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“To me, science and religion are very Without God, we cannot be.
similar. If we compare how great scientific
ideas arrive, they look remarkably like “Your image of God shapes your life” - Bo
religious revelation viewed in a non-mystical Sanchez.
way. The great scientific discoveries, the
real leaps, do not come from so-called IMAGES OF GOD
scientific method but by revelations which -Images of God are spontaneous,
are just as real.” -Dr. Charles Townes Nobel unreflected attitudes that influence our
Prize Winner for his work on the Laser and responses to God.
Maser -Images of God are not the same as ideas
about God. Ideas may be abstract. An
“While science is not religion, it is a religious image is concrete. It is a combination of
activity by its presuppositions, its methods thoughts and feelings.
of working, and its search for truth.” -Dr. -Our Images of God may not be the same
Wernher von Braun Leading U.S. Space as our doctrinal affirmation about God. One
Expert may profess that God is good, but in his
mind may actually think of God as a cruel
“Perhaps we shall end by perceiving that manipulator.
the great object unconsciously pursued by -Our images of God have a powerful impact
science is nothing else than the discovery of on our attitudes and behaviors even without
God.”-Rev. Teilhard de Chardin Jesuit our conscious awareness.
Priest-Scientist -Our images of God profoundly impact our
spiritual well-being. A distorted image of
God results in a distorted relationship with
GOSPEL GOSPELS
Him.
-Our images of God are closely related to -THERE IS ONLY -THE GOSPELS
our images of ourselves. ONE GOSPEL: ARE THE
>That is why we need to check examine if JESUS CHRIST WRITTEN FAITH
we have a correct image of GOD. -HE IS GOD’S ACCOUNTS OF
TOTAL THE EARLY
MANIFESTATION CHURCH.
REVELATION OF HIMSELF. • Direct
“Revelation is God’s personal loving -HE IS THE experiences by the
communication to us of who He is and His SAVIOR OF THE followers of the
plan to save us all in His love. It is God’s WORLD. historical Jesus
reaching out to us in friendship, so we get to • Eyewitness
testimonies that
know and love Him.” -
were heard and
Catechism for Filipino Catholics 101 recorded
• Collections of oral
Avenues of Communication preaching
• First Christians’
experiences of the
Risen Lord.
>THE GOSPELS ARE NOT BIOGRAPHIES
OF CHRIST. THE GOSPELS ARE FAITH
SUMMARIES DESCRIBING WHAT THE
EARLY CHRISTIANS BELIEVED ABOUT
Revelation as word of God (Hb. DABAR) JESUS.
-Events in Salvation History
-Message of God through the prophets - STAGES of Formation
Person of Jesus S1 The Historical Jesus--->S2 Oral
-Preaching of the Christian Faith General Preaching by The Early Church--->S3 The
Message of God to humanity Written Gospels
-The Bible
The Historical Jesus
JESUS: THE GOOD NEWS -The Gospels are based on the fact that the
“Reform your lives and believe in the Son of God became Man and walked on
GOSPEL!” Mark 1:15 this planet in the person of Jesus of
-The word “Gospel” usually refers to the Nazareth.
written record of Christ’s words and deeds. -The Gospels are rooted in the words and
-Etymology: Anglo-Saxon: “god” (good) works of Jesus, in his interactions with
“spell” (to tell) Greek : “Evaggelion” (glad people, and in the significant events of his
tidings) life.
The GOSPEL is the Good News of Oral Preaching by the Early Church
Salvation proclaimed by Jesus Christ. -The Early Church was a preaching church
-Jesus Christ himself is the GOOD NEWS. - more than a writing church. Writing the
Jesus is THE GOSPEL. gospel was not a primordial concern of the
early Christians at that time it was thought
that the end of the world was taking place to the world by establishing Kingdom of
soon. God.
-The Christians kept the memory of Jesus “Suffering Servant”- The description of the
alive by collecting his sermons, parables, Suffering Servant is found in the Book of
works and sayings. These were used in the Isaiah. The Suffering Servant is the
liturgy, in preaching, and in instructing the innocent victim whose unconditional
new converts. obedience pleased God and whose
The Written Gospels suffering became the source of healing for
-Realizing that Christ’s second coming was wounded humanity.
not going to take place any time soon, the The early church, after witnessing Christ’s
Early Christians wrote the Gospels for the brutal execution and his glorious
following reasons: resurrection from the dead, realized that the
•There had to be written texts against which suffering servant and the messianic king
oral preachings will be measured. This was that they were expecting were one and the
especially because there were teachers same person.
who preached doctrines that were against
authentic tradition and remembrance of According to MATTHEW (mt)
Jesus. •The apostles and other EVANGELIST: Author is unknown. Probably
eyewitnesses of Jesus were beginning to Matthew was used as a source. The original
die either through old age or organized text was a collection of sayings compiled in
persecutions. Aramaic by the Apostle Matthew.
The human authors of the Gospels are DATE OF COMPOSITION: The original
called EVANGELISTS. Matthew was written around 50AD but was
lost. The existing text is the Greek
THE GOSPELS translation written sometime 85 A.D. after
the fall of Jerusalem.
According to MARK (mk) INTENDED AUDIENCE: Jewish converts to
EVANGELIST: JOHN MARK- believed to be Christianity
the chronicler of Peter THEMES: Jesus is the New Law-Giver
DATE OF COMPOSITION: After Peter’s Jesus is the Messianic king promised to the
death, probably around 65 A.D. Jews.
INTENDED AUDIENCE: Persecuted
Christians According to LUKE (lk)
THEMES: Jesus is the Christ Jesus is the EVANGELIST: Luke, the “beloved
Suffering Servant The Messiah and the physician”; the secretary of Paul
Suffering Servant are one and the same. DATE OF COMPOSITION: c.75 A.D.
INTENDED AUDIENCE: Gentile converts to
Titles of Jesus: Christianity
“Christ”- The Greek word “Christos” means THEMES: Jesus is for Jews and Gentiles
“messiah” (Hb. “masiah”) or “anointed one”. alike. Jesus is the compassionate savior
This title was given to Jesus by the early who identifies himself with the poor and the
Church as a profession of what they outcast. *The Gospels According to Mark,
believed about him – He was the one whom Matthew, and Luke are called SYNOPTIC
God has anointed to bring peace and justice
GOSPELS because they follow more or less tasks attributed to them. The Blessed Trinity
the same story line. is a perfect communion of Persons, distinct
but one, therefore They always acted as
According to John (jn) one.
EVANGELIST: Most probably the -When the world was created, the Son and
JOHANNINE COMMUNITY the Spirit were the Father’s co-creators.
DATE OF COMPOSITION: c.90-100 A.D. -GOD = HOLY TRINITY To say that God
INTENDED AUDIENCE: The Christian created the world is to say that the Holy
Churches in the Roman Empire; Christians Trinity is the creator of the world.
who were already familiar with the
Synoptics The Son is Creator, not a creature
THEMES: Jesus is Divine Jesus is the John 1:1-3, 10
center of all religious beliefs and practices - “In the BEGINNING was the WORD And
Jesus is superior to all the prophets the WORD was WITH GOD And the WORD
was GOD. He was in the beginning with
JESUS BEFORE TIME AND SPACE God.
:The Precreational preexistence of the son -ALL THINGS CAME TO BE THROUGH
-As human beings, our existence began the HIM AND WITHOUT HIM NOTHING CAME
moment we were conceived in our mother’s TO BE…
womb. -He was in the world AND THE WORLD
-The Son of God, however, became man. CAME TO BE THROUGH HIM.”
This means that prior to His conception in •The Son (Word) is Divine and have been
the Virgin Mother’s womb, he had long been existing since the very beginning. •The
existing. Creator of the world, God, cannot be a
-JESUS speaking to the Jews: “Abraham, creature. •If the Son is creator, the Son is
your Father, rejoiced to see MY DAY, he not a creature.
saw it and was glad.” So the Jews said to Colossians 1:15-17
him, “You are not yet fifty years old and you -“He is the image of the invisible God, the
have seen Abraham?” Jesus said to them, firstborn of all creation. For IN HIM ALL
“Amen, Amen, I say to you, before Abraham THINGS WERE CREATED in heaven and
came to be, I AM.” John 8:56-58 on earth, whether thrones or dominions or
-This biblical text affirms that Christ existed principalities or powers, ALL THINGS
before Abraham. WERE CREATED THROUGH HIM AND
•“I AM” was a divine name in the Old FOR HIM. HE IS BEFORE ALL THINGS
Testament. This text not only proves the AND IN HIM ALL THINGS HOLD
preexistence of Jesus but his Divinity as TOGETHER.”
well. • To be the “firstborn of all creation” does
not mean “to be the first creature”. The
The Holy Trinity is the Creator of the World firstborn child is the one that gets the
-Creation is often attributed to God the birthright. This emphasizes Christ
Father, Redemption to the Son, and superiority over creation. • In later verses, to
Sanctification to the Holy Spirit. be “firstborn” simply means to be the first to
-This does not mean that each of the three be raised from the dead. • These verses
Divine Persons acted exclusively on the
again tell us that Jesus is Creator. The “I am the gate. Whoever enters through me
Creator cannot be a creature. will be saved, and will come in and go out
Hebrews 1:2-3 and find pasture.”
“In these last days, He (God) spoke to us John 10:9
through a son, whom he made heir of all I am the Good Shepherd
things and THROUGH WHOM HE “I am the good shepherd. A good shepherd
CREATED THE UNIVERSE, who is the lays down his life for the sheep…I am the
refulgence of his glory, the very imprint of good shepherd, I know mine and mine know
his being and WHO SUSTAINS ALL me.”
THINGS BY HIS MIGHTY WORD.” John 10:11,14
•The Son is “heir of all things”- this is the I am the Resurrection and the Light
reason why he is called the “firstborn of “ I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever
creation”, not because he was a creature. •It believes in me, even though he dies will
was through the Son that the universe was live, and everyone who lives and believes in
created – The Son is creator. •God’s mighty me will never die. Do you believe this?”
word brought things to existence. The Son’s John 11: 25-26
“mighty word” “sustains all things”. I am the Way, the Truth, and the Life
“I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one
I Am the ALPHA, and the OMEGA, the comes to the Father except through me.”
FIRST, and the LAST, the BEGINNING and John 14:6
the END. Revelation 22:13 I am the Vine
•THE SON IS ETERNAL: no beginning, no “I am the vine and you are the branches.
end. If the Son had a beginning, he cannot Whoever remains in me and I in him will
be “the beginning.” •ONLY GOD IS bear much fruit, because without me you
ETERNAL. If the Son is eternal, then the can do nothing.”
Son is God. •GOD IS CREATOR. If the Son John 15:5
is God, then the Son, while distinct from the
Father and the Holy Spirit, is Creator. I am the Alpha and the Omega
“I am the Alpha and the Omega, the first
JESUS SAYS OF HIMSELF:THE MASTER and the last, beginning and the end.
SPEAKS Blessed are they who washed their robes so
I am the Bread of Life as to have the right to the tree of life and
“I am the bread of life; whoever comes to enter the city through its gates.”
me will never hunger, and whoever believes Revelation 22:13-14
in me will never thirst.”
John 6:35 “MASTER, TO WHOM SHALL WE GO?
I am the Light of the World YOU HAVE THE WORDS OF ETERNAL
“I am the light of the world. Whoever follows LIFE. WE HAVE COME TO BELIEVE AND
me will not walk in darkness but will have ARE CONVINCED THAT YOU ARE THE
the light of life.” HOLY ONE OF GOD.”
John 8:12 John6:68-69
I am the Gate