TEACHING AND

OBJECTIVES TIME CONTENT LEARNING EVALUATION

ACTIVITIES
4 min Introduction: The health care system is undergoing What is the current
change. Escalating health care costs, expanding emphasis about
technology, changing patterns of demographics, health?
shorter hospital stays, increased client acuity and
limited access to health care are some of the factors
motivating change. Nurse understands of health
and wellness largely determines the scope and
nature of nursing practice. Client’s health beliefs
also influence their health practices. Currently
health care providers are increasing their emphasis
on promoting health and wellness in individual,
family and community.
Because health is such a complex concept
various researchers has developed models or
paradigms to explain health and in some instances
its relationship to illness or injury .Models can be
help full in assisting health professionals to meet
the health and wellness needs of individual.
Explain aspects 3 min What are the Answered
Aspects of wellness and well-Being:
of wellbeing and aspects of wellness aspects of well-
wellness Wellness: It is a state of wellbeing .basic aspects of and well-being? being and
wellness include self responsibility, an ultimate goal wellness
dynamic growing process, daily decision making in the
areas of nutrition, stress management, physical fitness, and
 preventive health care and emotional health.

Anspaugh, Hamrick and Rosato in (2006) proposed seven

components of wellness. To maintain optimal health people
should deal with seven components they are

Physical, Social, Emotional, Intellectual, Spiritual,

occupational and Environment.

Well-being: It is a subjective perception of vitality and

feeling well. Can be described objectively, experienced and
measured and can be plotted on a continuum( Hood and
Leddy 2003)
Explain meaning 2min Meaning of a model in nursing practice: A model is an
Of model in idea that explains by using symbolic and physical
nursing practice visualization, models can be used to facilitate thinking about
concepts and relationship between them or to map out the
research process.
Define model of 2min Project transparency Defined model
Definition of a model in nursing practice: “ models are on definition of of nursing
nursing practice
the representation of the interaction among and between the model in nursing practice
concepts showing patterns” Maninder kaur (2016) practice
Conceptual Model: “ A conceptual model gives direction
to the search for relevant questions about the phenomena of
central interests to a discipline and suggest solution to
practical problems ” Fawcett(2000)
 Importance of Nursing Models:

Enumerate 3 min - Help to improve the quality of nursing care Flip charts for Enumerated the
importance of - Helps to accumulate nursing knowledge importance of importance of
models in - Helps in nursing research nursing practice nursing models
nursing practice - It will increase patients satisfaction with nursing care and model.
job satisfaction for the nurses .
- Helps to take ethical actions in ethical dilemmas when
giving care to the patients.
MODELS OF NURSING PRACTICE
a) Holistic Health Model
List the models b) Health Belief Model
of health practice 3min
c) Health Promotion Model
d) Clinical Model
e) Role Performance Model
f) Adaptive Model
g) Agent-Host- environment model

a. Holistic Health Model:( Suzan walter) In this Present holistic

Describe models 5 min model emotional and spiritual wellbeing is considered health model on
of health care as important dimension of individual. chart
practice - Efforts are taken to promote health at its optimal level.
- The patients are involved in their own health care so that
they can have personal control over their health, like
music therapy, massage therapy, laughter therapy,bio
feedback and guided imagery.
- Research studies have proven that these studies are
successful in controlling the problems.
 Benefits of this therapy:
- They are non invasive
- Non pharmacological
- No side effects
- Distract client during pain.
5 min b) Health Belief model: In this model the relationship PowerPoint
between person’s beliefs and behavior is explained. presentation of
This model is developed by Rosenstoch 1974. health belief model
This model helps to understand clients behavior
towards his health and how he adjusts with
interventions/ health services.

Components of this model:

 Individual perceptions: It means how individual

perceives or feels about developing illness

Example: If in the past two generations family members

died due to diabetes now the offspring and third
generation may perceive himself as susceptible to
diabetes.

 Individual’s perception of the seriousness of

illness: It means how serious the illness from which is
client suffers. This perception is influenced by
psychological factors, complications, recovery of
illness and advice from close relatives.
 The likely hood of action: Likely hood of actions
 may be taking preventive actions like weight
control,dietcontrol,exercises,regular health checkups
and life style modifications.
5 min c) Health promotion Model (by ): The health PowerPoint
promotion model is proposed by Nola J.Pender .This presentation of
model describes the multi dimensional nature of health promotion
persons as they interact with in their environment to model
pursue health. It is directed towards increasing a
client’s level of wellbeing.
The model focus on the following areas
 Individual characteristics and experiences
 Behavioral outcomes
 It has importance on motivational significance
 The set of variables for behavior specific
knowledge which can be modified by nursing
actions.
 Health promotion behavior results in
-improved health
- enhanced functional ability
- Better quality of life at all stages of
development.

Major concepts of health promotion model: What are the major

concepts of health Answered the
 Personal factors: biological, psychological and promotion model? question.
sociocultural
 Personal and biological factors: age, gender,
 bodymass index, ability, strength.
 Personal socio cultural factors: Variables such
as race, ethnicity, education and socioeconomic
status.
 Personal and psychological factors: self esteem
self motivation, personal competence
 Perceived benefits of action: Anticipated
positive outcome that will occur from health
behavior
 Perceived self efficacy, Judgement of personal
capability is to organize and execute a health
promoting behavior.

d) Clinical model: the narrowest interpretation of

4 min health occurs in this model .People are viewed as
physiologic systems with related functions and health
is defined as absence of signs and symptoms of
disease or injury. In this model the opposite of health
is disease or injury.

e) Role performance model: Health id defined

as the individual’s ability to fulfill societal roles that
is to perform his or work. People perform several
roles like mother, daughter etc.According to this
model people who can fulfill their roles are healthy
even they have clinical illness.
f) Adaptive model (Sister Callista Roy,
 1999): In the adaptive model health is a creative
process disease is a failure in adaptation. The aim of
treatment is to restore the ability of the person to
adapt. The focus of this model is stability although
there is an element of growth and change. Described the
models of
4 min nursing practice
g) Agent –Host – Environmental model
(LEAVELL & CLARK, 1965): The model is
primarily used in predicting illness rather than
promoting wellness. It has three dynamic interactive
elements.1)Agent
2) Host
3) Environment

Because of these factors constantly interacting with

each other health is an ever changing state when
variables are in balance.
Name of the student teacher : S. Krupa Jyothirmai.

Subject : Fundamentals of Nursing

Unit : 2

Topic : Models in Nursing Pactice

Method of Teaching : Lecture method

Group : 1st Year B.S.C (N) students

Size and number of group :

Place : 1st year B.S.C (N) class room

Date : 3-4-2019

Time and duration : 45 minutes

Previous Knowledge :

A.V Aids : 1.Blackboard

2. O.H.P

3. Chart
 4. Flipchart

5. PowerPoint

Name of the Guide :

Name of the H.O.D : Dr. Mrs. K. T. Sheeba

H.O.D Nursing Education Department.

Student Teacher Objectives:

By the end of the class

 Gain skills in selection of appropriate method of teaching

 Gain skill in introducing the topic
 Gain skill in organizing the content
 Gains skill in questioning
 Gains skill in preparation presentation and preservation of A.V.AIDS
 Gain skills in maintaining discipline
 Gains skill in Maintaining timing
General Objective: By the end of the class students will be able to gain in depth knowledge regarding Models in
Nursing Practice.

Specific Objectives: By th end of the class students will be able to

 Explain aspects of wellbeing and wellness

 Explain meaning of models in nursing practice
 Define model of nursing practice
 Enumerate importance of models in nursing practice
 List the models of health practice
 Describe models of health care practice
Research study:

A study was done by Hsiang- Chupai and Chia-Chili on Association between illness representation
and psychological distress in stroke patients. A total of 507 participants were taken for the study. For
patients’ perceived anxiety and depression, with 285 to 461 participants were examined in terms of the
average corrected correlation coefficient across the studies. It was found that stroke patients’
perception of a strong illness identity and emotional responses were significantly and positively
related to anxiety and depression
Summary:

To summarize the topic we have discussed that current emphasis is on promotion of health and
dividual, family and community. Health Models help us to understand the various behaviors and
perceptions of individual regarding health and illness and how the individual is responsible for his
own health. Preventive actions like weight control, dietcontrol, exercises, regular health checkups and
life style modifications. Individual characteristics and experiences. Behavioral outcomes importance
on motivational significance.
Bibliography:

Kozier and Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing concepts, process and practices,

8th edition,California:Addison Wesley longman, Inc.1998.

Lakhinder kaur, maninder kaur.textbook of Nursing Foundations,

Jalander city,medical publishers 2016

Caroline Bunker rosdhal.Textbook of Basic Nursing 7th edition Philadelphia 1999.

International Journal of Nursing Studies, Volume 94, Pages 42-50.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12383186

Plan of Assignment:

Write assignment on advantages and disadvantages in models of nursing practice

General Objective: By the end of the class students will be able to gain in depth knowledge regarding Models in
Nursing Practice.

Specific Objectives: By the end of the class students will be able to

 Explain aspects of wellbeing and wellness

 Explain meaning of models in nursing practice
 Define model of nursing practice
 Enumerate importance of models in nursing practice
 List the models of health practice
 Describe models of health care practice
Submitted To: Submitted By:

Dr. Mrs. K. T. Sheeba S. Kupa Jyothirmai

H.O.D Nursing Education Department. M.Sc.(N) 1st year.