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X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2 2 4 6 8 9 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
3 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36
4 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
6 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72
7 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84
8 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96
9 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108
10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132
12 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144
negative numbers The set of numbers less than zero, to the left of 0 on the number
line.
numerator the number above the line in a fraction. It is the number of parts that are
being ―taken‖ from the whole.
Order of Operations (BODMAS or BIDMAS): The order in which to carry out
operations when evaluating an expression-- brackets, powers (or indices),
multiplication and division, addition and subtraction.
percentage meaning "parts per hundred;" a fraction in which the number to the left
of the % sign is the numerator and 100 is the denominator. 57% = 57/100 =
0.57.
place value the value of a digit, based on where it appears in a numeral. The value of each
position in a numeral is ten times the value of the position to its right.
prime factorization a number written as the product of its prime factors.
prime number a positive whole number divisible only by 1 and itself. Following are the
first fifteen prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47 .
(Note: 1 is not prime).
positive numbers The set of numbers greater than zero, to the right of 0 on the number
line.
power (see exponent) also called an index
product the result of multiplying two or more numbers
proper fraction a fraction whose numerator is smaller than its denominator.
proportion a statement that compares one part with the whole, such as 12 out of 50.
ratio a statement which compares parts with each other, such as 2:1.
rational numbers the set of numbers including all the integers, plus all the numbers that
are terminating or repeating decimals.
real numbers the set of all the rational numbers and all the irrational numbers.
reciprocal any number multiplied by its reciprocal is 1. The reciprocal of is because
BODMAS (BIDMAS) the order operations should be performed: Brackets, Order (or
Indices), Division or Multiplication, and Addition or Subtraction.
coefficient the number (with its sign) in front of the letter representing the unknown.
collect like terms to group together terms of the same variable.
common factor factors that are in common for two or more numbers or terms.
constant a number that does not change.
coordinates an x- and y-coordinate give the horizontal and vertical positions of a
point.(x, y).
cube number the outcome when a whole number is multipled by itself and then
multiplied by itself again. Cube numbers are 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, . . .
cube root the number whose outcome when multiplied by itself and then multiplied by
itself again gives a cube number. For example, the cube root of 8 is 2,
because 2 x 2 x 2 = 8.
equation a statement showing that two expressions are equal, for example,4x + 3 = 23.
expand to remove the brackets to create an equivalent expression; the opposite of
factorising.
exponent tells how many times the base number is multiplied by itself. Same as index,
power.
factor a number or term that divides exactly into another number or term.
factorise to include brackets by taking out common factor; opposite of expanding.
Fibonacci numbers a sequence where each term is the sum of the previous two terms;
for example, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21.
formula an equation showing the relationship between two or more variables.
gradient a measure of how steep a line is, the change in y over the change in x.
identity two expressions liked by the sign are true for all values of the variable;
for example, .
index tells how many times the base number is multiplied by itself. (exponent,power).
index notation when a product like 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 is written as 24, the 4 is the index.
indices the plural of index.
intercept the point where a line crosses an axis.
inverse operation the operation that undoes or reverses a previous operation;
i.e. subtracting is the inverse of adding and dividing is the inverse of multiplying.
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