THE EFFECTS OF SHIFTING PROGRAM IN THE ATTITUDE TOWARD LEARNING OF

THE GRADE 7 AND 8 STUDENTS OF NATIVIDAD HIGH SCHOOL

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Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

“Education is not a luxury; it is a lifeline. It is not a privilege; it is a priority. And

it is our best chance at peace, especially in times of conflicts and crises. That’s why

education cannot wait, why it shouldn’t wait.” (Rania Al Abdullah).

Double-shift or double-session schooling system in which different sets of students

use the same building and have the same academic curriculum, some in the mornings

and some in the afternoons. In general, the purpose of double-shift schooling is to

increase access to schooling while limiting strain on the budget.

From the policy perspective the introduction of double-shifts allows existing sets of

buildings and facilities to serve more students. This may be especially important in

urban areas, where land scarce and construction new buildings is expensive. Double-

shift schooling has helped many countries to move toward universal primary and

secondary education. However, this policy may come at a cost. The limited school day

under the multiple shift operation leaves few or no opportunities for any extra-curricular

activities. In addition, there is some concern that students may be hurt by the policy.

Afternoon students may receive a poorer education because of their tiredness by the

time of classes or the diminishing productivity of teachers.

Policy makers are faced with difficult choices when designing double-shift schools.

Drawing on experiences in a wide range of countries, this paper highlights the

advantages and problems of double-shift systems. Comparison is made with single-

shift systems. The paper is intended for both national and regional policy makers and

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head-teachers, teacher and others responsible for running double-shift schools and also

for parents of double shift schools’ students. “The magic word efficiency that is causing

such a revolution in industry is beginning to work in education. As in industry, so in

education, efficiency is based on complete knowledge. Those administrative officers

have not yet demanded and obtained knowledge sufficient to enable their school

systems.” (J. Howard Hutchinson).

This study explored the impact of morning afternoon shifting class for the grade 7

and 8 students and teachers including how the students’ parents perceive the double-

shift class system to be. It employed qualitative case study approach in examining

participants’ views, adjustments, and experiences toward the morning and afternoon

shifting session. Multiple data from teachers’ focus group discussions, students’

journal entries, and survey of parents’ views were both triangulated and thematically

analyzed.

Significance of the study

The goal of the study is to find out the effect or the impact of the shifting program

in the aspect towards learning among grade 7 and 8 students of Natividad High School

(S.Y. 2018-2019) and to know how effective is this program in their academic

performance.

Other beneficiaries of this study include:

Curriculum Developers. This study will benefit the curriculum developers to

study, decide, reject, revise and retain the curriculum to make it tailored-fit to the

students’ learning needs.

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School Administrators. This study will benefit the administrators in

improving strategies needed to immerse students in a fun way of learning.

Teachers. This study will help teachers motivate their students to enjoy

learning and make them a responsible one.

Statement of the problem

This study will determine the possible effects of the shifting program to the grade

7 and 8 students of Natividad High School.

1. What is the profile of the student?

1.1 Age?

1.2 Gender?

2. What is the difference effect of the shifting program?

2.1 Grade 7?

2.2 Grade 8?

3. What are the possible effects of the shifting program to the grade 7 and 8

students of Natividad High School?

Conceptual framework

Input Process Output

1. Tabular presentation
1. What is the profile of the profile of the
of the respondents? respondents.
1. Effects of the
1.1 Age 2. Possible Effect of
shifting
1.2 Gender the Shifting Program
program in the
2. The possible effects to the grade 7 and 8
academic
of the shifting students.
performance.
program to the 3. Degree of
2. Statistical
Grade 7 and 8 differences for the
Treatment
students of possible effect of the
a. Percentage
Natividad High shifting program
School. between Grade 7 and
8 students.

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This Conceptual Framework was based on the input, process and output model. The

input box contained of the profile of the students and the effect of the shifting program

to them. The process box contained the effect of the shifting program in the academic

performance of the students and it also contained the statistical treatment in percentage.

And the output box contained the tabular presentation of the profile of the respondents

and the degree of differences for the possible effect of the shifting program between the

grade 7 and 8 students.

Scope and delimitation

This study points out the effects of the Shifting Program to the grade 7 and 8

students of Natividad High School for this school year 2018-2019. The research also

covers the disadvantages of the shifting program for the students who are involve in the

said program.

Definition of terms

Shifting program is a system in which different sets of students use the same

building and have the same academic curriculum, some in the mornings and some in

the afternoons. (Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia).

Extra-Curricular Activities are those sponsored by and usually held at school but

that are not part of the academic curriculum. They often involve some time

commitment outside of the regular school day. (Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia).

Curriculum Developers also known as an instructional coordinator, is an

educational professional who focuses on the topics that students learn and the materials

that teachers use in the classroom. These professionals generally possess a graduate

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degree and have teaching or administrative experience. (Wikipedia, the Free

Encyclopedia).

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Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This review of related literature shows the effect of the shifting program in the

attitude towards learning of the Grade 7 and 8 students of Natividad High School. It

provides insight into the theoretical/conceptual background of the study.

Foreign Literature

The double-session system of schooling is a system whereby the school provides

education to different sessions (London, 2003). According to Bray (2008) this system

of schooling is a system whereby the school provides education to different categories

of the school age population at different sessions (morning and afternoon) of the school

day (London, 2003). According to Bray (2008) this system of schooling is a

characteristic of developing countries where human and material resources area very

scarce and where finance for the educational sector is limited. Many developing

countries adopted the policy to cater for the increasing enrolment in schools resulting

from educational policies geared towards improving access to education, such as the

abolition of school fees in public schools in many African countries (Lois and Kaitai

2013). Policy-makers adopted the double shift policy so that schools could use the

existing and very scarce educational facilities such as classrooms, textbooks, libraries

and other limited facilities to cater for more pupils by instituting two different teaching

sessions (shifts) during the school day (London, 2003). According to London (2003)

in all developing countries introducing this system, policy makers adopted it initially

as a temporary measure because of financial constraints but tended to become

permanent policy for addressing resource constraints on access to public schools

(London,2003). According to Bush (2003) one of the most serious consequences of

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double shift schooling is the deterioration of the school equipment such as furniture,

textbooks and buildings. Bray (2008) observed that teachers of both sessions often

complain about the condition in which they find the classroom; afternoon teachers

hardly enter a clean classroom; teachers complain that other teachers temper with their

teaching media such as posters, charts and artifacts. Kleihans (2008) argues that

morning shift teachers cannot leave work on the chalk board overnight because the

afternoon session will clean the chalkboard for their own use. As Bray (2008) observes,

this brings about a sense of less ownership of the classrooms and as a result everyone

is reluctant to take care of the classroom in order to create an atmosphere conducive for

effective learning.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302029194_Effects_of_Double_Seasoning_to_

Quality_Education_in_Mzilikazi_District_Primary_Schools_Teacher's_Perceptions

Local Literature

MANILA - If you were in grade 1 three decades ago, you would have spent at least

8 hours every day at school. This already included lunch and mid-morning breaks or

recess, said former Education Undersecretary Miguel Luz. Nowadays, he added, pupils

in overcrowded public elementary schools are expected to learn more, if not the same

amount of information, while spending half the time their predecessors spent in school.

“This is a problem of not enough teachers and not enough classrooms,” Luz explained.

Classes are double-shifted so that you can use the classroom twice a day.

But because of the practice of shifting, students either have to go to school very

early (as early as 5:30 am) if they are on the morning shift, or at dusk if they are part of

the afternoon shift. Luz, however, considers the idea preposterous. “This is crazy.

Double-shifting is just a coping mechanism,” he said. “The idea is to use it in the short-

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run but build infrastructure and hire teachers in the long term.” The real solution,

according to Luz, is to hire more teachers and build more classrooms. This should have

allowed the department to hire more teachers and build more classrooms. “What’s

happening though is its being spent on many other things such as distributing rice,

buying computers. They are spending on other things while ignoring the most

important. They are not dealing with the basic problem.”

https://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/09/18/09/shorter-classes-public-schools-hit
Synthesis

In the study of the double-session system of schooling and base on former Education

Undersecretary Miguel Luz, there may be encountered problems when it comes to

double-session system, for example students spend more time for other things rather

than the most important things. And every afternoon, the teachers hardly enter a clean

room because the morning students doesn’t clean the room and they will just leave the

room.

NATIVIDAD HIGH SCHOOL