (50 + 32 + 32+32/2) = 130 mm
Effective depth = 1.9 m
fyk = 500 Mpa

fcd = 15.633 Mpa
αcc = 0.67
β1 = 0.8
β2 = 0.4
beff

Effective depth of Girder = 1.9 m beff,1 beff,2
b = 2650 mm
bw = 325 mm
bw
Effective width of flanged beam

(Ref: cl. 7.6.1.2 of IRC:112-2011)
beff = ∑beff , I + bw ≤ b
beff,i = 0.2bi + 0.1Lo ≤ 0.2Lo
beff,i ≤ bi
L0 = 0.7*effective span = 14700 mm
b1 = 1012.5 mm
b2 = 1012.5 mm
beff,1 = 1672.5 mm < 0.2 x 14700
beff,2 = 1672.5 mm < 0.2 x 14700
So,
beff = 3670 mm > 3345 mm
b = 2.65 m
neutral axis depth Xu
Simplified rectangular stress block to be considered :
x/d = fyk x Ast
β1 x fcd x b x d
500x8042 = 0.095784
0.8x15.633x2650x1900
Xu = 194.4418 mm < 330 m

Xu < Depth of Flenge
So flanged beam will be designed as a rectangular beam
Moment of Resistance :
Mu = fyk Astd[1 - β2 fyk Ast ]
γm γm β1 fcd b d
= 500/1.15 x 12063x1900 [1- 0.4x500x12063 ]
1.15 x 0.8x15.633x2650x1900
= 963.309 t-m
Provide T- 5 nos. of dia 32 mm c/c In LAYER I

2
Area of Steel Provided = ( π / 4 )32^2 x 5 = 4021 mm
2
Area of Steel provided = ( π / 4 )32^2 x 5 4021 mm
2
Total area of Longitudinal Tensile Steel Provided,Ast = 4021 + 4021 + 4021

2
= 12063 mm /m
2
Therefore, Ast = 12063 mm /m ,OK
Minimum Reinforcement : (Cl. 16.5.1.1 of IRC: 112-2011)

Maximum of
1) Asmin = 0.26fctmbd
fyk
fctm = 2.8
2
Asmin = 1729 mm
2
2) Asmin = 0.0013 b d = 1543.75 mm
Maximum Reinforcement :
2
Asmax = 0.025 AC = 19577.5 mm
2
Minimum reinforcement Required = 1729 mm
2
Required Reinforcement for total area of = 12063 mm /m width
side face reinforcement : (Cl. 26.5.1.3 of IS 456-200)
2
Side face reinforcement = 0.1% of cross sectional area = 964.25 mm
2
Provide 10 nos. of dia 12 mm in 2 faces = 2261.947 mm
At Top: OK
2
Design for Shear :

(Ref: Cl. 10.3.3 of IRC:112-2011)
Check for shear:
Shear force = 1016.982 KN
Effective depth of the section = 1900 mm
Avg. width at a distance d from Face = 0.475 m
ƥ1 = Asl/(bw.d) < 0.02 ,Asl = 12063 mm2
bw = 475 mm
d = 1900 mm
ƥ1 = 0.013
K = 1+(200/d)0.5 < 2.00 (eq. 10.2 cl.10.3.2 of IRC:112)
= 1.324
fck = 35 Mpa
NED = 0N
0.2fcd = 3.1266
Vmin = 0.031K3/2fck1/2
Vmin = 0.279 N
v = 0.532
(Ref: Eq10.6 cl.10.3.2 IRC:112-2011)
0.5 bw d v fcd = 0.5 x475x1900x0.532x15.633
= 3752936
= 375.2936 t > 101.6982 t
0.33
VRdc =[0.12K(80ƥ1fck) +0.15ϭcp]bwd
VRdc = [0.12x1.324x(80x0.013x35)^0.33+0.15x0]x475x1900
= 469547.8954 N
Vrdcmin = (0.279+0.15x0)x475x1900
= 251797.5
VRdc = 46.95478954 t < 101.6982 t
Hence shear reinforcement - Required, design for Shear
fyk = 500 mpa
fywd = 0.8xfyk = 400 Mpa
αcw = 1
z = 0.9x1900 = 1710
Assume inclination of shear reinforcement =α = 90 ˚ = 1.570796
VRdmax Corresponding to strut angle of 45 ˚ = 0.785398
VRdmax = αcw bwz v1 fcd/(cotϴ+tanϴ) (Ref: Eq10.8 cl.10.3.3.2 IRC:112-2011)
= 1x475x1710x15.633/(cot45+tan45)
= 6348952 N
= 634.8952 t > 101.6982 ,OK
VRdmax Corresponding to strut angle of 21.8 ˚ = 0.380482
VRdmax = αcw bwz v1 fcd/(cotϴ+tanϴ)
= 1x475x1710x15.633/(cot21.8+tan21.8)
= 4378361
= 437.8361 > 101.6982 ,OK
Consider ϴ = 21.8
ASW = VED
S Zfywd cotϴ
= 1016982
1710x400x cot21.8
2
= 0.594684 mm /mm
Use 2 legged 12 dia @ 150 c/c
2 2
Asw(Provided) = 226.2 mm > 89.20258 mm
Minimum shear reinforcement ratio : (Ref: Eq. 16.4 and 16.5 of IRC:112-2011)
Ƥw = Asw/(s.bwsinα)
= 0.003551173
Minimum shear reinforcement ratio for Beams (Ref: Eq. 10.20 of IRC:112-2011)
Ƥwmin = (0.072/fck)/fyk
= 0.000851915 < 0.003551 ,OK
Additional tensile steel due to shear (Ref: Eq. 10.16 of IRC:112-2011)
= 0.5x1016982x(cot21.8,-cot90)
= 1526175.3 N
2
= 1526175.3/400 = 3510.203 mm /m
7.2 DESIGN OF CROSS GIRDER FOR MAXIMUM REACTION FORCE

Dia. of top main bar = 20 mm
clear cover = 50 mm
Dia. of bottom main bar = 32 mm
Dia. of stirrups = 12 mm
Effective cover = (50 + 32 + 12+32/2) = 110 mm
Effective depth = 1.52 m
b = 300 mm
Span / Overall depth = 1.626 < 3 (Deep Beam)
beff
Depth of Girder = 1.63 mm

Effective depth of Girder = 1.52 mm beff,1 beff,2
b = 10500 mm
bw = 300 mm
bw
Effective width of flanged beam

(Ref: cl. 7.6.1.2 of IRC:112-2011)
beff = ∑beff , I + bw ≤ b
beff,i = 0.2bi + 0.1Lo ≤ 0.2Lo
beff,i ≤ bi
L0 = 0.7*effective span = 1855 mm
b1 = 4950 mm
b2 = 4950 mm
beff,1 = 1175.5 mm > 0.2 x 1855 mm ,So
beff,1 = 371 mm
beff,2 = 371 mm
So,
beff = 1042 mm
neutral axis depth Xu
0.87*fy*Ast = 0.36*fck*b*Xu
Xu = 0.87*fy*Ast/0.36*fck*b
= 128.752 mm < 330 mm
Xu < Df
Ast Req = 0.5 fck b d [1-(1-4.6 Mu/(fckbd2))0.5]

fyk
= 1377.624 mm2
2
= 1377.62+2161.89 = 3539.512 mm
2
2
Total area of Longitudinal Tensile Steel Provided,Ast = 2413 + 1473
2
= 3886 mm /m
2 2
Minimum Reinforcement : (Cl. 16.5.1.1 of IRC: 112-2011)
Maximum of
1) Asmin = 0.26fctmbd
fyk
fctm = 2.8
2
Asmin = 663.936 mm
2
2) Asmin = 0.0013 b d = 592.8 mm
2
Minimum reinforcement Required = 663.936 mm
2
Required Reinforcement for total area of = 3886 mm /m width
Side face reinforcement : (Cl. 16.9 of IRC: 112-2011)
2
Side face reinforcement = 0.15% of cross sectional area = 733.5 mm
2
Provide 8 nos. of dia 12 mm in 2 faces = 1809.557 mm
At Top : OK
2
Design of Pier Cap for Shear :

(Ref: Cl. 10.3.3 of IRC:112-2011)
Check for shear:
Shear force = 626.346 KN
Effective depth of the section = 1520 mm
width of the Section = 0.475 m
ƥ1 = Asl/(bw.d) < 0.02 ,Asl = 3886 mm2
bw = 475 mm
d = 1520 mm
ƥ1 = 0.005
K = 1+(200/d)0.5 < 2.00 (eq. 10.2 cl.10.3.2 of IRC:112)
= 1.363
fck = 35 Mpa
NED = 0N
0.2fcd = 3.1266
Vmin = 0.031K3/2fck1/2
Vmin = 0.292 N
v = 0.532
(Ref: Eq10.6 cl.10.3.2 IRC:112-2011)
0.5 bw d v fcd = 0.5 x475x1520x0.532x15.633
= 3002349
= 300.2349 t > 62.634566 t
VRdc = [0.12x1.363x(80x0.005x35)^0.33+0.15x0]x475x1520
= 282121.7384 N
Vrdcmin = (0.292+0.15x0)x475x1520
= 210824
VRdc = 28.21217384 t < 62.63457 t
Hence shear reinforcement - Required, design for Shear
fyk = 500 mpa
fywd = 0.8xfyk = 400 Mpa
αcw = 1
z = 0.9x1520 = 1368
Assume inclination of shear reinforcement =α = 90 ˚ = 1.570796
VRdmax Corresponding to strut angle of 45 ˚ = 0.785398
VRdmax = αcw bwz v1 fcd/(cotϴ+tanϴ) (Ref: Eq10.8 cl.10.3.3.2 IRC:112-2011)
= 1x475x1368x15.633/(cot45+tan45)
= 5079162 N
= 507.9162 t > 62.63457 t ,OK
VRdmax Corresponding to strut angle of 21.8 ˚ = 0.380482
VRdmax = αcw bwz v1 fcd/(cotϴ+tanϴ)
= 1x475x1368x15.633/(cot21.8+tan21.8)
= 3502689
= 350.2689 > 62.63457 ,OK
Consider ϴ = 21.8
ASW = VED
S Zfywd cotϴ
= 626345.7
1368x400x cot21.8
2
= 0.457822 mm /mm
Use 2 legged 12 dia @ 150 c/c
2 2
Asw(Provided) = 226.2 mm > 68.67335 mm
= 0.003551173
Minimum shear reinforcement ratio for Beams (Ref: Eq. 10.20 of IRC:112-2011)
Ƥwmin = (0.072/fck)/fyk
= 0.000851915 < 0.003551 ,OK
Additional tensile steel due to shear (Ref: Eq. 10.16 of IRC:112-2011)
= 0.5x626345.6625x(cot21.8-cot90)
= 939951.031 N
2
= 939951.031/400 = 2161.887 mm /m
CRACKWIDTH CALCULATION FOR L.BEAM
Parameters
Overal depth of the section (h) = 2030.00 mm
Width of the section (W) = 475.00 mm
Clear cover (Cmin) = 50 mm
Effective cover cover (C) = 130 mm
Effective depth (d) = 1900 mm
2
Grade of concrete = 35 N/mm
2
Grade of steel = 500 N/mm
Maximum Serviceablility Case moment (M) = 366.62 kNm
2
fcm = 45 N/mm
2
Es = 200000 N/mm
2
Ecm = 32308.25 N/mm
Dia. Of Bar Φ1 = 32 mm
n1 = 5
Φ2 = 32
n2 = 5
Modular Ratio (m) = 200000/32308.25
m = 6.19036933
Bar spacing = 95 mm
2
Ast = 12063.00 mm /m width
2
Asc = 804 mm /m width
Allowable crack width Wmax = 0.3 mm
Crack width Wk = Srmax(εsm - εcm) (Eq. 12.5 of IRC:112-2011)
Calculation of Sr.max : (max. crack spacing)
Depth of neutral axis :
Transformed area of compression steel
2
= (6.19 - 1 ) x 804 = 4173.057 mm
Transformed area of tension steel
2
= (6.19x12063 ) = 74674.43 mm
dc = -ASES +√ (AS ES )2 + 2bAsEsEc,eff d
b Ec,eff
dc (-12063x200000)+√(12063x200000)^2+(2x475x12063x200000x32308.25x1900)
475x32308.25
dc = 631.530293 mm
If Spacing ≤ 5(c+Φ/2) Sr.max = 3.4 c + 0.425 k1 k2 Φ (Ref. Eq.12.8 of IRC 112-2011)

ρ ρ,eff
S M CONSULTANTS,BHUBANESWAR
else, Sr.max = 1.3 (h-x) (Ref. Eq.12.12 of IRC 112-2011)
2 2
Φ = n1 Φ1 + n2Φ = 5x32^2 +5x32^2
n1 Φ1 + n2 Φ2 5x32+5x32
Φ = 32
5(C + Φ/2) = 330 > Bar Spacing = 95 mm

Hence Eq. 12.8 is valid.
k1 = 0.8 for deformed bars
K2 = 0.5 for bending
hc,eff = Lesser of a. 2.5 x (h-d) = 2.5 x(2030-1900) = 325 mm
b. (h-x)/3 = (2030-631.53)/3 = 466.1566 mm
c. h/2 = (2030/2 ) = 1015 mm
hc,eff = 325
Ac ,eff = 475x325
2
= 154375 mm
рр,eff = AS / Ac.eff = 12063/154375
(Ref. Eq, 12.7 of IRC 112-2011)
рр,eff = 0.0781
Sr.max = 3.4 c + 0.425 k1 k2 Φ (Ref. Eq, 12.8 of IRC 112-2011)

ρ ρ,eff
Sr.max = 3.4 x50+0.425 x0.8x0.5x32 = 239.654 mm
0.0781
Calculation of ԑsm & ԑcm

cracked Moment of Inertia
Which gives Moment of Inertia
Ix = 1/3 x475 x631.53^3 +74674.425 x1268.47 ^2
4
= 160032278293.803 mm
Stress in steel is given by fs = m x M (d-x)/Ix
= 6.19 x (366618900 x (1900 - 631.53) ) /160032278293.803
= 17.989 Mpa < 0.8fyk = 400
Strain in tension steel =fs/Es = 17.989 /200000
= 0.00009
Zs = 160032278293.803/(1900-631.53) = 126161687.1
Zs = 160032278293.803/(631.53) = 253403961.9
The Concrete Stres at top of section :
σc = MED Ecff / Zc ES
= (366618900x32308.25)/(126161687.112x200000)
= 0.469 < 0.36fck = 12.6 Mpa
(Ref: Cl. 12.2.1 of IRC: 112-2011)
0.6 x σs / Es = 5.4E-05
(εsm - εcm) = σSC - kt( fct,eff / рp,eff)(1+ ɑ e рp,eff ) ≥ 0.6 x σs / Es

ES
(Ref: Eq. 12.6 of IRC: 112-2011)
fct,eff = 2.9
fctm = 0.259(fck)2/3 = 2.771268
Modular ratio = ɑe = 6.19
Kt = 0.5
(εsm - εcm) = 17.989-0.5x(2.9/0.0781)(1+6.19x0.0781)
200000
(εsm - εcm) = -0.00005 =< 5.4E-05
Crack Width WK = Srmax(εsm - εcm)

= 239.654 x -0.00005
= -0.0119827 < 0.3 ,OK
DESIGN OF THE INTERIOR SLAB PORTION
Dead load bending moment
The interior panel dimensions are = 2.325 m x 10.5 m
Thickness of slab = 0.33 m
2
Dead weight of the slab = 1x0.33x2.5 = 0.825 t/m
2
Dead weight of the wearing coat = 0.075x2.5 = 0.188 t/m
2
Total 1.013 t/m
2
Factored Load intensity due to DL 1.35x0.825 = 1.114 t/m
2
Factored Load intensity due to WC 1.75x0.1875 = 0.328 t/m
2
Total 1.442 t/m
Total Dead Load on the panel = 1.441875x2.325x10.5 = 35.19977 t
Since the dead load spreads uniformly on the entire slab,

U/B = 1
V/L = 1
K = B/L = 0.221
1/K = 4.516129
From Pigeauds Curve,
m1 = 0.05
m2 = 0.009
Mb = 35.1997734375(0.05+0.15x0.009) = 1.808 t-m
Ml = 35.1997734375(0.009+0.15x0.05) = 0.581 t-m
Factored moment :
Mb = 1.35x1.808 = 2.440 t-m
Ml = 1.35x0.581 = 0.784075 t-m
Live load Bending Moment 70R(t)
Carriageway width = 13.1 m
Adopting live load combination cas as per IRC 6-2017 Clause 204.3 is applicabe
One lane of Class 70R for every two lanes with one lane of Class A for the remaining lanes,
if any,OR one lane of Class A for each lane.
2.325
Live load 70R Tracked vehicle centrally on panel :
U = 0.85+2x0.075 = 0.925 m
V = 4.57+2x0.075 = 4.645 m
10.5 4.57
U/B = 0.925/2.325 = 0.366
V/L = 4.645/10.5 = 0.435
K = B/L = 0.221 0.85

m1 = 0.14
m2 = 0.05
Mb = 35(0.14+0.15x0.05) = 5.163 t-m
Ml = 35(0.05+0.15x0.14) = 2.485 t-m
With impact factor 25 % & Live load factor by 1.5
Actual live load moments are given by
Along short span,Mb = 1.25x1.5x5.1625 = 9.679688 t-m
Along Long span,Ml = 1.25x1.5x2.485 = 4.659375 t-m
Live load Bending Moment 70R(w) for maximum Single axle Load
Adopting live load combination cas as per IRC 6-2017 Clause 204.3 is applicabe
One lane of Class 70R for every two lanes with one lane of Class A for the remaining lanes,
if any,OR one lane of Class A for each lane.
2.325
Live load 70R (W) max. single axle load centrally on panel :
U = 0.86+2x0.075 = 0.935 m
V = 0.61+2x0.075 = 0.685 m
10.5 0.61
U/B = 0.935/2.325 = 0.370
V/L = 0.685/10.5 = 0.058
K = B/L = 0.221 0.86

m1 = 0.18
m2 = 0.16
Mb = 8.5(0.18+0.15x0.16) = 1.734 t-m
Ml = 8.5(0.16+0.15x0.18) = 1.590 t-m

Along short span,Mb = 1.25x1.5x1.734 = 3.25125 t-m
Along Long span,Ml = 1.25x1.5x1.5895 = 2.980313 t-m
Live load Bending Moment 70R(w) for maximum Bogie Load

Live load 70R (W) One wheel load centrally on panel and other just follow the front wheel:
10.5 0.61 =
1.22
0.86
2.325
W1 +
W2
2
Intensity of Load = 8.5/(0.86x0.61) = 16.20282 t/m
Moments for centrally placed Load(W1)
U = 0.86+2x0.075 = 0.935
V = 0.61+2x0.075 = 0.685
U/B = 0.935/2.325 = 0.370

V/L = 0.685/10.5 = 0.058
K = B/L = 0.221

m1 = 0.18
m2 = 0.16
Mb1 = 8.5(0.18+0.15x0.16) = 1.734 t-m
Ml1 = 8.5(0.16+0.15x0.18) = 1.590 t-m

Along short span,Mb1 = 1.25x1.5x1.734 = 3.25125 t-m
Along Long span,Ml1 = 1.25x1.5x1.5895 = 2.980313 t-m
For asymmetric loads two cases arises as depicted below:

1.22
=
3.05 1.83
1.22
0.86
0.86 0.86
(a) (b)
Moments for loads in fig (a)
U = 0.86+2x0.075 = 0.935
V = 3.05+2x0.075 = 3.125
U/B = 0.935/2.325 = 0.402

V/L = 3.125/10.5 = 0.298
K = B/L = 0.221
Equivalent concentrated Load =
16.203x0.86x3.05 = 42.50047 t
m1 = 0.16
m2 = 0.08
Mba = 42.5(0.16+0.15x0.08) = 7.310 t-m
Mla = 42.5(0.08+0.15x0.16) = 4.420 t-m

Along short span,Mba = 1.25x1.5x7.31 = 13.70625 t-m
Along Long span,Mla = 1.25x1.5x4.42 = 8.2875 t-m
Moments for loads in fig (b)
U = 0.86+2x0.075 = 0.86
V = 1.83+2x0.075 = 1.905
U/B = 0.86/2.325 = 0.370

V/L = 1.905/10.5 = 0.181
K = B/L = 0.221
Equivalent concentrated Load =
16.203x0.86x1.83 = 25.50028 t
m1 = 0.16
m2 = 0.1
Mbb = 25.5(0.16+0.15x0.1) = 4.463 t-m
Mlb = 25.5(0.1+0.15x0.16) = 3.162 t-m

Along short span,Mbb = 1.25x1.5x4.4625 = 8.367188 t-m
Along Long span,Mlb = 1.25x1.5x3.162 = 5.92875 t-m
Moments owing to actual Loading are :

Mb = Mb1 + 0.5(Mba - Mbb)
Ml = Ml1 + 0.5(Mla - Mlb)
Mb = 3.251+0.5(13.706-8.367) = 5.9205
Ml = 1.59+0.5(8.288-5.929) = 2.7695
The panel is to be design for Maximum Moment Case :

Design Moment = Factored D.L. moment +Factored maximum L.L. moment
ML = 0.784+4.659 = 5.44345 t-m
MB = 2.44+9.68 = 12.120 t-m
Shear Forces :
Dead load Shear force = 2.325x0.405x 2.5/2 = 1.177031 t
0.84
0.075
0.33
0.825 m
1.675
0.325
Live load shear:
Dispersion in the direction of the span = 0.84+2x(0.075+0.33) = 1.65
For Maximum shear,load is kept such that the whole dispersion is in span.The load is kept at :
= 1.65/2 = 0.825 m from the edge of beam
Effective width of slab bef = α a(1-a/l0) + b1

Clear Length of Panel = 10.18 m
b/l0 = 10.18/1.675 = 6.0776
α = 2.6
Effective width of slab:
2.6x0.825x (1 - (0.825/1.675))+10.18 = 11.269 m
Load per meter width = 35/11.269 = 3.106 t/m

Shear force = 1.5761 t
Shear force with impact = 1.25x1.57611092642211
= 1.9700 t
Design Shear force :
1.35x1.17703125+1.5x1.97 = 4.543992 t
The Section is checked for Ultimate Limit State (Refer: Clause 7.6.4. IRC 112-2011)
Charecterstic Compressive Strength of Concrete fck = 35 Mpa
Charecterestic Tensile Strength of Reinforcement fy = 500 Mpa
Overall Depth = 330 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Diameter of Main Rods = 16 mm
Diameter of Distribution Rods = 12 mm
Effective Cover = 50 + 16 / 2 = 58 mm
Effective Depth, d = 330 - 58 = 272 mm
Depth check for Cantiliver portion

Mu = 12.12 t-m/m
0.5
dreq. =(Mu/R.b)
R = 0.165 x fck
5.775
dreq. = 144.87 mm < 272 mm OK `
Area of steel along short span :
Ast req = 0.5 x fck x b x d [1-(1-4.6Mu/(fck b d2)0.5]
fy
2
= 1086.899 mm
Ast req = 0.5 x fck x b x d [1-(1-4.6Mu/(fck b d2)0.5]

fy
2
= 471.9922 mm
Minimum tensile Reinforcement area for Slab = 0.0013 x Ac
2
(Cl. 16.3.1 IRC : 112-2011) = 429 mm /m
= 0.13 % of b d
= ( 0.13 / 100 ) x 272 x 1000
2
= 429 mm /m
fctm = 2.8
fyk = 500.00
2
0.26 fctm/fyk .bd = 396.032 mm /m
2
Asmin = 429 mm /m
2
Minimum required tensile steel along short span = = 1086.899 mm
2
Minimum required tensile steel along Long span = = 471.9922 mm
Main Reinforcement along short span:

2
2
2
= 1340 mm /m
2 2
Main Reinforcement along Long span :

2
2
2
= 754 mm /m
2 2

(Ref: Cl. 10.3.3 of IRC:112-2011)
Check for shear:
Shear force = 45.440 KN/m
Overall depth of Section = 0.330 m
Effective depth of the section = 272 m
width of the Section = 1.000 m
2
ƥ1 = Asl/(bw.d) < 0.02 ,Asl = 1340 mm /m width
bw = 1000 mm
d = 272 mm
ƥ1 = 0.005
K = 1+(200/d)0.5 < 2.00 (eq. 10.2 cl.10.3.2 of IRC:112)
= 1.857
fck = 35 Mpa
NED = 0N
0.2fcd = 3.1266
3/2 1/2
Vmin = 0.031K fck
Vmin = 0.464 N
v = 0.532
(Ref: Eq10.6 cl.10.3.2 IRC:112-2011)
0.5 bw d v fcd = 0.5 x1000x272x0.532x15.633
= 1131079
= 113.1079 t > 4.543992 t
VRdc = [0.12x1.857x(80x0.005x35)^0.33+0.15x0]x1000x272
= 144805.2 N
Vrdcmin = (0.464+0.15x0)x1000x272
= 126208
VRdc = 14.48052 t > 4.543992 t
Hence shear reinforcement not Required ok
= 0.001685
Ƥwmin = (0.072√fck)/fyk
= 0.000852 < 0.001685 OK

= 0.5x45439.921875x(cot21.8,-cot90)
= 68191.26 N 68.191 KN
2
= 68191.262/400 = 156.8399 mm /m

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DESIGN CALCULATION OF

625 625 625 625 625

2700 2650 2650 2650 2650 2700

(Ref: IRC 6:2017 Table B.2,Table B.3)

Partial Safety Factor for Partial Safety Factor for

C.F Force 1.50 0.75 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.00

Wind 1.50 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.00

2387.5 mm Beam edge

Component Dead Load shear force/ Distance of Bending moment(t-m/m)

Live load bending moment and shear force:

Intensity of live load (P) = P'-(40L - 300)/9

Bending moment owing to live load = 0.51x943.75 = 0.481 t-m

Location of CG from top = 1.032379 m

PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE SECTION :

Location of CG from top = 0.581 m

MID SPAN SECTION

Location of CG from top = 1.063711 m

PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE SECTION

WEB WIDENING SECTION

Location of CG from top = 1.031653 m

PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE SECTION

Design Moment per unit width = 6.3996 t-m/m

Depth check for Cantiliver portion

0.5 x fck x b x d [1-(1-4.6Mu/(fck b d2)0.5]

Minimum Reinforcement area for each face of Slab = 0.0013 x Ac

Horizontal Reinforcement at top face of cantilever edge in Transverse direction :

Provide T- 12 @ 150 mm c/c In LAYER I

Provide T- 10 @ 200 mm c/c as Transverse R/F

Reinforcement at bottom face

Provide T- 10 @ 200 mm c/c as Transverse R/F

Design of shear Reinforcement:

Deck slab and Girder Arrangement:

2.7 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65

b) One Class 70R(T) + 1 Class A 144.39 146.19 35.072 35.51

c) One Class 70R(W) + 1 Class A 157.72 166.79 35.32 37.35

Results from STAAD-Pro Maximum

b) One Class 70R(T) + 1 Class A 26.4 26.73 7.86 7.96

c) One Class 70R(W) + 1 Class A 27.86 29.46 11.845 12.53

Design Live load with Load Combination Factor :

Design Bending Moment for L.Girder for Structural Strength :

Design Shear force for L.Girder for Structural Strength :

Design Bending Moment for C.Girder for Structural Strength :

Design Shear force for C.Girder for Structural Strength :

Depth of Girder = 2.03 m

fyk = 500 Mpa

Depth of Girder = 2.03 m

Effective width of flanged beam

Xu = 194.4418 mm < 330 m

Provide T- 5 nos. of dia 32 mm c/c In LAYER I

Total area of Longitudinal Tensile Steel Provided,Ast = 4021 + 4021 + 4021

Minimum Reinforcement : (Cl. 16.5.1.1 of IRC: 112-2011)

Design for Shear :

7.2 DESIGN OF CROSS GIRDER FOR MAXIMUM REACTION FORCE

Depth of Girder = 1.63 m

Depth of Girder = 1.63 mm

Effective width of flanged beam

Ast Req = 0.5 fck b d [1-(1-4.6 Mu/(fckbd2))0.5]

Design of Pier Cap for Shear :

If Spacing ≤ 5(c+Φ/2) Sr.max = 3.4 c + 0.425 k1 k2 Φ (Ref. Eq.12.8 of IRC 112-2011)

5(C + Φ/2) = 330 > Bar Spacing = 95 mm

Sr.max = 3.4 c + 0.425 k1 k2 Φ (Ref. Eq, 12.8 of IRC 112-2011)

Calculation of ԑsm & ԑcm

(εsm - εcm) = σSC - kt( fct,eff / рp,eff)(1+ ɑ e рp,eff ) ≥ 0.6 x σs / Es

Crack Width WK = Srmax(εsm - εcm)