PEDIA NOTES

MKD Computation

mL/dose = weight x mkd x prep(mL/mg)

*if per day, divide total (mL) by the # of

divided doses

Dose x preparation x frequency = mkd

weight

*frequency is not used in Paracetamol

computation
ANTIBIOTICS
Pen G 100-200 T ukD
Benzathine 1.2MU/vial, 2.4MU/vial (IM)
Pen G
Crystalline 1MU/vial, 5MU/vial (IM, IV)
Ampicillin 50-100mkD q12/8
250mg, 500mg, 1g vial (IM,IV)
Ampicillin-
Sulbactam 500mg+250mg, 1000mg+500mg,
2000mg+1000mg vial (IM, IV)
Amoxicillin 30-50 mkD q8
250mg, 500mg cap
100mg/mL drops susp, 15mL
250mg/5mL susp, 60mL
Cloxacillin 50-100 mkD q6
500mg cap
250mg/5mL, 60mL
Amikacin 15 mkD LD; 10mkD MD q12
50mg/mL, 100mg/mL, 125mg/mL
& 250mg/mL, 2mL ampul/vial (IM,
IV)
100mg, 250mg, 500mg & 1g vial
(IM, IV)
Gentamicin 5-8 mkD OD
10mg/mL, 2mL amp/vial (IM, IV)
40mg/mL, 2mL amp/vial (IM, IV)
Tetracycline 25-50 mkD
250mg & 500mg cap (O)
Co- 5-8 mkD q12
trimoxazole 400mg+80 mg cap
800mg+160mg cap
200mg+40mg/5mL susp, 70mL
&120mL
400mg+80mg/5mL susp, 60mL
400mg+80mg, 5mL ampul (IV)
Co- Follow amoxicillin component
Amoxiclav 500mg+125mg tab
875mg+125mg tab
200mg+28.5mg/5mL susp, 70mL
400mg+57mg/5mL susp, 70mL
600mg+42.9mg/5mL susp
Erythro- 30-50 mkD; not to exceed >1g
mycin 500mg tab
200mg/5mL susp, 60mL
400mg/5mL susp, 50 & 60mL
Ointment: 0.5%, 3.5g & 5g tube
Clarithro- 15 mkD q12
mycin 250mg & 500mg tab
125mg/5mL, 250mg/5mL susp,
50mL
Azithromycin 10 mkD
250mg cap, 250mg & 500mg tab
250mg/5mL susp, 15mL & 60mL
500mg powder, vial
Chloram- 50-100 mkD q6/8
phenicol 500mg cap
125mg/5mL susp, 60mL, 1g vial (IV
Clindamycin 20-50 mkD q6/8
150mg & 300mg cap
75mg/5mL susp, 60mL
150mg/mL, 2mL, 4mL amp (IM, IV)
Cefalexin 25-50 mkD q6
(1st) 500mg cap
100mg/mL drops, 10 mL
125mg/5mL susp, 30 mL
250mg/5mL susp, 60 mL
Cefazolin 50-100 mkD
(1st) 500mg, 1g vial (IM, IV)
Cefaclor 20-40 mkD q8
(2nd) 250mg, 500mg cap
125mg/5mL, 250mg/5mL
Cefuroxime 20-40 mkD q12; 50-100 mkD q8 IV
(2nd) 500mg tab
125mg/5mL susp, 70 mL
250mg/5mL susp, 120 mL
250 mg & 750mg vial (IM, IV)
1.5g vial (IV)
Ceftazidime 100-150 mkD q8 IV
(3rd) 250mg, 500mg, 1g vial (IM, IV)
2g vial (IV)
Ceftriaxone 50-100 mkD OD IV
(3rd) 250mg, 500mg, 1g vial (IM, IV)
Cefotaxime 100-200 mkD q4-6
(3rd) 250mg, 500mg vial (IM, IV)
Cefixime (3rd) 3-8 mkD q12
200mg, 400mg cap
20mg/mL drops, 10mL
100mg/5mL susp, 60mL
Meropenem 20 mkD q12(septic)
(restricted) 40 mkD q12 (meningitic)
500mg, 1g vial (IV)
Piperacillin 200-300 mkD q6
Tazobactam 2g+250mg vial (IV)
4g+500mg vial (IV)
ANALGESICS/ANTIPYRETICS
Paracetamol 10-15 mkd q4/6
300mg & 500mg tab
100mg/mL drops, 15mL
120mg/5mL (125mg/5mL)
syrup/susp 30mL, 60mL, 120mL
250mg/5mL syrup/susp, 30mL,
60mL, 120mL
150mg/mL, 2mL amp (IM,IV)
10mg/mL, 50mL, 100mL vial
125mg, 250mg suppository
Ibuprofen 5-10 mkD q6/8
200mg, 400mg tab
100mg/5mL susp/syrup 60mL
200mg/5mL susp, 60mL
Mefenamic 6.5 mkd
Acid 250mg, 500mg tab/cap
Aspirin 60-80 mkD q6/8
Not >2g/D
80mg, 100mg, 300mg, 325 tab
ANTIHISTAMINE
Diphen- 1 mkd IV
hydramine 2-6y/o: 2-5mL q6/8
6-12 y/o: 5mL
25mg, 50mg cap
12.5mg/5mL syrup 30mL, 60mL
50mg/mL, 1mL amp (IM, IV)
Hydroxizine 1-2 mkD q6/8
10mg, 20mg tab
2mg/mL

STEROIDS
Prednisone 1-2 mkD q12
BSA x 60mkD (Nephrotic)
5mg, 10mg, 20mg tab
10mg/5mL susp, 60 mL
Hydro- 10mkd LD q6/8; 5mkd MD
cortisone 4mkd q6/8
5mg, 20mg tab
50mg/mL, 2mL vial (IM, IV)
125mg/mL, 2mL vial (IV)
100mg, 250mg vial (IV)
1%, 5g, 10g tube cream
1%, 2.5%, 25mL bottle lotion
BRONCHODILATORS
Salbutamol 0.15 mkd
2mg/5mL syrup 60mL
1mg/mL, 2.5mL neb
2mg/mL, 2.5mL neb
Theophylline 7 mkd LD; 20mkd MD
150mg, 200mg tab
200mg MR tab
25mg/5mL syrup, 100mL

ANTI-PARASITISM
Meben- 200 mkD single dose
dazole 500mkD single dose
100mg, 500mg/tab
50mg/mL susp, 10mL
100mg/5mL susp, 30mL, 60mL
Metro- 30-50 mkD q8 x 10days
nidazole 250mg, 500mg tab
125mg/5mL, 200mg/5mL susp
60mL
5mg/mL, 100mL vial
ANTICONVULSANTS
Diazepam 0.3-0.5 mkd IM
Not to exceed 10 mkD
5mg tab
5mg/mL, 2mL amp (IM, IV)
Pheno- 3-5 mkd
barbital 10-20 mkd LD; 5mkD q12 MD
15mg, 30mg, 60mg, 90mg tab
120mg/mL (130mg/mL), 1 mL
amp (IM, IV)
Phenytoin 5-7 mkd
10-20 mkd LD; 5 mkD q12 MD
100mg cap
30m/5mL susp 120mL
125mg/mL, 2mL, 5mL amp (IV)
Valproic 12 mkD LD
Acid Nor >60 mkD
250mg/5mL syrup, 120 mL
500mg/5mL IV, 5 mL vial (IV)
ANTI-ULCER
Ranitidine 1 mkd q8
150mg, 300mg tab
75mg/5mL syrup 60mL, 150mL
25mg/mL, 2mL amp/vial (IM, IV)
Omeprazole 0.6-0.7 mkD OD
20mg, 40mg cap
40mg vial (IV)

ANTIVIRALS
Acyclovir 100 mkD q6
Amantadine <8 y/o: 5-9 mkD q12
>8 y/o: 100-200
Not to exceed > 200mg/d

ANTIFUNFAL
Fluconazole 6 kmd LD, 3 mkd MD
50 mg, 150mg, 200mg cap
2mg/mL, 100mL vial (IV, SC)
Keto- <15kg: 5 mkD
conazole >20kg: 100mg OD
>30kg: 200mg OD
Griseofulvin 10 mkD
Amphotericin 0.3-0.7 mkD
-B (restricted) 50mg, 100mg vial (IV)
OTHERS
Epinephrine 0.1-0.3 mL/kg IV
Carbo- 100mg/5mL
cisteine 8-12y/o: 15 mL
(Solmux) q8 4-7 y/o: 10mL
2-3 y/o: 5mL
200mg/5mL
8-12y/o: 7.5 mL
4-7 y/o: 5mL
2-3 y/o: 2.6mL
Solmux 5mL suspension
Broncho 7-12 y/o: ½ to 1 tsp qid
Salbutamol 2mg
Carbocisteine
500mg
Cetirizine 5mg/5mL
>12 y/o: 2 tsp OD
6-11 y/o: 2 tsp OD or 1 tsp BID
2-5 y/o: 1 tsp OD or ½ tsp BID
2.5mg/mL (drops)
2-5 y/o: 2mL OD or 1mL BID
6mo - <2 y/o: 1 mL OD
Cinnarizine 25 mg
(Stugerone)
Betahistine 8-16 mg TID
(Serc)
GI Repair
Zinc < 6 mos: 10mg OD X 10-14 days
> 6 mos: 20mg OD x 10-14 days
10 mg chewable tab
30 mg tablet
10mg/mL drops, 15mL
20mg/5mL syrup, 60mL
70mg/5mL syrup, 60mL & 120mL
BODY TEMPERATURE

Subnormal < 36.6 C

Normal 37.4 C
Subfebrile 37.5 – 38.0 C
Febrile 38.0
High Fever > 39.5 C
Hyperpyrexia > 42.0 C

VITAL SIGNS

AGE HR (bpm) BP (mmHg) RR (cpm)

Preterm 120-170 55-75 / 35-45 40-70
Term 120-160 65-85 / 45-55 30-60
0-3 mo 100-150 65-85 / 45-55 35-55
3-6 mo 90-120 70-90 / 50-65 30-45
6-12 mo 80-120 80-100 / 55-65 25-40
1-3 yrs 70-110 90-105 / 55-77 20-30
3-6 yrs 65-110 95-110 / 60-75 20-25
6-12 yrs 60-95 100-120 / 60-75 14-22
12-17 yrs 55-85 110-135 / 65-85 12-18
ABG

pH: 7.35 – 7.45 HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

pCO2: 35-45 BE: +/- 2 mEq/L
pO2: 80-100 O2 Sat: 97%

Normal laboratory Values

NB Infant Child Adole
RBC 4.8 – 7.1 3.8 – 5.5 3.8 – 5.5 M: 4.6 -6.2
F: 4.2 – 5.4
WBC 9-30,000 6-17,500 5-10,000 6-10,000
Neut 61% 61% 60% 60%
Lymph 31% 32% 30% 30%
Hgb 14-24 11-20 11-16 M: 14-18
F: 12-16
Hct 44-64 35-49 31-46 M: 40-54
F: 37-47
Plt 140-300 200-423 150-450 150-450
Retic 2.6-6.5 0.5-3.1 0-2 0-2
BT 1-5 min 1-6 min 1-6 min 1-6 min
CT 5-8 min 5-8 min 5-8 min 5-8 min
PT 12-20 s 12-14 s 12-14 s 12-14 s
BMI

Asian Caucasian
Underweight <18.5 <18.5
Normal <18.5 – 22.9 18.5 – 24.9
Overweight ≥ 23.0 25 – 29.9
At risk 23 – 24.9
Obese I 25 – 29.9 30 – 39.9
Obese II ≥ 30 ≥ 40
DIARRHEA TRATMENT PLAN B

Recommended amount of ORS over 4-hour period:

Age up to 4 mos 12 mos 2 yrs 5 yrs

Wt (kg) <6 6 - 9.9 10 – 11.9 12 - 19
In mL 200 - 400 400 - 700 700 - 900 900 - 1400

 Use child’s age only when weight is not

known
Approximate amount of ORS (mL) =
Child’s Weight (kg) x 75
 If the child wants more ORS than shown, give
more
 Giv e frequent small sips from a cup
 If the child v omits, wait 10 mins then resume
 Continue breastfeeding whenever the child
wants

After 4 hours:
 Reassess the child and classify dehydration
status
 Select the appropriate plan to continue
treatment
 Begine feeding the child while at the clinic
DIARRHEA TRATMENT PLAN C

Treat severe dehydration QUICKLY!

 Start IV fluid immediately

 If the child can drink, giv e ORS by mouth
while the IV drip is being set up
 Giv e 100mL/kg Lactated Ringer’s solution

Age First, give: Then, give:

30 mL/kg in 70 mL/kg in
Infants
1 hour * 5 hours
(<12 mos)
Children
30 mins 2 ½ hours
(12 mos-5 yrs)

* repeat once if radial pulse is v ery weak or not

detectable

 Reassess the child ev ery 15-30 mins; if

dehydration is not improv ing, give IV fluid
more rapidly
 Also giv e ORS (5mL/kg/hr) as soon as the
child can drink
o Usually after 3 hours in infants
o 1-2 hours in children
 Reassess after 6 hours (infant) and 3 hours
(child)