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THE PROBLEM
Introduction
Absenteeism is a habit of being from work or school. In Malapatan Commented [1]: Staying away
Commented [2]: Unnecessary. Remove this
National High School, it is one of the problems encountered by teachers.
to determine its causes and effects later. It is very important because it Commented [3]: later its effects
has a great significance in the student’s success. Absenteeism in schools Commented [4]: students'
Commented [5]: Move to third paragraph
is the habit of staying away from school without providing a genuine or
any reason for not attending classes. It is a truant behavior that Commented [6]: Use a synonymous word. Replace.
cannot be denied that every now and then students may miss some
provided lunch at school, sexual abuse, living far away from school,
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Kamla-Raj (2011) also asserts that absenteeism affects the abilities
this the students may get failed and have to repeat same year level. Once
the student is absent from class, he or she will miss the opportunity to
When the students are always absent, this may lead to getting
development with their peers and at the same time impacts negatively on
able to know which part they fail. The students should learn to value the
important of going to school and what they could gain from it if only it is
done with a heart. Thus, this research will deeply find solution in order
2
A. Aaa
B. Ssss
A. Aaaa
B. Ssss
3. How does being absent affect the well-being of the grade XI Senior
A. Aaaa
B. Bbb
Significance of Study
sector in the society and may drive benefits from the result of this
studies.
School Administrators. This study would help them know the Commented [10]: Use "check" instead of "know"
record of the students if a student attends class regularly. If not, they Commented [11]: Other word than record.
Commented [12]: Students' record
will call a meeting and discuss about it. They may be able to help Commented [13]: Otherwise
3
Teachers. This study would help them encourage students to go to
Parents. This study would help them improve their child’s Commented [14]: the parents
attendance by working with the school along with the teachers to identify
Students. This study would help them minimize or refrain from Commented [15]: Their
absences as this may lead to failures. Thus, being able to understand Commented [16]: failing grades
and value knowledge and its importance upon going to school, they may
study and to gain another information about it. She may be able to share Commented [17]: absenteeism
determine the common causes of absenteeism, its effects and how they
literature and the result may be related to their study with regards to the
4
Scope and Delimitation
School. The respondents of the study is the selected grade XI students of Commented [18]: are
the said school. Since there are nine (9) sections: HUMSS A, HUMSS B,
STEM XI, ABM, EIM A, EIM B, SMAW, COOKERY, and Local Guiding,
the researcher would randomly select the participants for her study. This Commented [19]: utilized random sampling to
5
Chapter II
Absenteeism
feeling about school but also sourced by many different reasons (Gokyer,
including both excused and unexcused absences Balfanz and Byrnes (20
12).
6
absent from school. The students who do not come to schools, colleges
and universities regularly and not attend the classes are called absent.
Some students come in universities but not attend the classes also called
instructional time away from students those who attend regular classes.
They spend extra time over absentee extra homework and class
When students are absent from school, arrive late, or cut class,
planned for the time. Absences are also highest in the earliest years of
Teaching Strategies
7
Attwood and Croll (2016) stated that students negative attitude to
variables.
about absenteeism.
2008).
8
The root causes of absenteeism are often multifaceted and unique to
the level at which they impact the students attendance. Barriers such as
Barriers
child welfare or the juvenile justice system. Students may face one or
Physical Health
9
Any teacher can attest that annual colds, flu, and other common
suffering from poor oral health or tooth decay absent nearly three times
children with parents who report depressive symptoms are more likely to
abuse had the largest effects on the risk for chronic absenteeism, even
Mental Health
10
Students refusal reported that they felt the school was unsafe, they
Transportation
than two miles from school (National Center for Safe Routes to School,
because the neighborhood is unsafe or they live too far away, their
schedule and are not limited the fixed bus times of the traditional school
bus system. This change is credited with the improved attendance rates.
Students also reported benefitting from the flexibility to use the public
Housing Instability
11
Housing instability often contributes to transportation barriers,
students that have access to housing (da Costa Nunez et al., 2015).
Yildiz and Kula (2011), who suggest that low parents education
noticed that students from families with lower socio economic status are
poverty school may have difficult finding motivation for their studies and
influence, even student who are academically invested can find their
12
Cunningham (2010), absent students may have difficulty meeting
Effects of Absenteeism
Academic Performance
(Feldman et al., 2014). Early indicators have been identified for high
13
al (2011), they claim that there are students who remain absent of school
because of homework.
of exceed ones: Therefore the reasons for school institutions absences are
14
home then the students with an equal number of exceed ones: therefore
the reasons for school institutions absences are related to the extent to
al. 2008).
which is more commonly among the students who got low grades, has
spotted attendance and they dropped from class (Robbin and Coulter,
2007).
2005).
15
It is indicating by one author that absenteeism is act as crime
which is more commonly among the student who got low grades, have
spotted attendance and then they dropped from class (Robbin and
Couter, 2007).
classes. They also missed the interaction lecturer and benefits of specific
examples which are used to clarify the difficult concepts. They valuable
another, at one time want miss to a day of school, the general tendency
16
Low academic performance is a predictor of future absenteeism.
Related Studies
Balfanz and Byrnes (2012) have found that most of the students
and ethnic background do not appear to play a role in this. The youngest
and the oldest students tend to have the highest rates of chronic
fifth grades.
The result in the study of Teasly Pehlivan (2006) showed that the
Suhid, Aroff And Kamal’s (2012) result in their study revealed that
17
KomakechveOsuu (2014), have revealed in his study that 20.7% of
and additional fees contribution like; field work fee, school bus
performance. Attendance matters for all student and this report has
concluded that students who have negative attitude toward teachers and
school are more likely to absent. Finally, findings of this study showed
that students who have not clear goals are more likely to absent.
percentiles; 29% are bullies, bullied 19% .Have disrespect for teachers
19% are afflicted with gangs, and 13% are verbally abuse teachers
future oriented academic goals. The findings suggests the student with
18
Secondly, the finding of this study revealed student absenteeism
Adiguzel & Karadas (2013), Attwood & croll (2006) and Valiente et al.,
motivation/self-regulation.
The result in the study of Yildiz and Kual (2011) suggested that low
Additionally, the findings also noticed that student from families with
Internandez (2011) found out that students are more likely to have
19
The study of Nicole (2010) revealed that students who attend
students with high absence. This finding of this study is consistent with
more likely to absent. This study noticed that the student absenteeism
Prevention (2009), students with higher Truancy rates have the lowest
20
single parent working multiple jobs, lack contribute to truancy and
absenteeism.
lifetime of accomplishment.
with fifth grade at risk students. They found that these students
who absent from school received fever hours of instruction they often
leave education early and move likely to become long termed employed,
Wayt, 2008) these research suggest that prior GPA predicts student
21
negatively effects student academic achievement. In turn, poor academic
Definition of Terms
people are facing hard financial times and the impact on mental health
22
Transportation. Conceptually, it is a defined as issues of
animals and goods from one location to another. Commented [20]: Operationally? How you define it on your
study. It can be 'the distance travelled by the students from
their homes to school....'
being legitimately excused by school or per state law (Claes et al., 2009).
varied as the challenges our students and families face- including poor
percent or more of the academic year for any reason, including excused
23
and unexcused absences, suspensions and time missed due to changing
schools.
Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
School.
Research Locale
Research Respondents
24
The research respondents of this study was the selected grade XI Commented [21]: were
students of the said school. Since there are nine (9) sections namely
and Local Guiding. There are eleven (11) respondents in HUMSS A, as Commented [22]: were
well as in COOKERY, there are eight (8) respondents and Twelve (12)
Table I
NO. OF
RESPONDENTS
GRADE XI SECTIONS
HUMSS A 11
HUMSS B 11
STEM XI 6
ABM 7
EIM A 11
EIM B 13
SMAW 8
COOKERY 8
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LOCAL GUIDING 12
TOTAL 87
Research Instrument
questionnaire adopted from ….. The first questionnaire was used to Commented [23]: Where did you get the 2nd
questionnaire?
for the first part. The second questionnaire was used to determine the
effects of absenteeism which consist of ten (10) items for the second part. Commented [24]: delete this
The scale for the first part as well as the second part varies from the Commented [25]: Likert scale?
strongly agree (5) to strongly disagree (1). Commented [26]: You say, "The researcher utilized a Likert
Scale in determining and measuring the respondent's opinion
or attitude towards a given subject.
Commented [27]: What do you call that scale?
Data Gathering Procedure
to the Principal to allow her conduct the said study. Upon approval the
researcher would go to the selected grade 11 students and coordinated Commented [28]: Went
with the advisers and availability. Upon agreed date the questionnaire
Statistical Treatment
26
To quantitatively describe the obtained weighted mean, the Likert
This Chapter presents, analyze and interprets the data of the study
for investigation. The various results regarding The Causes and Effects of
Table 2
27
3. It is because I don’t have life safety at school. 3.57 Highly Affected
17. I don’t see good anything in going to school. 3.29 Moderately Affected
18. My friends are from out of school environment. 3.45 Moderately Affected
Legend: Strongly Agree (5), Agree (4), Neutral (3), Disagree (2), Strongly Disagree (1)
28
following indicators are Moderately Affected as it indicate by its
(WM=3.20).
Table 3
2. Due to absenteeism I can’t raise questions about any 3.50 Highly Affected
confusion regarding topics.
3. Due to absenteeism I miss the chance to clear their concepts 3.57 Highly Affected
by missing the valuable information.
4. If I am absent from class, I have poor coordination with my 3.33 Moderately Affected
classmates in our group studies.
5. If I am absent from class, I lead to poor coordination with my 3.34 Moderately Affected
classmates in the group projects.
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7. Recurrent absenteeism leads me to drop out grade activities. 3.49 Moderately Affected
9. Due to absenteeism and poor coordination lead to miss the 3.60 Highly Affected
chance to take the guide line about preparing the assignments.
10. Due to absenteeism I am unable to update for their 3.50 Highly Affected
assignments.
Legend: Strongly Agree (5), Agree (4), Neutral (3), Disagree (2), Strongly Disagree (1)
30
coordination with my classmates in our group studies (WM=3.33);
affected in absenteeism.
Chapter V
Summary
31
1. What are the Causes of Absenteeism that commonly happen to
Findings
Moderately Affected that commonly happen to the students having the Commented [30]: What? I don't get it.
moderate obtained weighted mean of 3.49 Commented [31]: What is tje primary cause of absenteeism
in your study, which gets HIGHLY AFFECTED. example. The
result of the study shows that Teacher Factor is the main
reason for students absenteeism for it showed highly affected
2. The results of the study shows the effects of absenteeism have a with an MPS of ......"
Highly Affected that commonly happen to the students having the High
obtained weighted mean of 3.51. Commented [32]: Among the Effects which results to highly
affected? Least or moderate?
32
3. It affects their studies specially when it comes on grades and
lack of knowledge and it has a higher possibility that they may repeat the
Conclusions
formulated:
Malapatan National High School. Commented [33]: Improve this. Base it from the result of
your study.
Recommendations
formulated:
33
avoid absences from class. They might get higher and passing grades and
so that they are aware of what causes and effects of absenteeism affects
their studies. Through the results, they could adjust and minimize
absences.
research about the causes and effects of absenteeism and it’s significant
absences.
REFERENCES
http://new.every1graduated.org/wpcontent/uploads/2016/09/Pr
eventingMissedOpportunityFull_FINAL.pdf
34
Attwood, G., &Croll, P. (2006). Truancy in secondary school pupils:
Prevalence, trajectories and pupil perspectives. Research Papers in
Education, 21, 467-484.
Chang, H. N., Bauer, L., & Byrnes, V. (2018). Data maters: Using chronic
absence to accelerate action for student success. Attendance
Works and Everyone Graduates Center. Retrieved from
http://www.attendanceorks.org/data-matters/.
Gokyer, N. (2012).
OrtaogretimOkullarindakiDevamsizlikNedenlerineJliskin
OgrenciGorusleri.KastamonuEgitimDergisi, 20/3,913-938.
35
Henry, K. L. (2007). Who’s skipping school: Characteristics of truants in
8th and 10th grade? Journal of School Health, 77(1), 29-35.
https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=site&srcid
https://researchgate.net/publication
https://sites.google.com/site/bilocuraandgvia/notes/chapteriireviewofre
latedliteratureandstudies
https://www.academia.edu/28672741
https://www.academia.edu/7729575/CHAPTER_2_Review_of_RElated_L
iterature_and_Studies
36
Robbins, S, P., & Coulter, M. (2007).Principle of management, Prentice
Hall Inc.
Smink, J., & Reimer, M (2005). Fifteen effective strategies for improving
student attendance and reducing truancy: National Droport
Prevention Center/Network. Clemson University.Retrived from
http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED48683.pdf
37
Wadersango, N., &Machingambi, S. (2011). Causes and Structural
Effects of Students Absenteeism: A case study of three South
African Universities, J SocSci, 26/2, 89-97.
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