The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 was awarded jointly to

Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov “for groundbreaking

experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene.”
Ever since Manchester University first isolated Graphene in
2004, it has been widely referred to by its properties as a promising
material through diverse research that focuses on reaching a
range of uses in the most varied industries.
The term graphene first appeared in 1987 to describe single
sheets of graphite as a constituent of graphite intercalation
compounds (GICs)
Since then scientists are constantly on the look out for lighter,
stronger, and more energy-efficient materials.
What it is?
Graphene is a substance made of pure carbon.
The carbon is arranged in a honeycomb pattern in a one-atom
thick sheet.
Another way to think of graphene :
How it’s transformative and uses
Graphene has been called a “Miracle material” because it’s thin,
strong, flexible, conducts electricity, and its nearly transparent.
Its potential applications are practically limitless.
When combined with other elements, including gases and metals,
it can produce different new materials with highly superior
properties.
Graphene is being used solar cells, touchscreens, liquid
crystal displays, desalination technology, aerospace materials,
more efficient transistors, Building construction technology
Properties of Graphene
200 times stronger than steel
Graphene is known to be one of the strongest materials
known to science due to its composition of a single carbon atomic Innovative clothing manufacturer Vollebak has produced a jacket
layer in a hexagonal mesh made with graphene that can conduct power, store body heat and
repel bacteria.
6 times lighter than steel
Graphene Aerogel
It is the finest material ever discovered. One million times
Aerogel is composed of low-density materials in solid state
thinner than a hair strand.
derived from gel, with its liquid component substituted by gas.
Impermeable to everything, except water, which may help with
It consists of an extremely light solid with impressive
filtration.
properties like thermal isolation amongst others.
Completely malleable and flexible.
With a density of just 0.16 milligrams per cm3, this material
It is the most conductive material discovered, 100 times more so has proven to work as a solution against alkali-added reactions
than copper. (manifested as fissures on the Concrete), as an anticorrosive
coating of mixed structures (concrete and steel), and as a
It is the first and only two-dimensional material discovered.
thermoacoustic isolator.
With its high mechanical resistance and high elastic
recuperation qualities, Graphene aerogel is already considered as
the lightest material developed in the laboratory.

Scientists at Australian research centre CSIRO have used graphene

Each time we write or draw with a graphite pencil, we are to create a simple filtration system that could change the lives of
basically making layers of graphene. millions in the developing world by making the process of purifying
water faster and more effective.

Graphene and Concrete

Incorporate it into concrete, considerably increasing the
resistance and impermeability
“Twice as strong and four times as impermeable than existing
concretes”.
The technology developed uses nanotechnology to put
atomically fine fragments of Graphene suspended in the water
used for the concrete mix. This process requires less material
than traditional fabrication which drastically reduces the carbon
footprint, resulting in a concrete that not only is strong but also
sustainable.
“The number of materials needed to fabricate concrete can be
reduced by almost 50% when Graphene is included, reaching a
significant reduction of 446 kg per ton of carbon emissions”.
GRAPHENE a wonder material
BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION VII
INDUBHAI PAREKH SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE , RAJKOT
The “largest carbon-fibre roof in the world” tops the Steve Jobs
Theater Pavilion at the Foster + Partners-designed Apple Park
campus
A slender circular roof spans the glazed pavilion, which encircles
a lobby measuring 41 metres in diameter – providing access to a
1,000-seat auditorium buried underground.
Weighing 80.7 tons (73.2 metric tons), the impressive roof structure
is described by the design team as the “largest carbon-fibre roof in Swiss company Küschall has made a wheelchair it claims is the
the world”. It is made up of 44 identical radial panels, which were world’s lightest, using wonder material graphene.
assembled on site and then lifted into place in one go.
JAYDEEP KANGAD A1315
SEMESTER IX OCTOBER’ 19