ICSE X | PHYSICS

Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

ICSE Board
Class X Physics
Gold Series
Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Section 1
Answer 1
(a) No, the couple acting on a rigid body can cause only rotatory motion. It cannot produce
translatory motion.

(b) 1 J = 1 N 1m
= 1 kg m s−2 1 m
= 1 kg m2 s−2
= 1000 g (100 cm) 2 s−2
= 107 g cm2 s−2
1 J = 107 ergs

(c) No, because a part of input is wasted

(i) in moving the parts of the machine
(ii) in overcoming friction between various parts of the machine

(d)

According to the question,

L + W = 2 T and E = T
L=2T–W
L 2T  W
Mechanical advantage= 
E T
W
=2-
T
W
=2-
E

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

(e)
p2
We know that kinetic energy K=
2m
K1 p12 2m2
or  
K 2 2m1 p22
Here p1  p2 , m1  5 g, m2  35 g
K1 m2 35 7
 =  
K 2 m1 5 1
K 1 : K 2  7 :1

Answer 2
(a) The first beaker will have water at a higher temperature because of hidden heat (latent
heat) which is released by steam at 100°C when it condenses to form water at 100°C.

(b) The image is enlarged and erect; therefore, the lens is convex, and the measurement of
O′F will give the focal length of the lens.

(c) In the minimum deviation position,

Angle of incidence (i) = Angle of emergence (e)
Angle of refraction (r₁) = Angle of refraction (r₂)

c
(d) r < v as  =  vr > vv, i.e. red light in glass travels faster than voilet light.
v

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

(e)

Answer 3
(a) It depends on the angle of incidence i, the thickness of the slab and the refractive index
of the slab.

(b) Given:
Distance between Reema and the building, (d) = 167 m

Speed of sound (v) = 334 m s−1,

t =?
2d 2  167 m
Time interval t=  1 s
v 334 ms1

(c) Cloud cover traps the heat radiated by the ground at night between the ground and the
cloud making us feel warmer. On a clear night, no such trapping of heat takes place.

(d) The specific latent heat of ice means that 1 kg of ice at 0°C absorbs 3,36,000 J of heat to
convert to water at 0°C, or 1 kg of water at 0°C will liberate 3,36,000 J of heat to
convert to ice at 0°C.

(e) Given
R = 0.2 Ω
P = 10 kW = 10000 W
V = 220 V
Power loss in line = i2r
2
P  P=Vi 
  R  
V  i  P / V 
2
 1000 W 
   0.2 
 220 V 
 413 W=0.413 KW

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Answer 4
(a) By using the magnetic effect of current, i.e. when a magnetic needle is placed on the
wall, it will show deflection due to the concealed current-carrying wire.

(b) Effective resistance between A and E of network AFE is given by:

1 1 1
 
R 1 (R AF  R FE ) R AE
1 1 2
=  
(3  3) 6 6
R1  3 
Effective resistance of network AFEDC is given by
R 2  R 2  R DC
=3+3=6 
Now R 2 , R AC and R ABC are parallel so effective resistance between A and C is given by
1 1 1 1
  
R 3 R 2 R AC R ABC
1 1 1
=    R AB and R BC are in series
R 2 R AC (R AB  R BC )
1 1 1 1
  
R 3 6 6 (3  3)
1 1 1 1 3 1
       R3  2 
R3 6 6 6 6 2

(c) Steel or alnico is used for making permanent magnets because of their large value of
coactivity.

(d) Yes, in α-decay, the element shifts two places left in the periodic table. In β-decay, the
element shifts one place right in the periodic table.

(e) In a TV set, electrons are accelerated by about 5000 V and strike the screen due to
which soft X-rays are produced which can damage our body. These X-rays are absorbed
by a length of a few feet of air due to ionisation by collisions. Thus, it is advisable to
watch TV from a distance of about 10–12 feet.

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Section 2
Answer 5
(a)
i. An inclined plane is used by labourers to load heavy barrels on a truck.
ii. No, a single fixed pulley does not produce any multiplication of force. It is useful
because it helps us to apply force in a more convenient direction.

(b) Let the lady of mass 60 kg sit at a distance x from the fulcrum.

According to the principle of moments,

Clockwise moments = Anticlockwise moments
40 kg ⨯ g ⨯3.5 m + 30 kg × g ⨯1.5 m = 60 kg ⨯ g ⨯ x
⇒ (140 + 45) kg m = 60 ⨯ x kg
⇒ x = 185/60
⇒ x = 3.08 m

(c) Weight of water lifted = 20 ⨯ 10 N = 200 N

Work done = 200 N ⨯ 10 m = 2000 J
Work done 2000 joule
Power=   200 Js1  200 watt
Time Taken 10 s

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Answer 6
(a) A real, inverted and diminished image is formed between F₂ and 2 F₂.

(b)

The angle of incidence at N inside the prism is less than 42°; therefore, the ray is able to
emerge along NP.

(c) The absolute refractive index of a medium is given by

sin i c
n 
sin r v
where c  speed of light in vaccume, v- speed of light in medium. Thus for some angle
of incidence
c sin r
v
sin i
or v  sin r
i.e. v will be minimum for the medium in which r or angle of refreaction r is minimum.
Thus, the speed of light is minimum in medium (I).

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Answer 7

(a) Let x₁ and x₂ be the distances of the two cliffs from the observer.
Then 2x₁= 340 m s−1 ⨯ 5 s
⇒ 2x₁= 1700 m
⇒ x₁ = 850 m
2x₂ = 340 m s−1 ⨯ 7 s = 2380
⇒ x₂ = 1190 m
Distance between the two cliffs = x₁ + x₂
= 850 + 1190
= 2040 m

(b) Dissimilarities:
Sound waves Light waves
(i) These are longitudinal waves (also (i)These are transverse waves (also known
known as mechanical waves) which need a as electromagnetic waves) which do not
medium to travel. need a medium to travel.
(ii) Their speed in air is 332 ms−1. (ii) Their speed is 3  108 ms−1.

Similarities: Both sound waves and light waves obey the laws of reflection and refraction
and exhibit the phenomenon of interference.
(c)
i. We know that the frequency of the string depends on the length of the string
(l), mass per unit length of the string (m) and tension of the string (T).
1 T
i.e. v 
2l m
Hence, tension and length are changed to bring about the desired tuning.
ii.
1. Figure 2 represents the vibrations of the largest amplitude, and Figure 3
represents the vibration of the fundamental note.
 2
2. For figure (1), l=3  1  1  l
2 3
v v 3v
 Frequency,  1   
1 2l/3 2l
2 v 2v
For figure (2), l=2   
2 l 2l
For figure (3),
v v
 Frequency,  3  
3 2l
3v 2v v
v1 : v 2 : v3  : :  3:2:1
2l 2l 2l

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Answer 8
(a) When the salt crystal dissolves, its crystal lattice is destroyed. The process requires
certain amount of energy, i.e. latent heat which is taken from water. In the second
vessel, a part of the intermolecular bonds of the crystal has already been destroyed in
crushing the crystal. Hence, less energy is required to dissolve the powder. Therefore,
the water will be at a higher temperature.

(b) Given that m = 1 kg

Initial temperature = −10°C
In this case, heat energy is required in the following four steps:

1. Heat energy required to raise the temperature of ice from −10°C to 0°C
= m ⨯ c (ice) ⨯ rise in temperature
= 1 ⨯ (2.1 ⨯ 103) ⨯ [0 − (−10)]
= 21 ⨯ 103 J
2. Heat energy required to melt ice at 0°C into water at 0°C
= mLice
= 1 ⨯ (336 ⨯ 103)
= 336 ⨯ 103 J
3. Heat energy required to increase the temperature of melted ice water from 0°C
to 100°C
= m ⨯c (water) ⨯ rise in temperature
= 1⨯ (4.2⨯ 103) ⨯ (100 − 0)
= 420 ⨯ 103 J
4. Heat energy required for vaporisation of water
= mLsteam
= 1 ⨯ (2268⨯ 103)
= 2268 ⨯ 103 J
∴ Total heat energy required
= (21 + 336 + 420 + 2268) ⨯ 103
= 3045 ⨯ 103 J
= 3045 kJ
(c) Let the thermal capacity of the vessel be C' J K−1
Heat energy given by hot water = 40 × 4.2 × (60 − 30) = 5040 J
Heat energy taken by cold water = 50 × 4.2 × (30 − 20) = 2100 J
Heat energy taken by vessel = C' × (30 − 20) = 10 C' J
If there is no loss of heat energy,
Heat energy given by hot water = Heat energy taken by cold water and vessel
Or 5040 = 2100 + 10 C'
Or 10 C' = 2940
Or C'= 294 J K−1
Thus, the thermal capacity of the vessel = 294 J K−1.

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Answer 9
(a) The electric fuse is a device used to limit the current in an electric circuit.
It has the following characteristics:
i. Fuse has a high resistance and low melting point.
ii. Fuse is made of an alloy of lead and tin.
iii. Fuse is always connected to the live wire of the circuit.

(b)

i. N and S are strong horseshoe permanent magnets.

ii. ABCD is a soft iron core armature having a large number of turns of insulated
copper wire wound on it.
iii. S₁ and S₂ are slip rings.
iv. B₁ and B₂ are carbon brushes.

(c) Given:
P = 100 W
V = 230 volt
T = 20 × 60 s
v2 (230 V)2
Resistance of bulb, R= 
P 100 W
Supply voltage V′ = 115
Therefore, the heat and light energy produced by the bulb in 20 minutes
v'2 (115 V)2  (20  60)s
= t
R 529 
=30,000 J

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Gold Series – Sample Paper – 1 Solution

Answer 10
(a) 1 eV = 1.602 × 10−19 J
190 MeV = 190 × 1.602 × 106 × 10−19 J
= 3.04 × 10−11 J

(b)
i. Number of protons
ii. An element becomes radioactive when
1. Its atomic number exceeds 82.
2. There is an imbalance of protons and neutrons as compared to a normal
stable atom.

(c)
i.     
ii.     
92 U+ 0 n 
iii. 235  148
57 La  35 Br  3 0 n  186 Mev
1 85 1

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