Two marks questions

Chapter –electric charge and field

Q1- No two electric lines of force can intersect each other? Why?
Ans- Two electric lines of force never intersect each other because if they intersect then at the point of
intersection there will be two tangents which is not possible as the two tangents represents two
directions for electric field lines.
Q2- A particle of mass m and charge q is released form rest in a uniform electric field of intensity E.
calculate the kinetic energy it attains after moving a distance s between the plates?
Ans- KE = 1/2mv2
In electric field , v2 = qEs/m

KE = qEs
Q3-How does the electric flux due to point charge enclosed by a spherical gausssian surface gets affected
when its radius increased.
Ans – No effect because flux=q/ε0 does not depends on shape or size
Q4-A charge Q μC is placed at the centre of a cube .what would be the flux through one face

Ans- flux= charge / ε0

= Q μ/6 ε0 Vm

Q5- What orientation of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field corresponds to its
1-stable equilibrium
2-Unstable equilibrium

Ans-1-when dipole moment is parallel to the direction of electric field

2- when dipole moment is anti-parallel to the direction of electric field
Q6-Define dipole moment .is it scalar or vector quantity. What are its S.I unit?
Ans- It is the product of magnitude of either charge and distance between the two charges.
It is avector quantity. The SI unit of dipole moment is Cm.
Q7-(a)An electrostatic field line is a continuous curve .that is field line can not have sudden breaks. Why is
it so?
(b) Explain why two field lines never intersect each other?
Ans-An electric field line is a path of movement of positive test charge. A moving charge experiences a
continiuous force in an electrostatic field so that electrostatic field line is a continuous curve.
Q.8 Two point electric charges of unknown magnitude and sign are placed at some distance ‘d’ apart.The
electric field intensity is zero at a point , not between the charges but on the line joining them. Writr two
essential conditions for this to happen.
Ans. i) The two charges must be of opposite kind.
ii)The magnitude of two charges must be unequal.
Q. 9 The force between two point charges kept at a distance r apart in air is F. If the same charges are kept in
water at the same distance, how does the force between them change?
Ans. Fw/Fa = 1/k
Q.10 A metallic spherical shell has an inner radius R1 and outer radius R2. A charge Q is placed at the
centre of the spherical cavityWhat will be the surface charge density on

i) Inner surface ii) outer surface

Ans. i) –Q/4𝜋R2 ii) Q/4𝜋R2

Q 11.Calculate the distance between two protons such that the electric repulsive force between them is
equal to weight of either. 2
Ans. approx. 12cm

Q 12.An electric dipole when held at 300 with respect to a uniform electric field of 3x104 N/C
experiences a torque of 27x10-26Nm.Calculate the dipole moment of the dipole. 2
Ans.τ = pEsinϴ
P=4.5x10-30Cm
Q 13.Two point electric charges of unknown magnitude and sign are placed a distance ‘d ‘apart .The
electric field intensity is zero at a point not between the charges but on the line joining them . Write two
essential conditions for this to happen. 2
Ans. The two charges must be of opposite nature and their magnitude unequal.
Q 14.Two similarly and equally charged identical metal spheres A and B repel each other with a force of
2x10-5N. A third identical uncharged sphere C is touched with A and then placed at the mid point
between A and B . Calculate the net electric force on C. 2
Ans. We know that
F= QaQb/4πε0x2 =2x10-5
Q2/4πε0x2 =2x10-5
2
Q2/x2 = x 10-14
9

after touched with A and C both have equal charge Q/2

Fca= QaQc/4πε0x/22
= Q29x109/ x2
2
=9 x 10-14 x 9x10-14

Fca = 2x10-5N
Similarily

Fcb=4x10-5N
Now resultant force = Fcb - Fca = 2x10-5N
 Q 15.An electric dipole of length 4 Cm , when placed with its axis making an angle of 300 with a uniform
electric field experiences a torque of 4Nm . Calculate the (i) magnitude of the electric field, (ii) potential
energy of the dipole if the dipole has charges of ± 10 nc. 2
Ans. (i)p=q (2l)
= 10 nc x4 Cm
=10x10-9 x 4x10-2

= 4x10-10Cm

Now τ = pEsinϴ
τ
E= 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑛ϴ = 2x1010 N/C

(ii)U=-pEcosϴ

=-4x10-10Cm x 2x1010 N/C cos30

=-4√3 J

Q16.A charge is placed at the centre of the line joining two equal charges Q . Show that the system of three
charges will be in equilibrium if q =-Q/4. 2
Ans-

Qq/4πε0x2 + QQ/4πε(2x)2 = 0 Q x oq x Q

Qq/4πε0x2 = -Q2/4πε 4x2

q = -Q/4 ans

Q17. An electric dipole when held at with respect to a uniform electric field of
experienced a Torque of . Calculate dipole moment of the dipole?.

Ans. Given
Q18-A free proton and a free electron are placed in a uniform field. Which of the two experience greater
force and greater acceleration?
Ans - Since F = q E
and a = F/m

since me<mp
therefore acceleration of electron is greater than proton
Since charge on proton and electron are same but mass for electron is smaller, hence force and
acceleration experienced by an electron is greater.Q19.A hollow metal sphere of radius 6cm is charged such
that the potential on its surface is 12V.What is the potential at the centre of the sphere.

Ans-potential at centre =12V

Q19-Net capacitance of three identical capacitors in series is 3µF. What will be their net capacitance in
parallel?Find the ratio of energy stored in the two configurations if they are both connected to the same
source.
1 1 1 1
Ans - 𝑐 + 𝑐 + =3
𝑐

c=9μF

In parallel c’=3c
c’=3x 9μF
c’= 27μF
U/U’= c/c’
=3/27
=1/9
1
Q20-Plot the graph showing the variation of coulomb force (F) versus (𝑟2) , where r is the distance between
the two charges of each pair of charges : (1µ C,2µ C) and (2µC ,-3µ C). Interpret the graphs obtained.
Q21- When a glass rod is rubbed with a silk cloth, charges appear on both. A similar
phenomenon is observed with many other pairs of bodies. Explain how this observation is
consistent with the law of conservation of charge.

Ans. Rubbing produces charges of equal magnitude but of opposite nature on the two bodies because charges are
created in pairs. This phenomenon of charging is called charging by friction. The net charge on the system of two
rubbed bodies is zero. This is because equal amount of opposite charges annihilates each other. When a glass rod is
rubbed with a silk cloth, opposite natured charges appear on both the bodies. This phenomenon is in consistence with
the law of conservation of energy. A similar phenomenon is observed with many other pairs of bodies

Q22- An electric dipole with dipole moment is aligned at with the direction of a
uniform electric field of magnitude Calculate the magnitude of the torque acting on
the dipole.

Ans. Electric dipole moment,

Angle made by p with a uniform electric field, =

Electric field,

Torque acting on the dipole is given by the relation,

Therefore, the magnitude of the torque acting on the dipole is N m.

Q23-An electric dipole is held in a uniform electric field .

(i) Show that the net force acting on it is zero.
(ii) (ii) The dipole is aligned parallel to the field . Find the work done in rotating it through the angle
of 1800.
Ans – i- force acting on dipole are equal and opposite therefore net force will be zero
Ii W=-pE(cosϴ2- cosϴ1)
=2 pE

Q24-. The graph shows the variation of voltage V across the plates of two capacitors A and B
versus increase of charge Q stored on them. Which of the two capacitors have higher
capacitance? Give reason for your answer?
Ans. Since C=Q/V

For a given charge Q