CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of Study

Education is very important for the development of a nation which can affect all aspect

such as economic, social, cultural, politic, health, etc. Nowadays, globalization is very

advanced, including for education. Globalization in education is characterized by start of

teaching English in educational institutions. English - as the international language – is used

by all countries to communicate around the world.

Language is one of the most important things in the world as the way of people to

communicate. Nowadays, people are forced to be able to use a foreign language. English as the

international language is used to communicate among the nation. In Indonesia, English is

taught formally from elementary school until university as the first foreign language. At the

age of eight years, students generally have been able to use good language in terms of

morphology or syntax. Second language acquisition of children also includes the element of

internal language. The stages are traversed in the acquisition of words and sentences of a second

language as same as the first language (Ellis, 1994). According to Brown (1973) in Littlewood

(1988:2), said that the children will develop from a period where they do not know L2 at all

until the child has the competence that resembles a native speaker.

Language is not only just taught and understood, but also needs to be a habit. So, the
language can be mastered well. In addition to implement the habit in learning process, language
ability is naturally possessed by children. In learning, there are some important components
that must be considered. One of them is media. McNamara stated that children have a natural
ability to learn language and in the human’s brain, there is a kind of lexicon barn. Therefore,
every individual has the opportunity to develop ability of language in various way that can
develop well. In the educational world, the researches still making various efforts to develop
the natural talent through the language education process. In conducting the education process
supported by some elements that can optimized the educational process. One of them is media.

Gerlach and Ely (1971) said that the media when understood as a human, material, or
event that construct the condition which is make students able to obtain knowledge, skills, or
attitudes. Not only as a tool that used to deliver messages or material to students. The media
itself can be classified, such as taxonomy, according to Rudy Bretz in his book Arif S. Sadiman,
et al. Bretz identified the main charcteristics of the media into three elements, they are; sound,
visual and motion. Besides that, Bretz also distinguishes among broadcast media and recording
media. So that there are eight media; motion audio-visual media, silent audio-visual media,
media semi-motion audio, motion visual media, silent visual media, semi-motion media, audio
media, and printed media. The media is used as the way of delivering messages or material in
the process learning to be easily accepted by students. Muchtar and Iskandar explain that aids
for the learning is effective to achieve the learning objectives. This tool is known as the media.

Now, media is developing rapidly. In modern era, it is very useful to create a tool to
help the educational process. Lots of media produced from current technology. There are many
types of media itself, but audio-visual media is considered a good medium, because human are
easily to understand when they see and hear at the same time. It also can be used as an attraction
for students’ interest in learning.

SMA Negeri 1 Samber, as the only senior high school in there,