ENGLISH For LAW Enforcement - FINAL

ENGLISH FOR LAW ENFORCERS
ENGLISH FOR LAW

ENFORCERS
Kenny H. Anay
Justine Nicole C. Belen
Kate Mary Queen P. Ebonia
Maria Stella Fe Martizano
Jeremy C. Subaldo 1
ENGLISH FOR
LAW ENFORCERS
Kenny H. Anay
Justine Nicole C. Belen
Kate Mary Queen P. Ebonia
Maria Stella Fe Martizano
Jeremy C. Subaldo
2019
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This material had been made possible with the help of our professor
Dr. Lilia Abrigana-Cotejar.
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INTRODUCTION
LAW ENFORCEMENT is a system by which some authorized

members of society act in an organized manner to enforce the law by
discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate
the rules and norms governing that society.
The aim of this material is to provide students of Cagayan de Oro

City, who are taking-up courses related to Law enforcement, with
activities on how the four (4) macro skills of English are being used in
Law Enforcement.
The material will be used as guide and practice exercises that

will help students in their chosen field, such as BS Criminology and
other law-enforcement-related courses. This guide provides specific
activities, including reading, speaking, listening, and writing. There
are various situational exercises for each of the four (4) macro skills
of English that the students will encounter when they become law
enforcers. Students will also learn how to properly translate the
Cebuano/Local language terms to the English Language, in
accordance to grammar. Furthermore, this material helps the intended
students become familiar with the terminologies that are mostly used
in the field of law enforcement.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Basic Grammar
Prepositions
Subject-Verb Agreement
Vocabulary
Passive and Active Voice
Verb Tenses
Chapter 2: Translation
Direct Translation Technique
Oblique Translation Technique
Chapter 3: Investigation
Interrogation
Suspect
Parts of the Human Body
Missing Father and Son
Chapter 4: Case Procedures
Police Blotter Procedure
Chapter 5: Speaking
Rules of Oxford Oregon Debate
Chapter 6: Critical Analysis
References
Glossary
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CHAPTER 1: BASIC GRAMMAR
Accurate and intelligent reporting and documentation are crucial to Law Enforcement.
Police officers spend a significant amount of time completing paperwork necessary for the
criminal justice process. An officer is most often the first point of contact in a criminal
situation, and having professional writing skill is imperative to creating a thorough, well-
written report.
At the end of this chapter, the students are expected to:

 Recall basic grammar rules in English through exercises.
 Use passive and active voice meaningfully in varied contexts.
 Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts.
 Use past and past perfect tenses correctly in varied contexts.
 Describe an alleged suspect using adjectives.
Retrieved from: https://online.sju.edu/graduate/masters-criminal-justice/resources/articles/the-importance-of-professional-writing-skills-in-

law-enforcement; September 26, 2019
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WHAT IS LAW ENFORCEMENT?

At its core, the concept of law enforcement consists of enforcing laws. In its purest form, law
enforcement requires an unwavering adherence to rules and procedures. It is focused on the
implementation of the law. Citations are issued, arrests are made, and force is employed with little regard
for the reason or meaning behind a particular law or policy.
WARM-UP
A. What do you think about the quotes?

1. “Bravery is the only one who knows you’re afraid.” – Franklin P. Jones
2. “Greater love has no one than this that someone lay down his life for his friends.” – John 15:13
3. “A police officer must make a decision in seconds, that judges and lawyers will fight
our for years.” – Anonymous
B. Match the words with the appropriate picture

A. Police General
B. Police Lieutenant General
C. Police Major General
D. Police Brigadier General
E. Police Colonel
MANDATE
The National Police Commission is the agency mandated by the 1987 Constitution and the Major Police Reform Laws, Republic Act Nos.
6975 and 8551 to administer and control the Philippine National Police.
Under R.A. 8551, otherwise known as the "PNP REFORM AND ORGANIZATION ACT OF 1998" the Commission's authority over the
PNP were strengthened and expanded to include administration of police entrance examinations, the conduct of pre-charge investigation
of police anomalies and irregularities, and summary dismissal of erring police officers.
Patterned from: Kuzmenko A. (2015). English for Law Enforcement
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Activity 1
Look through the text and explain the words and the word combinations in bold.
When God made Police Officers
When the Lord was creating peace officers, he was into his sixth day of overtime
when an angel appeared and said, "You’re doing a lot of fiddling around on this one." And
the Lord asked, "Have you read the specs on this order? A police officer has to be in top
physical condition at all times, running on black coffee and half-eaten meals. "A peace
officer has to be able to run five miles through alleys in the dark, scale walls, enter homes
the health inspector wouldn’t touch, and not wrinkle his uniform.” He has to be able to sit
in an undercover car all day on a stakeout, cover a homicide scene that night, canvass the
neighborhood for witnesses, and testify in court the next day. The angel shook her head
slowly and said, "Six pairs of hands ... no way."
"It’s not the hands that are causing me problems," said the Lord, "it’s the three
pairs of eyes an officer has to have." "That's on the standard model?" asked the angel. The
Lord nodded. "One pair that sees through a bulge in a pocket before he asks, 'May I see
what's in there, sir?' (When he already knows and wishes he’d taken that accounting job.)
Another pair here in the side of his head for his partners’ safety. And another pair of eyes in
front that can look reassuringly at a bleeding victim and say, 'You’ll be all right ma'am,'
when he knows it isn't so." "Lord," said the angel, touching his sleeve, "rest and work on this
tomorrow." "I can’t," said the Lord, "I already have a model that can talk a 250-pound drunk
into a patrol car without incident and feed a family of five on a civil service paycheck."
The angel circled the model of the peace officer very slowly, "Can it think?" she
asked. "You bet," said the Lord. "It can tell you the elements of a hundred crimes; recite
Miranda warnings in its sleep; detain, investigate, search and arrest a gang member on the
street in less time than it takes five learned judges to debate the legality of the stop...and still
it keeps its sense of humor." This officer also has phenomenal personal control. He can deal
with crime scenes painted in hell, coax a confession from a child abuser, comfort a murder
victim’s family, and then read in the daily paper how law enforcement isn’t sensitive to the
rights of criminal suspects."
Finally, the angel bent over and ran her finger across the cheek of the peace
officer. "There’s a leak," she pronounced. "I told you that you were trying to put too much
into this model." "That’s not a leak," said the Lord, "it’s a tear." "What’s the tear for?" asked
the angel.
"It’s for bottled-up emotions, for fallen comrades, for commitment to that funny
piece of cloth called the Philippine flag, for justice." "You're a genius," said the angel.
A. Answer the questions using words and word combinations from the text:
1. What is a perfect police officer for you?
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2. What is the reason why God created police officers?
3. What is the purpose of a police officer in the society?
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE REFORM AND REORGANIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES, AMENDING CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED SIXTY-NINE HUNDRED AND
SEVENTY-FIVE ENTITLED, "AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE UNDER A REORGANIZED
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES"
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PREPOSITIONS
WHAT ARE PREPOSITIONS?
Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and
some other words or elements in the rest of the sentence.
Ex: The knife used in the crime scene is on top of the table.
The dead body was found under the mango tree.
The police were puzzled by the situation.
Retrieved from: https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/prepositions.htm; September 26, 2019
A. Highlight the words and word-combinations that are connected with law
enforcement. Give definitions to your chosen words and use them in a sentence.
adopt, right, law, left, order, investigation, guilty, reason, decision, laptop, punishment, prison,
hospital, judge, barrister, article, note, sentence, driver, collaboration, witness, duty,
opportunity, capability, protection, advertisement, hay fever, prevent, crime, offence, accuse,
fulfilment, buy-bust.
B. Read and learn phrasal verbs “be” and “break” from the box below. Then, underline the
correct variant in each situation.
in into to out up in
out on with out of in at on
on for in for from through without with
with
down up away down with up to for
1. The criminal broke the shop and stole some products.

2. That offender broke the prison but was caught by the police
officers.
3. We cannot say that he is guilty because we are proofs.
4. Who is duty today?
5. The murder is penalty.
6. The officer is this case. He has found a guilty man.
7. A duty officer must be whole night.
8. This man is TV because each person should know his goals.
9. Most prisoners are tuberculosis.
10. It is a judge to decide whether he is guilty or not.
REPUBLIC ACT No. 6975

AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE UNDER A REORGANIZED DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
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SUBJECT & VERB AGREEMENT
Subject-verb agreement is an essential topic. Basically, if a subject is singular,

the verb must be singular. If a subject is plural, the verb must be plural. A firm grasp on the rules
of subject-verb agreement is necessary.
VERBS
SINGULAR PLURAL
drug drugs
has have
is are
To understand the relationship of subject and verb, refer to the table below.
NOUN VERB
Verb (Is, Has)
Singular
Action Verb (Verb +S)
Verb (Are, Have)
Plural
Action Verb (Verb –S)
Examples: The criminal shots the man on the head.

The criminals have been running away from the police.
A. Choose the correct verb to make the sentences complete.
1. This criminal in prison since his twenties.

a) is b) has been c) have been
2. Look! That man her bag.

a) is stealing b) steals c) has stolen
3. He is member of that group.

a) a b) the c) an
4. The witness the face of the robber.

a) see b) has seen c) has saw
5. The judge a decision and we are ready to listen to it.

a) is making b) makes c) has made
6. He is busy. He his rights.

a) is reading b) has read c) reads
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7. Each officer the articles of the law.

a) is knowing b) knows c) has known
8. A captain and his partner this case for three years.

a) has been investigating b) are investigating c) have been investigating
9. We are arresting a man who from the prison.

a) has escaped b) escapes c) is escaping
10. The lawyer the innocence of the suspect now.

a) proves b) is proving c) has proved
11. Police officers always crimes.

a) prevents b) prevent c) has been preventing
12. The cadet young.

a) be b) am c) is
13. The judge an innocent woman.

a) has been sentencing b) has sentenced c) sentences
14. Inspectors their documents at the moment.

a) has checked b) check c) are checking
15. The victim’s application too long.

a) am b) are c) is

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE REFORM AND REORGANIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES, AMENDING CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED SIXTY-NINE HUNDRED AND
SEVENTY-FIVE ENTITLED, "AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE UNDER A REORGANIZED
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES"
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ADJECTIVES
A. DEGREE OF COMPARISON
Most adjectives have three different forms to show degrees of comparison- the positive,
the comparative and the superlative. The positive is used to describe one item, group or person.
The comparative is used to describe two items, people, or groups. The superlative is used to
describe three or more items, people, or groups.
POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

big bigger biggest
tall taller tallest
old older oldest
B. ORDER OF ADJECTIVES
Adjectives occur in a specific order:
1. Quantity or number
2. Quality or opinion
3. Size
4. Age
5. Shape
6. Color
7. Proper adjective (often nationality, other place of origin, or material)
8. Purpose or qualifier
Retrieved:https://www.worldclasslearning.com/, 2019
A. What is wrong with these sentences?
1. He is driving a blue big jeepney.

2. He is a middle-aged short man.
3. She has got black curly long hair.
4. She is wearing a long green cotton jacket.
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B. Put the adjectives in order in these phrases:
small slanting eyes black

yellow short mohawk hair
striped cotton blouse long-sleeved
glass clear appliance four-door
dark thin skin brown
t-shirt large blue denim
This is generally the correct order of adjectives:
SIZE STYLE/PATTERN COLOR/MATERIAL (NOUN)

AN ACT DECLARING THE BAR AND BOARD EXAMINATIONS AS CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS
Section 1. The bar examinations and the examinations given by the various boards of examiners of the Government are declared as civil
service examinations, and shall, for purposes of appointment to positions in the classified service the duties of which involve knowledge
of the respective professions, except positions requiring highly specialized knowledge not covered by the ordinary board examinations, be
considered as equivalent to the first grade regular examination given by the Bureau of Civil Service if the profession requires at least four
years of study in college and the person has practiced his profession for at least two years, and as equivalent to the second grade regular
examination if the profession requires less than four years of college study.
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VOCABULARY
A. The puzzle below contains terms that law enforcers would normally use in their field
of work. Look for and encircle each term as described in every item below. Then, write
the word adjacent to its description.
R A I N Y A R M Y Y R O S S E C C A
E K L O A B E E E A O N U E M A A R
F E L O N Y E E M M F E I E P N R R
E T Y A A S S A I L A N T N E E Y A
R T O H L P R O S E C U T O R B E I
E R U F L I D E D V E O Y E J A S G
N U I S A N C E E I M N S G U L B N
D S A R E E N T M S E E O U R L A M
U J U V E N I L E U R S N N Y I N E
M U T R A V E L A A R O Y M O S D N
O N E T H I N G N L I M N A R T E T
S A R M E D N O O I L E E N Y I R O
O G A M E R T I R T S O C T H C S O
M E H I J A C K N Y I T R E A S O N
E O H O N E Y Y N E N E A L I L A N
O N J A N S U R V E I L L A N C E E
1. A person who physically attacks another -
2. A direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal -
3. A minor wrongdoing -
4. A major crime -
5. A court proceeding at which a criminal defendant is formally advised of the charges

against him and is asked to enter a plea to the charges –
6. A. person who institutes legal proceedings against someone -
7. The offense of willfully telling an untruth in a court after having taken an oath or
affirmation -
8. To seize possession or control of (an aircraft) especially by forcing the pilot to divert the
aircraft to another destination -
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9. Close observation, especially of a suspected spy or criminal -
10. Ttheft of personal property -
11. The crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill the sovereign or
overthrow the government -
12. A person, thing, or circumstance causing inconvenience or annoyance -
13. Someone who gives assistance to the perpetrator of a crime, without directly
committing it, sometimes without being present -
14. Relating to young people -
15. The science of projectiles and firearms –
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B. Read the sample blotter down below and use the words in bold in a sentence.
Republic of the Philippines

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
MISAMIS ORIENTAL PROVINCIAL POLICE OFFICE
EXTRACT COPY OF POLICE BLOTTER
Date/Time of Entry : 22 2000H January 2004

Date/Time Extracted : 24 0807H December 2004
Blotter Entry Number : 00006
TEXT
AROUND 22 200H JANUARY 2004, TAO ONE A MEMBER OF BFAT, 67 YEARS

OLD, MARRIED A RESIDENT OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY, MISAMIS ORIENTAL
CAME TO THIS OFFICE AND REQUESTED FOR POLICE ASSISTANCE THAT THEY
ARE ALLEGEDLY CHASED BY A BLADED WEAPON BY A TWO (2) SUSPECT.
IMMEDIATELY RESPONDED BY SPO2 POLICE, PO2 PULIS AND PO3 FOLIS.
AROUND 22 200H JANUARY 2004, RESPONDING OFFICERS RETURNED TO
THIS OFFICE AND BROUGHT THE INFORMATION THAT UPON THEIR ARRIVAL TO
THE AREA OF INCIDENT THE SAID SUSPECTS WAS NOT AROUND BUT THEY ARE
IDENTIFIED THRU AS PERSON TWO AND PERSON THREE, BOTH LEGAL AGE A
RESIDENT OF CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY, MISAMIS ORIENTAL, THRU THEIR
NEIGHBOR. THE BFAT’S STATED THAT A CERTAIN PERSON FOUR, 24 YEARS
OLD, SINGLE, A RESIDENT OF THE AFOREMENTIONED PLACE WAS ASKING FOR
ASSISTANCE THAT SHE WAS ALLEGEDLY THROWN WITH A SEVERAL EMPTY BATTLE
OF LIQUOR THEN WHEN THEY ARRIVE TO THE SAID AREA USING BARANGAY
MOBILE PATROL, THEY INVITED THE SAID SUSPECTS TO BARANGAY HALL FOR
SETTLEMENT OF THE INCIDENT BUT SUDDENLY THE SUSPECTS REFUSED AND
ALLEGEDLY ATTACKED WITH A BLADED INSTRUMENT AGAINST THE THEM AND THE
SUSPECTS NOT CONTENTED THEY STONED THE BARANGAY MOBILE PATROL AND
BREAK ITS RIGHT WINDOW GLASS. THE INCIDENT HAPPENED AT AROUND 7:00PM
MORE OR LESS JANUARY 22, 2004, ONLY A COMPETENT SHOP MECHANIC CAN
ONLY ASCERTAIN THE COST OF REPAIR. CASE REFER TO INVEST.
RECORDED/EXTRACTED BY: CERTIFIED CORRECT:
Police A. Pulis POLICE B. PULIS

Police Officer 3 Police Senior Inspector
Duty Desk Officer Officer-In-Charge
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1. Bladed Weapon -
2. Aforementioned-
3. Assistance-
4. Settlement-
5. Allegedly-
6. Instrument-
7. Ascertain-
8. Identified -
9. Incident-
10. Suspects-
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C. Read the sample blotter down below and choose the right word in the choices below.
WORD BANK
RESIDING EXERTED RESISTED
AWAKENED REPORTED NARRATED
MOVEMENT INSERTED INVESTIGATION
REFERENCE


TEXT
MISS GIRL ONE, 18 YEARS OLD, RESIDENT OF JASAAN, MISAMIS

ORIENTAL, CAME TO THIS OFFICE TOGETHER WITH HER NIECE GIRL TWO,
RESIDENT OF BUKIDNON AND PRESENTLY AT CORRALES OF THIS
MUNICIPALITY. BOTH OF THEM _ THAT A CERTAIN KRIMINAL
CRIMINAL ALLEGEDLY RAPED HER. ACCORDING TO GIRL TWO ON DECEMBER 30,
2006 IN THE EVENING, SHE WAS SLEEPING AT HER AUNT BEDROOM AND
SUDDENLY SHE WAS WHEN SOMEBODY PULLED HER BLANKET. WHEN
SHE OPENED HER EYES SHE SAW BOY ONE AND HE ALLEGEDLY REMOVED HER
WORN LEGGING AND UNDERWEAR. SHE BUT BOY ONE
MORE FORCE, HE KISSED HER LIPS AND BOY ONE HIS PENIS IN
HER VAGINA AND DO THE PUSH AND PULL . GIRL ONE FURTHER
THAT SHE NOTICED THAT BOY ONE HAD AN ALCOHOLIC BREATH.
ACCORDINGLY, SHE SHOUTED AND ASKED FOR HELP BUT NOBODY CAME. ISSUED
MEDICAL REQUEST FOR FUTURE . CASE UNDER FOR
POSSIBLE FILING OF CASE.

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D. Read the sample blotter down below and choose the right word in the choices below.
WORD BANK
RESIDENT REQUESTED RESISTED
PSYCHOLOGICALLY ABUSED REPORTED COMPLAINT
INTIMATE APPEARED PUT INTO RECORD
DNA TEST EMOTIONALLY SUSPECT


TEXT
GIRL ONE, FEMALE, 29 YEARS OLD, SINGLE, AN OFW, A

OF LIBERTAD, MISAMIS ORIENTAL, BORN ON OCTOBER 15 1989 AT CAGAYAN
DE ORO CITY, TO THIS OFFICE TOGETHER WITH HER DAUGHTER
BAE NEE 5 YEARS OLD, TO THAT THEY WERE
AND BY KRIMINAL CRIMINAL, 44 YEARS OLD, AND
OFW, AND A RESIDENCE OF AFOREMENTIONED PLACE. ACCORDING TO THE
THAT SHE HAD AN RELATIONSHIP/BOYFRIEND WITH
THE SUSPECT SINCE JANUARY 1999 AND GOT PREGNANT AND THE
SUPPORTED THE CHILD UNTIL JUNE 2003. THE SUSPECT NOW HAD OTHER WOMAN
AND HE REQUESTED AND FORCE TO GET A SAMPLE DNA TEST FOR OUR DAUGHTER
BUT NOT IN PROPER OFFICE.

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E. Read an extracted copy of a police blotter below and answer the activity that follows.

Date/Time of Entry : 22 2000H September 2017

TEXT
AT ABOUT 22 2000H SEPTEMBER 2017, THIS OFFICE RECEIVED A CELL

PHONE CALL THRU OUR HOTLINE NUMBER FROM A CERTAIN JUAN PEDRO A
RESIDENT OF 31ST STREET NAZARETH OF THIS MUNICIPALITY INFORMING THAT
THERE WAS AN ALLEGED SHOOTING INCIDENT AT, CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY,
MISAMIS ORIENTAL WITH KNOWN VICTIM IDENTIFIED AS MIGUEL REYES, 23
YEARS OLD, SINGLE W/LIVE-IN PARTNER CURRENTLY RESIDING ON THE SAID
PLACE. IMMEDIATELY UPON RECEIPT OF SAID REPORT PERSONNEL OF HIS
OFFICE UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PSI DOMINADOR ADVINCULA, CONDUCTED
FURTHER INVESTIGATION AS TO THE VERACITY OF SAID REPORT AND AFTER
THOROUGH INQUIRY PROCEEDED TO THE PLACE OF INCIDENT TOGETHER WITH
THE PERSONNEL OF NAZARETH LGU RESCUE TEAM FOR POSSIBLE EVACUATION
OF THE VICTIM IN THE AREA. WHILE THE RESPONDING PERSONNEL WAS ON
THEIR WAY, THEY RECEIVED INFORMATION THAT THE VICTIM WAS BROUGHT TO
MOPH-NAZARETH ONBOARD ON A SINGLE HABAL-HABAL MOTORCYCLE. THUS,
PROMPTED THE RESPONDING TEAM TO FIRST SEE THE VICTIM IN THE HOSPITAL.
THE VICTIM WAS ALREADY ATTENDED BY THE PHYSICIAN WHEN LAW ENFORCEMENT
ARRIVED. UPON INTERVIEW TO THE VICTIM HE REVEALED THAT HE WAS SHOT
BY RYAN VELOSO FOR FOUR (4) CONSECUTIVE TIMES WITH THE USE OF A.CAL
45 PISTOL. VICTIM IDENTIFIED THE SUSPECT BECAUSE HE SHINE UPON THE
SUSPECT A FLASHLIGHT HE HELD AT THE TIME OF THE INCIDENT.
FURTHER, THE VICTIM DISCLOSED THAT THE SUSPECT HAS COMPANY

WHICH HE CANT IDENTIFY. VICTIM SUSTAINED, FOUR GUNSHOT WOUNDS; ONE
(1) ON HIS RIGHT ABDOMEN AND ONE (1) SIDE WOUND ON HIS LEFT EYEBROW,
ONE (1) ON HIS LEFT SHOULDER, ONE (1) ON HIS RIGHT ABDOMEN AND ONE
(1) ON HIS LEFT THIGH. SUSPECT AND HIS COHORT IMMEDIATELY FLED AWAY
TO HINTERLAND PART OF THE SAID BARANGAY. VICTIM LATER THEN BROUGHT
TO NMMC-CDO FOR FURTHER MEDICAL ATTENTION.
INCIDENT TRANSPIRED AT ABOUT 6:30 PM ON SAME DATE AND PLACE.

CASE NOW UNDER INVESTIGATION SECTION AND APPROPRIATE CHARGES IS
BEING PREPARED AGAINST THE IDENTIFIED SUSPECT.
INCIDENT TRANSPIRED AT ABOUT 6:30 PM ON SAME DATE AND PLACE. CASE

NOW UNDER INVESTIGATION SECTION AND APPROPRIATE CHARGES IS BEING
PREPARED AGAINST THE IDENTIFIED SUSPECT.
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MARTIN M. DOMINGO STEPHEN P. YASAY

Below are some of the words mentioned in this blotter. Provide a synonym for each word
by filling in the missing letters in every item.
1. Alleged – c_ _ i_ _d
2. Incident – _cc_r_ _ n_e
3. Investigation – e_ _ m_ _ a_ _ _n
4. Veracity – tr_ _ _ f_l_ _ s_
5. Thorough – d_t_ _l_d
6. Suspect – a_ _ us_ d
7. Disclosed – r_v_ _l_d
8. Cohort – g_ _ _p
9. Hinterland – r_m_t_ a_ _ as
10. Extract – e_ce_ _t
PNP RULES IN APPRESSION AND INVESTIGATION OF A CHILD IN CONFLICT OF THE LAW

Rule #2
Do not attract Public attention
Do not use handcuffs unless absolutely necessary
Do not inflict injury to the child
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F. Encircle the letter of the word or phrase that is similar in meaning to the
underlined word in the sentence. Be guided by some clues in the sentence.
1. Being a renowned person, he does not need to give his name to the guards. All the
people in the community know his name.
a. Kind
b. famous
c. friendly
d. wealthy
2. Neglecting to consult the police officers about the list of names, your purposive
erasure of the name in the list needs immediate explanation from you.
a. Forceful
b. intentional
c. accidental
d. careful
3. A witness must be in a good mental condition to be able to conceive the things he
or she wants to say.
a. Share ideas
b. form ideas
c. explain well
d. careful
4. Having lack of security can cause you to be prone to criminal incidents.
a. Susceptible
b. Near
c. Submitted
d. Similar
5. Studying the law will ensure you success in this field.
a. Show
b. Assure
c. Give
d. Record
G. Give the meaning of the underlined word in each cluster of words. Be guided by the
other words in the cluster serving as clues.
1. arbitrary, prejudicial, biased, subjective
2. graduated, ranked, gradated, ordered
3.
faraway, secluded, distant, remote
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4. express, connote, denote, signify
5. advent, arrival, coming, approach
6. fallacious, erroneous, wrong, incorrect
7. oblivious, absorbed, engrossed, preoccupied
8. highfalutin, complex, difficult, high-flown
9. guide, direct, manipulate, lead
10. reap, yield, produce, generate
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PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VOICE
A. WHAT IS PASSIVE VOICE?

The passive voice is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences an action
rather than the person or object that performs the action. In other words, the most important thing
or person becomes the subject of the sentence.
Examples:
1. The suspect was read her Miranda rights and transported to the county jail.
2. The bloody shirt was logged into the evidence room.
3. The man was arrested by the police officer.
4. The man was stabbed three times in the chest by the criminal.
5. The suspect was captured by the noble policeman.
B. WHAT IS ACTIVE VOICE?

In the active voice, the subject always “does” the action of the sentence. Chronologically,
the subject will come before the verb in the sentence.
Examples:
1. The police officer arrested the man.
2. I logged the bloody shirt into the evidence room.
3. SPO1 Juan Pedro read the suspect her Miranda rights and transported her to the county
jail.
4. I looked for the point of entry and found pry marks around the door handle.
5. Susan Quinton showed me the empty jewelry box on her nightstand.
Tip: Be Consistent. Whether you are using active or passive voice, be consistent within a sentence.
Retrieved from: https://virtualacademy.com/using-active-voice-in-police-reports/#.XYzPj_ZuIsg
A. Identify which of the following sentences is stated in either passive or active voice.
Write your answer after the sentence.
 Jones was seen running away from the convenience store.

 Jones was carrying a six-pack of beer and a bottle of white wine.
 Three sobriety tests were administered.
 Patterson was looking in his wallet for his driver’s license.
 Both witnesses were questioned.
 Finch was having difficulty answering the questions
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B. Rewrite the following changing the active sentences to passive and passive sentences to
active sentences.
1. The thieves have been arrested by the police.
2. The reflection written by the detainees enthralled us.
3. The man has been invited to be a witness of the case.
4. We have read and informed you of your rights.
5. The policeman recited the Miranda rights to the suspect.
6. The policeman enjoyed the party.
7. The child impressed the law enforcers with his polite manners.
8. A girl from Jasaan was found missing last September.
9. The law enforcers protect the city.
10. The car has been fixed by the mechanic.
PNP RULES IN APPRESSION AND INVESTIGATION OF A CHILD IN CONFLICT OF THE LAW

Retrieved
Rule #4 from: https://virtualacademy.com/using-active-voice-in-police-reports/#.XYzPj_ZuIsg
Protecting the Child
 Do not expose the child to the media.
 Do not expose the child to any party familiar with the case.
 Protect the child from possible humiliation and outrage.
26
VERB TENSES
A. WHAT ARE VERB TENSES?

Verbs come in three tenses: past, present, and future. The past is used to describe things
that have already happened (e.g., earlier in the day, yesterday, last week, three years ago). The
present tense is used to describe things that are happening right now, or things that are continuous.
The future tense describes things that have yet to happen (e.g., later, tomorrow, next week, next
year, three years from now).
Retrieved from: https://www.grammarly.com/blog/verb-tenses/,; September 26, 2019
A. Write down the passive form of the verbs. Use the tense in brackets.
1. Paul (send) to prison. (Future tense)
2. My brother (just beat) in the race. (Present perfect)
3. He (tell) to wait outside. (Past tense)
4. I (not pay) for the work. (Past tense)
5. Policemen (often ask) the way. (Present tense)
6. Their lawn (cut) once a week. (Present tense)
7. We (ask) by the police. (Future tense)
8. The towels (not use). (Past tense)
9. The jewels (not sell) so far. (Present perfect)
10. They (teach) French. (Present tense)
11. The fire brigade (phone) soon after the fire had broken out. (Past
tense)
12. You (laugh) at if you talk such nonsense. (Future tense)
13. All the fruits (eat up) by the guests. (Past tense)
14. The email (answer) tomorrow. (Future tense)
15. The best cookies (sell) here. (Present tense)
B. To rewrite this passage of text in the future tense

I was sauntering along the path, around the back of the school, when I noticed a police car. It
was zooming along the road, with its lights flashing. The police constables leapt out the panda
car, then started banging on my neighbour’s front door. She opened the door, but looked
surprised to see them. Indeed, she had a puzzled look on her face. She asked them what they
wanted. They apologised profusely and confessed that they had the wrong house.
27
Rewrite:
C. To rewrite this passage of text in the future tense

You run across the road, but a car comes by and nearly knocks you down. You race to the
corner of the street, then leap over a small, green hedge. You see your friend, Pedro. He darts
towards you, then you both run towards me. I join in, and I tear along the road next to you. All
three of us reach Pedro’s house and speed up the path to his front door. We were surprised to
see policemen arresting your mother for suspected possession of Marijuana.
Rewrite:
28
CHAPTER 2: TRANSLATION
Within the greater field of criminal justice, law enforcement officers act on the front lines of the
law to maintain authority and keep us safe. They are on the streets, at the borders, and in our
airports, seaports, parks, and prisons. When officers are able to speak the same language as the
individuals they encounter, they enhance communication, promote safety, and prevent
dangerous misunderstandings or unnecessarily violent escalations.
At the end of this chapter students are expected to:

 Translate Cebuano sentences and paragraphs into English.
 Use the techniques in translation.
29
DIRECT TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES

Direct Translation Techniques are used when structural and conceptual elements of the
source language can be transposed into the target language. Direct translation techniques include:
A. Borrowing
Borrowing is the taking of words directly from one language into another without
translation. Many English words are "borrowed" into other languages; for example software in
the field of technology and funk in culture. English also borrows numerous words from other
languages; abbatoire, café, passé and résumé from French; hamburger and kindergarten from
German; bandana, musk and sugar from Sanskrit.
Borrowed words are often printed in italics when they are considered to be "foreign".
B. Calque
A calque or loan translation is a phrase borrowed from another language and translated
literally word-for-word. The meaning other calques can be rather obscure for most people,
especially when they relate to specific vocations or subjects such as science and law. An
unsuccessful calque can be extremely unnatural, and can cause unwanted humor, often interpreted
as indicating the lack of expertise of the translator in the target language.
C. Literal Translation- A word-for-word translation can be used in some languages and not
others dependent on the sentence structure.
Retrieved from: https://culturesconnection.com/7-translation-techniques/; September 26, 2019
A. Translate these Cebuano words into English

1. KILIRING-
2. NABANGGAAN-
3. NASAYURAN-
4. NILAMBIGIT-
5. KATUYUAN-
6. HIGAYONA-
7. PAGLINGE-
8. MAPUGNGAN-
9. PANABANG-
10. NAHIMUTANGAN-
30
B. Translate this case into English using what you’ve learned about direct translation
Province of Misamis Oriental
AFFIDAVIT-COMPLAINT OF
MRS. NENE PINOY
Ako, Mrs. Nene Pinoy, 49 anyos ang panuigon, menyo ug lumolupyo sa Cagayan de Oro
City, Misamis Oriental, human manumpa sa subay balaod, mibuhat niining Judicial Affidavit
sa Pangutana ug tubag nga porma, gipahigayon ni SPO1 Police F. Pulis, Imbistigador sa
Nazareth Police Station, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, sa among directa nga
testimonya ning maong kaso ug among ga tubagon ang pangutana niya nganhi kanako, ug
nga mahamimong pasakaan ako ug kasong criminal sa mga sayop nga tubag ug sayop nga
testimionya.

MRS. NENE PINOY
31
C. Translate this case into English using what you’ve learned about direct translation
AFFIDAVIT OF WITNESS
A. Kiniadtong petsa 7 bulan sa Hunyo tuig 2017 mga alas 8:50 ang takna sa kagabhiun kapin
kon kulang miabot kini ang CVO sa akong balay nagreport nga naglasong si Juan sa ilang
balay maong dali akong nagtext sa pulis sa Nazareth aron adunay magresponding pulis.

MRS. NENE PINOY
32
OBLIQUE TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES

Oblique Translation Techniques are used when the structural or conceptual elements of
the source language cannot be directly translated without altering meaning or upsetting the
grammatical and stylistics elements of the target language. Oblique translation techniques include:
A. Transposition- This is the process where parts of speech change their sequence when they are
translated. It is in a sense a shift of word class. Grammatical structures are often different in
different languages.
B. Modulation- Modulation consists of using a phrase that is different in the source and target
languages to convey the same idea. It changes the semantics and shifts the point of view of the
source language. Through modulation, the translator generates a change in the point of view of
the message without altering meaning and without generating a sense of awkwardness in the
reader of the target text.
C. Reformulation or Equivalence- Here you have to express something in a completely different

way, for example when translating idioms or advertising slogans. The process is creative, but not
always easy.
D. Adaptation- Adaptation occurs when something specific to one language culture is expressed
in a totally different way that is familiar or appropriate to another language culture. It is a shift in
cultural environment.
E. Compensation- In general terms compensation can be used when something cannot be

translated, and the meaning that is lost is expressed somewhere else in the translated text.
A. Translate the following test into English using any of the Oblique translation
techniques.
AFFIDAVIT OF THE WITNESS/ ANDREW ASUNCION
Ako si ANDREW ASUNCION, 25 anyos ang panuigon, ulitawo og lumulupyo sa Cagayan

de Oro City, Misamis Oriental human manumpa pinasubay sa batakang balaod sa Pilipinas,
mihimo niining Judicial Affidavit sa pangutana og tubag sa sestima, ug gipahigayon ni PO2
Police F. Pulis, Asst. Criminal Investigation PNCO sa opisina sa Municipal Pulis Station,
Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental ug naglangkob isip akong direkta nga testimonya
33
isip us aka witness sa criminal nga sumbong batok ni BOBBY FERNANDEZ, 57 ang
panuigon, minyo ug lumulupyo sa Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental ug akong paga
tubagon ang mga pangutana nganhi kanako nga adunay kasayuran nga ako mapasakaan ako
ug kaso nga criminal sa mga sayop nga tubag og bakak nga testimonya;)

AFFIDAVIT OF THE WITNESS/ ANDREW ASUNCION
B. Translate the following test into English using any of the Oblique translation
techniques.
A. Human dadto, nibaklay k okay mouli naku unya nisunod siya kay iyaha ko
ipasakay sa iyang motor kay namugosa man ko nga sa park ra ko ehatod kay mouli naku sa
amoa pero namugosa siya nga didto ko mosakay sa iyahang motor pero dili ko mosugot
hangtod niabot name sa may 2:00 AM sa September 19, 2018, singgita siya “SA AKOA RA
LAGI RA MOSAKAY!” niabot akong ig-agaw nga si Jun Ledesma “AYAW POGUSA
AKONG IG-AGAW KUNG DILI SIYA MOSAKAY SA IMONG MOTOR” nagsunora
siya sa amo hangtud didto sa balay sa akong ig-agaw sa Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis
Oriental hangtud nagbuntag naa siya sa gawas. Theen, pagkabuntag 6:00AM naa pa gihapon
34
siya, nigawas ko para mouli na, pagsakay naku sa sikad nisakay siya kali tug pag-abot sa
Mercado wala ko nagbali-bali niya, nakita man ko ug motorela ninaog ko sa sikad ug nisakay
ko sa moterela,, nisunod pa gyud siya nag baklay siya hangtod sa National Highway.
35
C. Read the Complaint-Affidavit below and fill the blanks with the appropriate English
translations of the given Bisaya statements.
COMPLAINT – AFFIDAVIT
I, Arturo Jimenez y dela Cruz, 55 years old, married a resident of P-2, Brgy. Dimasalang, Cagayan de
Oro City, Misamis Oriental after being sworn to in accordance with law, executed this judicial affidavit in
question and answer form conducted by PO3 Dexter J. Medina, Investigator of Brgy. Dimasalang Police
Station which shall constitute as my direct testimony and I am answering the questions asked for me, fully
conscious that my answer are under oath, and that I may face criminal liability for false testimony or
perjury;
01. Q – Nganong nia ka man sa buhatan sa kapulisan sa Cagayan de Oro city, Misamis Oriental?
(
?)
A: Aron sa pagpasaka ug kaso batok kang Romeo Mabatok Jr y Delfin, 45 anyos ang panuigon, adunay
kapuyo ug nagpuyo sa P-2, Brgy. Dimasalang, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental sa kaso nga
Murder.
(
.)
2. Q: Ngano gusto man ikaw mopasaka ug kasong Murder batok kang Romeo Mabatok Jr y Delfin?
(
?)
A: Kay ang gang responsible sa pagpusil hinungdan sa hinanali nga kamatayon sa akong anak nga si
Jaypee Amado y Fabian.
(
.)
3. Q: Asa ug kanus-a man kini nahitabo?

( ?)
A: Niadtong petsa 01 sa Setyembre 2017 sa may alas 6:00 ang takna sa hapon kapin kun kulang sa didto
sa P-2, Brgy. Dimasalang, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental.
(
.)
4. Q: Asa ka man pagkahitabo niini? ( ?)

A: Anaa ako sa among panimaly ug gipahibalo lamang kami nga akong anak nga si Jaypee napusilan sa
Security Guard sa Banjo Bay Resort nga nailhang si Romeo Mabatok Jr y Delfin.
(
.)
36
5. Q: Aduna ka bay ma saksi nga makapamatuod sa imong mga alegasyon?

(
?)
A: Uu Sir. Aduna koy mga testigo nga nakasaksi mismo sa maong panghitabo.
(
.)
6. Q – Aduna ka bay Death Certificate nga makasuporta sa imong gipasaka nga kaso?
(
?)
A: Uu Sir. Aduna. ( .)
7. Q. Duna ka pa bay dugang isulti? ( ?)

A: Wala na Sir. ( .)
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I HAVE HEREUNTO affixed my signature this 1st day of

September 2017, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental.
Arturo D. Jimenez
Affiant
37
CHAPTER 3: INVESTIGATION
“For the court to be satisfied that the investigator acted lawfully and within the bounds of legally
prescribed authority, the judge needs to hear the investigator describe their thinking processes to
form reasonable grounds, or in some emergency cases, to have a reasonable suspicion that
justifies the action taken.”
At the end of this chapter, the students are expected to:

 Define and describe a suspect.
 Note words used in a bloody crime scene.
 Know the technique is interrogating a person.
 Practice the use of interrogation techniques.
38
INTERROGATION
Conducting a research is not just a thing that students and teachers in school should
be up to. Other professionals, and even law enforcers, are also required to do research in the
course of their jobs. When it comes to gathering the needed data, conducting an interview can
be one of the best ways to answer a set of questions. There is an order of interview questions
that one should follow:
1. First set of questions – opening questions to establish friendly relationships, like
questions about the place, time, and other non-verbal things not for audio recording
2. Second set of questions – generative questions to encourage open-ended questions like
those that ask about the respondent’s inferences, views, or opinions about the interview
topic
3. Third set of questions – directive questions or close-ended questions to elicit specific
answers like those that are answerable by yes or no, with one type of an object, or with
definite period of time and the like
4. Fourth set of questions – ending questions that give the respondents the chance to air
their satisfaction, wants, likes, dislikes, reactions or comments about the interview.
A. Check the right column that corresponds to the given questions.

Opening Generative Directive Closing
Interview questions
questions questions questions questions
1. Is there anything you want me to
know more about your meeting with
Mr. Juan Miguel that you failed to
reveal to me?
2. Can you describe your feelings upon
seeing Mr. Juan Miguel?
3. We have agreed to have this
interview in 30 minutes. Is this okay
with you?
4. What makes you so eager to go to
Mr. Miguel’s house?
5. What time of the year have you
usually seen him?
6. You took a taxi cab in getting there,
right?
7. Why do you think he did those
things?
8. Would you like talking to him or to
his brother?
9. How would you describe him as a
friend?
10. Would you let me have another
interview with you soon?
39
B. Read and study the sample Join-Affidavit below.
JOINT- AFFIDAVIT
Kami CVO, Mariano Perez ug Pedro Lumandas, pulos hingkud ang panuigon, menyo, mag-uuma
Filipino, ug lumulupyo sa Sitio Serran, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, human nanumpa subay
sa balaod, mibuhat aning Affidavit, sa tubag sa pangutana nga proma, gipahigayon ni Senior Police
Officer 2 Dennis S. Sinapong sa Opisina sa Serran Police Station, Cagayan de Oro City,, Misamis Oriental
ug among gipanumpaan nga ang among mga tubag sa mga pangutana, ug kami nasayod nga
pagapasakaan kami ug kaso nga criminal sa mga sayop nga tubag o likwad nga testimonya. (We, CVO
Mariano Perez and Pedro Lumandas all of legal age, married, Farmer Filipino, a resident of Sitio Serran,
Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, after being duly sworn to in accordance with law, execute this
Judicial Affidavit, in a Question and Answer Form, conducted by Senior Police Officer 2 Dennis S.
Sinapong in the office of Serran Police Station, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, and we
answering the questions asked for us under oath and for any false or perjured testimony the same
may subject to us for criminal liability.)
Legend: Q – Question propounded by SPO2 Dennis S. Sinapong
A – Answer of CVO, Mariano Perez and Pedro Lumandas.
1. Q: Nganong ania kamo karon sa opisina sa Serran Police Station? (Why are you here today in Serran
Police Station?)
A: Ania kami aron sa paghatag sa among pamahayag, kabahin kini sa among nasaksihan sa nahitabo
niadtong June 23, 2018 sa may 5:30 ang takna sa hapon kapin kun kulang sa Sitio Serran, Cagayan de
Oro, Misamis Oriental. (We are here to give our testimony on the incident happened on June 23, 2018
at around 5:30PM more or less at Sitio Serran, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental.)
2. Q: Palihog e sugid ug unsa inyong nasaksihan anang higayona? (Kindly narrate on what you have
witnessed on that time?)
A: Niaanang higayona, nakadungog nalang kami sa singgit sa mga silingan nangayo ug tabang nga naa
daw nadunggaban sa among Sitio Serran, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental busa isip mga CVO
amo dayon gi adtuan ang area, ug didto amo nasaksihan kini si Anjo Manabat ug si Felipe Mintal daw
hubog kini, naglayog sila, nga kini si Anjo aduna na kiniy samad dinunggaban sa iyang likod nga nag
taup pa gayod ang kutsilyo niini. (On that time, we hear the shout of our neighbor asking for help,
that there was stabbing incident at Sitio Serran, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental. As a CVO we
proceeded to the area, and there we witness Anjo Manabat and Felipe Mintal it seems he (Felipe)
was drunk they grapple each other, that Anjo already incurred stabbed wound at his back and the
knife was still deeply penetrated on it.)
3. Q: Unsa man dayon inyong gibuhat? (What did you do?)

A: Amo silang gi ulang or bulag aron di na modako ug amo mapugngan ang ilang panag-away. (We
separated and aparted them to prevent their fight.)
40
4. Q: Unsa sunod nahitabo? (What happened next?)

A: Amo gitabangan si Anjo aron madala sya dali sa hospital sa Provincial Hospital samtang si Felipe
Mintal mi surrender kini sa amo-a voluntario ug siya amo dayon gi entrigo ni Bgry. Kagawad
Demetrio Pompon ug Chief CVO Teresa de Jesus ug gi dala dayon siya sa kapulisan sa Cagayan de
Oro city. (We help Anjo to send him immediately to Provincial Hospital while Felipe Mintal
voluntarily surrender to us, and we delivered him to Brgy. Kagawad Demetrio Pmpon and Chief CVO
Teresa de Jesus and Felipe was brought to Serran Police Station.)
5. Q: Kabalo ba mo ug unsa hinungdan sa pag pangdunggab? (Did you know what was the motive of
stabbing? (No Sir.)
6. Q: Wala na akoy lain pay ipangutana kaninyo, aduna pa ba kamoy ikadugang o kuhaon sa imong
pamahayag? (I have nothing to ask you, is there any additional statement you make or to retract?)
A: None Sir.
7. Q: Inyo bang panumpaan nga kining inyong mga gisulti dir tinuod ug sakto? (Do you swear that
everything you have state herein are true and correct?)
A: Oo, amo gihimo ning judicial affidavit para isulti nga tinuod ning among gipangsulti diri ug para
mahibaw-an sa korte ang mga panghitabo. (Yes, we executing this judicial affidavit to attest to the truth
of all the foregoing facts and to appraise the court of the same.)
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, We have hereunto set our hand this 23 rd day of June 2018
in Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
CVO. Mariano Perez CVO. Pedro

Lumandas AFFIANT
I HEREBY CERTIFY that I personally examined the above-name affiant and I have faithfully
recorded the questions propounded to them as well as the corresponding answers given thereto and such
answers were given freely and voluntarily by said affiant without being coached by the undersigned.
June 23, 2018 Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
MENANDRO R. MARTINEZ
Police Chief Inspector
Officer in Charge
SUBSCRIBED AND SWORN TO before me this 23 rd day of June 2018 at Cagayan de Oro
City and I further certify that I have personally examined the affiant and that they voluntarily executed same
and read and understood all the averments embodied herein.
41
C. Pretend you are researchers and choose the same data-gathering method called survey that
uses interview as its data-gathering instrument. Interview your partner on your chosen topic.
Using the same data-gathering method and deciding to exchange roles later, agree on the time
limit for each interview session that you should ask questions in a sequential order.
42
SUSPECT
WHO IS THE ACCUSED? WHO IS THE SUSPECT?
The suspect is the person being investigated due to the crime suspicion by Prosecution
Office or law enforcement offices (police, gendarmerie) functioning under the auspices of the
Prosecution Office. If a criminal case is brought against this person, he/she is named as an
accused.
DESCRIPTIONS
Law enforcers are required to describe a person or obtain a description.
A. Think about the topic. Discuss the following questions.
1. What is a description?
2. Why do we use descriptions in police work?
3. What should you pay particular attention to when compiling a description of a
person?
4. When compiling a description of property what details should you pay particular
attention to?
5. Are there any special skills required for police officers in producing a reliable and
accurate description of things which they have seen?
Think about the members of your class. Try to describe one of them so accurately that all the
others in the class would identify that person from your description. The following checklist
may be of help to you- but obviously you do not mention his/her name yet!
a) Full name, including any alias/nickname

 Age: he/she is 20 years old; he is 20 years of age; he is aged 20; he is a 20 year
old youth; he is in his twenties/early 20s/ late 20s; he is about/ approximately
20.
 Age group: school age/ young/ middle aged/ old.
 Age range: under… over…
b) Appearance
 Height: tall/short/ average height
 Build: Fat/slim/thin
 Skin tone: Fair/ white/ dark skinned/ dark brown skinned
 Hair length- short/ long/curly/straight/wacy/bald ; color: brown, black, yellow
 Hair on face: beard/ moustache/ dark chin/ stubble
 Eyes: brown/ black
c) Distinctive (distinguishing) marks: birth marks/ moles/ warts/ scars/ tattoos/ deformity
other identifying marks.
43
d) Characteristics and habits: drinking/smoking/known associates
e) Dress (clothing): smart/ casual/ sporting/ colourful items of clothing
Try to build up a complete description of yourself.
B. Vocabulary – specialist terminology related to suspects’ description. Find the right

equivalent in English
1. Sultii ako sa hulagway-
2. Pagyubit sa nawong-
3. Pahanduraw sa tawo-
4. Istura sa nawong-
5. Pangitaa and suspek-
6. Espesyal nga trademark-
7. Ang Suspetsado giisip nga dunay mga armas ug delikado-
8. Gusto sa suspek…-
9. Ang gahulagway nga gihubit nga mga mosunod-
10. Suspetsado sa ulahi nakita-
44
C. These are statements said by the accused. You have to translate the following
sentences into English
1. “BUHATAN SA USA KA MAESTRA!”
2. “MASKI GI CHISMIS NA TA UG GIKAMINUSAN PAG-AYO.”
3. “BUGOK JUD TO THE MAX.”
4. “TIGULANG KA NA RABA.”
5. “MAONAI GIINGON NGA MGA DAGKO’G ULO.”
6. “WAY NADA PWE!”
7. “MGA MAESTRA PERO WAY MGA GRADO”
8. “DILI MAAYO NGA MGA ROLE MODEL”
9. “AMBOT BA NILA OI”
10. “I PRAY NALANG NGA MABALIK ANG INYONG MAAYONG KABUBUT-ON.”
45
PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY

INJURIES
To receive/ sustain injuries
Minor/serious/ injuries
Slightly injured
killed
deaths-fatalities
casualties
Wounding-to wound
stab-to stab
concussion- to concuss
Bruise-bruising
shotgun wound
Activity 1
Translate the following sentences into English.
Duha ka pulis na nadamay na nuon sa gubot kamulo og responde dadto.
1. Ang nigawas na resulta sa biopsy nagpamatuod na namatay ang tawo tungod sa pag
pusil sa ulo.
2. Gi dunggab sa suspek ang biktima sa iyang dughan gamit ang kutsilyo.
3. Ni reklamo ang biktima na nabuak iyang mga gusok og nabunal iyang ulo og likod.
4. Walay kaswalti na nahatag sa opisina adtong ni aging semana gumikan sa aksidente

sa dryber na gi agapan tungod sa iyang pagtinguha.
5.
Gi pusil kausa sa kriminal and biktima sa
dughan.
46
MISSING FATHER AND SON

LISTENING
Before listening kindly discuss these questions with your partner.
1. Why do people go missing?
2. What do you do if you are concerned about a missing person?
3. Are there any specific requirements in reporting a missing person to the police?
4. Is there a nationals service or helpline once can apply to when there is a long-term
absence of where there is cause of concern?
5. What problems are associated with finding persons who go missing?
6. Give your own opinions (speculate) as to what may happen to a missing person.
In such cases, it is common to speculate about where a person may be now or what may have
happened to him/her.
So we can speculate about the present using
May/might + infinitive
May/might be + …ing (may be holding; might be keeping her prisoner; might be
working)
Or about the past using
May/may have + past participle
May/might have been + past participle (PASSIVE)
Examples
She/he may be with her/his relatives in countryside. (PRESENT)
Someone may have abducted her/him (PAST) and may be keeping her/him hostage.
During Listening
Make notes while listening to the tape. Write down all important details. Identify the 5
cardinals (5 Ws)
After Listening
You have just listened to a police report. Use the notes you have made to answer the follow
questions.
1. How old is the missing son?
2. Since when have the pair been missing?
3. What is the prime concern of the police?
4. How tall is the father?
5. What distinctive mark does he have? Where?
6. What was the baby wearing when last seen?
7. What vehicle (s) could the pair be travelling in?
8. Where have the police displayed posters featuring photographs of the pair?
9. What is father keen on?
10. What do the police urge the father to do?
47
CHAPTER 4: CASE PROCEDURES

Law enforcers are expected to know the right procedure when it comes to cases. They have to be
well informed about the process and thus enforce the law more efficiently.
OBJECTIVES:
 Chronologically arrange each situation according to the correct procedure
 Evaluate the process.
 Critically analyze each procedure in accordance to the nature of their crime.
48
POLICE BLOTTER PROCEDURE

Police Patrolman Alain Marban
1. How to make/write police report (kinds)?
1) Approach any Police Officer.
2) State/write your complaint.
3) Police will then record your complaint/blotter.
4) Police will classify each blotter depending on the need/ urgency of the blotter.
5) The blotter will then be acted upon
Example:
Arrest Procedure:
A. The police will present an arrest warrant signed by a judge to the accused.
B. Bring the arrest person to the police station
C. The arrested person will then go through a booking procedure
a. Finger printing
b. Mug shot
c. Medical check-up
d. Placed in jail cell
2. What laws are you required to read and understand?
 RA 9165 Dangerous Drugs Act.
 Violence Against Women RA 9262
 City Ordinances
A. Arrange the sentences in logical order according to their situation

1. Situation: Car Crash
A. Establish creditability
B. Get the full story of the situation from both parties
C. Assess the situation
D. Escorted to the Police Station
E. Give a brief explanation base on the evidence
F. Sign Police Blotter
G. Set an agreement on both parties
Answer:
2. Rape
A. Police will then record your complaint/blotter
B. State/write your complaint
49
C. Approach any Police Officer

D. The blotter will then be acted upon
E. Issue Medical check-up
F. Police will classify each blotter depending on the need/ urgency of the blotter.
G. Request for Warrant of Request signed by a judge to the accused.
Answer:
3. Threatened and Harassed

A. Go to the Police Station
B. Refer to Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office (MSWDO)
C. State/write your complaint
D. Approach any Police Officer
E. Issue Medical Examination
F. The blotter will then be acted upon
G. Police will classify each blotter depending on the need/ urgency of the blotter.
Answer:
4. Arrest of RA 9165 Violators

A. Conduct an Investigation by Buy-Bust Operation
B. Assign team to Investigate the situation (Not from PNP but other law enforcers)
C. State what happened during the operation for police blotter
D. Medical Examination of Violators and the substance found
E. Approach any Police Officer.
F. Arrest the Violators
G. Bring Violators to Police Station
Answer:
5. Witnessed someone steeling fruits from a plantation

A. Contact the PNP confirm Report of the incident
B. The owner, witnessed, and thief are brought to the Police Station for questioning
C. Give a brief explanation base on the evidence
D. Interview of the situation from the parties
E. Proceed to court hearing
F. Sign Police Blotter
G. Report incident to the Barangay Office
Answer:
50
6. Witnessing someone stabbing companion

A. Interview both parties regarding the incident
B. Escort the witness and the accused to the police station
C. Report incident to PNP
E. Report to the nearest law enforcement office
F. Blotter is recorded and signed
G. Proceed to Court
Answer:
7. Damage Item in Private Property

A. Detain the accused
B. Contact owner of Private Property
C. Report incident to PNP
E. Report to the nearest law enforcement office
F. Get the whole story of the incident by all parties
G. Proceed to Court
Answer:
8. Stalking and Stealing

H. Police will present arrest warrant signed by a judge to the accuse
I. State and write your complaint
J. Police classify the complaint
K. Approach any Police officer
L. Report to the nearest law enforcement office
M. Blotter will there be acted upon
N. The complainant gives a detailed story to the judge in the court that lead to the
incident
Answer:
51
CHAPTER 5: SPEAKING
Communication is a very important skill that a law enforcer should have. Every day they are
faced with different people and they have to deal with their problems and the way that they
communicate.
OBJECTIVES:
 Practice the rules of Oxford Oregon debate
 Establish rapport and credibility as a law enforcer
 Apply prosodic features during the debate
52
RULES OF OXFORD OREGON DEBATE
Cross-Examination/Oregon-Oxford/Forensic Debate
 traditional debate format used in elementary, governors debate, house debate rules,
parliamentary debate rules, high school debate, youtube debate, presidential debate,
colleges and all over the country.
 There are 2 sides in this format: the Affirmative and the Negative.
 The Affirmative proves the validity of the issue or topic called the Proposition while the
Negative disproves it.
 Each team has two speakers and one scribe.
 A Debate Moderator enforces the rules to ensure the debate’s smooth conduct.
Format of Debate - Oxford-Oregon Type

Type Three Speakers from each side
 First Affirmative - Constructive Speech
 First Negative - Interpellation of the first affirmative Speaker
 First Negative - Constructive Speech
 First Affirmative - Interpellation of the first negative speaker
 Second Affirmative - Constructive Speech
 Second Negative - Interpellation of the second affirmative
 Second Negative – Constructive
 Second Affirmative - Interpellation of the second negative
 Third Affirmative - Constructive Speech
 Third Negative - Interpellation of the third affirmative
 Third Negative - Constructive Speech
 Third Affirmative - Interpellation of the third negative
 Rebuttal of the Team Captain of the Negative Side
 Rebuttal of the Team Captain of the Affirmative Side
Duration
Constructive Speech: Minimum of five (5) and maximum of seven (7) minutes
Interpellation: Five (5) minutes
Rebuttal Speech: Three (3) minutes
Issues for Debate

A. Whether or not it is Necessary? (Necessity)
B. Whether or not it is Beneficial? (Beneficiality)
C. Whether or not it is practical? (Practicability
53
A. Read this article
TURNING POINT: Heinous Crime: The Second Chance

By: WILLIAM R. ADAN - SEPTEMBER 21, 2019 5:48 PM
NAAWAN, Misamis Oriental (MindaNews / 21 September) — Heinous crime convicts who

are sentenced to reclusion perpetua or imprisonment for life are not entitled anymore to good
conduct time allowance because, if not for the abolition of death penalty, they would already
be dead. You don’t give any allowance to the dead; there’s no point.
Death is the final solution to end the menace and to secure society from the threat of a
soulless criminal. But for the abolition of death penalty, the deadly criminals have to be
confined in maximum security prison for life for the same purpose as putting them to death.
And they ought to remain there until they have fully served their sentence and would no
longer pose a grave threat to the security and peace of society.
However, while a life sentence is a prison term that typically lasts for one’s lifetime, our
laws – the Revised Penal Code, prescribes a maximum detention period of 40 years, and RA
4103 – the Indeterminate Sentence law – even allows the possibility of early release through
parole or pardon for good behaviour and other meritorious reasons. Hence the grant of good
conduct time allowance to prisoners applies and is in consonance with the spirit and practice
of existing laws.
In the light, however, of the public uproar on the release of heinous crime prisoners under
the GCTA law, there might be a need to amend the Revised Penal Code, the Indeterminate
Sentence Law, and any other related laws and issuances to explicitly prescribe that heinous
crime convicts shall in no circumstance be entitled to early release. It shall be mandatory for
them to serve their term and shall only be freed for good behaviour after 40 years of
imprisonment.
Is it not discriminatory to exclude lifers from the privilege of early release enjoyed by the
rest of prisoners? It might be but we cannot help but discriminate them because of the gravity
of their crimes and the hazards and threat they pose to society. Society has to protect itself.
By such exclusion are they not being deprived of a “second chance” in life? Actually, giving
them a life term instead of death as a sentence, despite the unspeakable gravity of the crime
they committed, is already giving them a second chance. Spared from death, a lifer is given
a new leash in life, a chance to review and to renew his life – to redeem himself. How he
conducts in prison will spell his freedom and the opportunity and readiness to re-join society.
(MindaViews is the opinion section of MindaNews. William R. Adan, Ph.D., is retired
professor and former chancellor of Mindanao State University at Naawan, Misamis
Oriental, Philippines)
54
B. After you have read the article above, it is now time that you speak up your mind
concerning this issue. The class shall have a debate on the topic: “Heinous crimes convicts
deserve a second chance outside the jail.”
Mechanics:
1. The guidelines of the Oregon-Oxford type of debate shall be followed.
2. The class will be divided into two – the affirmative and the negative
3. A toss coin shall be done to identify which group belongs to the affirmative and which
group is the negative.
4. Each group will be given 30 minutes to choose two speakers, discuss their points and
prepare for their speeches.
5. After the allotted time, the debate will start.
6. The first speaker in the affirmative side delivers the entire affirmative case.
7. After the delivery, the first affirmative speaker will be interpellated by the first
speaker of the negative side.
8. After this, the second speaker of the negative side will present the entire negative case.
9. The second negative speaker will be interpellated by the second or the first affirmative
speaker.
10. After, the first speaker of the negative will deliver his or her rebuttal speech followed
by the rebuttal of the second affirmative speaker.
11. The best speaker shall be awarded.
55
CHAPTER 6: CRITICAL
ANALYSIS
Police work is a complex job that takes skilled, well-rounded, and intelligent people to
do well. Being proficient in the skills needed to master the job of a police officer takes a unique
individual, along with special skills that are too often overlooked.
Every day, officers interact with suspects, witnesses, or victims. They respond to
extremely complex situations that often involve frightened or angry people. To do so effectively
requires top-notch critical thinking and writing skills, which are rarely focused on enough as part
of law enforcement training. Officers who are intelligent, able to think clearly under pressure, and
compassionate are going to be effective because they are better able to make good decisions,
detect suspicious behavior, and see through lies.
OBJECTIVES:
 Read and analyze each selection.
 Provide an explanation to the situation.
 Prove one’s point.
56
READING COMPREHENSION and SELECTION ANALYSIS

PART 1
DIRECTIONS. Read, study, and analyze Republic Act 9165 otherwise known as
“Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002." Find out and explain what part of the RA
applies to the following news about drug-related cases that took place within Misamis Oriental
and Cagayan de Oro City.
A.
PDEA nabs jail warden’s sons for illegal drugs
CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY –– Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) Region 10 director Wilkins
Villanueva challenged Misamis Oriental Provincial Jail warden Dominador Tagarda to resign following the
arrest of his two sons Wednesday (Sept. 18) for alleged involvement illegal drugs.
Arrested by PDEA operatives during separate search operations inside their respective homes at Gumamela
Extension in Barangay Carmen here were Bon Clinton Tagarda, 27, and his brother, Gregor, 35.
The raids were conducted based on search warrants issued by a local court.
According to Villanueva, 10 grams of alleged “shabu” or crystal meth was recovered from Bon Clinton while
15 grams from Gregor.
He said the Tagarda brothers have been under surveillance by PDEA agents for some time until they
were eventually busted.
In light of the arrests, Villanueva said the elder Tagarda lost the moral ascendancy to run the provincial jail
hence, should quit his job.
Villanueva has accused Tagarda of protecting his sons despite knowledge of their illegal activities, a
charge that Tagarda denies.
“I have not been negligent in my duty as a father. My wife and I do not tolerate their wrongdoing. We
have always been reminding our sons not to do illegal acts,” Tagarda said.
Source: Inquirer.net
Explanation:
57
B.
Korean-American nabbed for alleged drug use in CDO
CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY -- Police apprehended a 66-year-old Korean-American national for alleged
possession of illegal substance inside a hotel room in Barangay Lumbia, this city, on August 16.
The police identified the suspect as Dong Young Kim, divorced, and staying at the Koresco Hotel in uptown
Cagayan de Oro.
According to Capt. Tessie Lleva, head of the Cogon police station, Dong is a retired United States Army
serviceman and has been using his monthly pension for his daily needs here.
Although he was born in South Korea, Dong is an American citizen, based on his passport.
Lleva said Dong has been known to sell shabu to his compatriots living in the city.
The suspect was divorced in his home country, but he reportedly kept a handful of Filipino girlfriends here.
“His clients are fellow Koreans who, aside from using illegal drugs, are also avid e-bingo players,” she said.
Dong, she said, was considered by the Cogon police as a high-value target.
In fact, she added, the foreigner was arrested for possessing and selling illegal drugs in 2016, but the charges
against him were dismissed.
Lleva said they have yet to know the circumstances on how Dong went scot-free regarding his first arrest.
She said they have been conducting month-long surveillance on Dong, who they found out got his drug
supply from a contact in General Santos City.
When the police were about to arrest Dong and his drug supplier Thursday night, the contact never arrived
and told the suspect by phone that he cannot yet deliver the illegal substance.
Instead of calling off the operation, Lleva said an operative invited Dong to do drugs inside his hotel room.
Personnel from the Cogon police arrested Dong as they were about to start the shabu session. Confiscated
from him were two small sachets of suspected shabu.
Lleva said the suspect could face charges of illegal possession of drugs.
Dong refused to answer queries from reporters.
Explanation:
58
C.
3 killed in Laguindingan drug bust
LAGUINDINGAN, MISAMIS ORIENTAL--THREE suspected drug personalities who allegedly engaged

with the police operatives in a drug raid in Laguindingan, Misamis Oriental, Friday, March 15, died shortly
after the armed encounter.
Killed were certain Dodong “Dongpings” Pindulangan of Sinai, Laguindingan town and his two
companions identified as Runkle John Lago and alias Carlo Dagondon, residents of Cagayan de Oro City.
Combined elements of Laguindingan, Alubijid, and Libertad town police and Provincial Drug Enforcement
Unit (PDEU) raided and searched the house of Pindulangan by virtue of a search warrant issued by a
court in Manticao town last March 8.
But, the operation turned bloody when Pindulangan and Lago allegedly fired their guns while Dagondon
reportedly tried to throw a hand grenade at the operating team, forcing the authorities to return fire.
Police said no one from their side was wounded while all three suspects succumbed to gunshot wounds
to their bodies.
Suspects were rushed to the hospital but were declared dead on arrival.
The Scene of the Crime Operatives (Soco) recovered from the encounter site a black widow revolver, 9mm
Machine pistol and fired bullets.
Investigators also recovered from the suspects’ possession sachets of suspected shabu
(methamphetamine hydrochloride), and drug paraphernalia.
The police internal affairs service is now investigating the shooting deaths of “nanlaban” suspects.
Explanation:
59
D.
Police file raps vs SK chair caught in drug bust
GINGOOG CITY — Police pressed charges against a Sanggunian Kabataaan chairman who was arrested
during an entrapment here last week.
Officials identified the suspect as 24-year-old Renato Mejorada, leader of the youth council of Barangay
Daang Lungsod in this city.
Authorities said Mejorada, allegedly a “Level 1 High-Value Target” of the police, was arrested Monday for
two sachets of suspected shabu.
Police said they also seized from the suspect P1 thousand, the money supposedly used in a buy-and-bust
operation.
Capt. Marilyn Pimentel said Mejorada, who was detained by the police, has been charged with violation of
the Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act the day after his arrest.
Gingoog Mayor Erick Cañosa expressed disappointment with Mejorada even as he lauded the local police
under Col. Ariel Philip Pontillas for arresting the SK chairman.
Cañosa said city hall would not be soft on local officials involved in illegal drug activities even as he warned
that others would be arrested, too.
Misamis Oriental’s SK Federation president, provincial board member Kerwin Soldevilla, also expressed
disappointment. He said other SK officials in the province should learn a lesson from what happened.
Explanation:
60
E.
67-year-old drug suspect shot dead by four assailants
CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY -- A 67-year-old drug suspect, who has been in and out of jail , was killed on
the spot after four gunmen shot him several times in the body, Friday, 10 pm at Opol, Misamis Oriental.
Police Major Everie Baconawa, Opol police station chief, identified the victim as Nicanor Lumacang, a
resident of Poblacion of the said municipality.
Lumacang sustained at least 10 gunshot wounds to the different parts of his body which killed him instantly.
Witnesses in the area told police Lumacang was resting outside his sari-sari store when an unidentified
man riding a motorcycle arrived and bought a cigarette from the said store.
Later, another motorcycle came and the two individuals alighted and started shooting the victim.
“Silang upat mipusil gyud sa biktima nga niadtong higayona natumba na,” one of the witnesses said.
When asked whether they could identify the suspects, witnesses told police they can not since all of them
were wearing bonnets.
After the shooting, the gunmen rode their motorcycles again and fleed the area.
It was learned that Lumacang had been jailed several times due to his alleged involvement to illegal drugs
but the court set him free after a case will be dismissed.
Lumacang had just released from Lumbia city jail on June 30. He was charged with illegal possession of
illegal drugs.
Primitivo Salo, the victim’s uncle, said Lumacang had been telling him that he was already a changed man
and had already shunned illegal activities.
“Gaestoryaha man mi adto. Miingon siya nga magbag-o na siya kay tigulang na unya naa pa siyay gabation
nga sakit. Mao tong nag negosyo nalang siyag gamay nga tindahan,” Salo said.
Lumacang was living alone in the house. His wife and children are in Manila after they got separated.
Explanation:
61
PART 2
DIRECTION. Read the paragraph below. Based on the selection, identify if each of the
given sentences below whether it is a FACT or an OPINION.
In one of the streets of Cagayan de Oro, one raining evening, a drunk man was driving along CM
Recto Avenue. Because of dizziness, he was unable to drive safely. He then failed to stop during red
light and he coincidentally bumped into the car that was coming. Alice, who was waiting to cross the
street, saw how the two cars bumped each other. She called the policemen immediately. Suddenly, both
of the drivers went out from their cars. Both of them were very angry with each other. The victim was
very angry of what happened with her car. Damage includes a broken front passenger window and side
mirror. On the other hand, the driver went back to his car and gets something. The victim was very
astonished when she saw the suspect holding a gun. Then she was shot and the policemen arrived. The
suspect was arrested and the victim was brought into the hospital.
1. Suspect was obviously drunk.

2. Suspect was drinking his bottle of beer while driving.
3. Suspect failed to stop at the red light.
4. The victims a woman of about 50 years old.
5. Four small bruises were evident on her right forearm.
6. The suspect was driving in a very fast speed.
7. The car was owned by the suspect.
8. The witness saw all the happenings.
9. He shouted, “What the hell did you do? Do you know how much this car costs?
demand you to pay for all the damages you’ve don’t to my car!”
10. The suspect pulled the trigger of the gun.
11. The victim was shot in the right shoulder.
12. The victim might have internal bleeding.
13. The suspect got his gun.
14. Damage includes a broken front passenger window and side mirror.
15. The victim is asking the suspect to pay for the damages of her car.
62
PART 3
A. Based on the PNP CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION MANUAL (REVISED) 2011, how can
each of the following incidents involving different cases be resolved? Explain by citing
specific details within the Chapter(s) and/or section(s) of the Revised Manual.
‘Gang-rape’ in Oro
POLICE operatives have arrested four students involved in an alleged "gang-rape" of a 23- year-
old tourism management student of Southern Philippines College (SPC) in Julio-Pacana Streets,
Cagayan de Oro City, on Tuesday, August 6.
Suspects were identified as Jemboy Tonacao, 21, native of Manticao, Misamis Oriental but
temporarily renting a room in Julio-Pacana Streets, this city; Junel Pabingwit, 24, resident of Sto.Nino,
Lapasan; and Clint Caballero, 18, resident of Xavier Heights, this city and Jason Veter.
One of the arrested suspects was a minor while Veter remains at-large.
Initial investigation disclosed that Caballero invited the victim, through their group chat on Facebook,
for a birthday get-together of Tonacao at the latter's boarding house.
Police said the suspects, who were all schoolmates of the victim, were already inside and having a
drinking session when the victim arrived around 5:00 p.m.
The victim reportedly took several shots of the intoxicating liquor and got drunk. She later
wondered that the boys went out after she got out from the toilet.
Police said the victim decided to take a sleep before going home. Around 7:00 p.m., she was awakened after
someone suddenly covered her face with a blanket.
The victim reported that she saw Caballero taking a video while Tonacao and Veter allegedly took
turns in raping her, while the other suspects served as look out.
Investigators said the victim fell asleep again and sought for help when she woke up. The
arrested suspects are now detained and will likely face rape charges.
"There are six suspects conspiring and mutually helping one another. Three of them were arrested
while the rest are still at large," said Major Evan Vinas, spokesperson of the Cagayan de Oro City Police
Office
Source: SunStar Cagayan de Oro

Chapter:
Heading (or ‘Subheading’):
Explanation:
63
B.
NBI files estafa raps vs. CDO 'scammer'
CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY – The National Bureau of Investigation-Region 10 (NBI-

10) has filed large-scale estafa charges on Monday (March 11) against a female suspect alleged to
be involved in an online investment scam that has already victimized more than a hundred
individuals here and other parts of Northern Mindanao.
NBI-10 identified the suspect as Antonette Sestoso, 23, of Barangay Kauswagan, this city.
She is also an online shop seller.
According to lawyer Alex Caburnay, NBI-10 head agent, Sestoso’s modus is to entice her
friends on social media to invest money with the promise of a huge return in a few days.
Caburnay said the suspect created a chat group on Facebook where she enticed her clients
with high investment returns.
Aside from large-scale swindling and estafa, Sestoso will also be charged for violating sections
of Republic Act 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 as her transactions took place
online.
As of Monday, more than a hundred individuals have already formally lodged complaints
against Sestoso.
Caburnay said that based on the initial complaints, Sestoso may have defrauded her clients
with over PHP3 million.
NBI-10 Director Patricio Bernales Jr. said Sestoso turned herself in “for her own safety.”
Bernales said the suspect has promised to return the money in three to four months, but
added he doubted if Sestoso could produce enough cash to pay all her investors back.
A victim, who requested not to be named, said she lost a total of PHP408,000 to the suspect.
64
The 25-year-old private school teacher said she first sent PHP25,000 to Sestoso through a
money remittance service on Feb. 2 and received PHP45,9000 a week after.
Motivated by the huge return, she invested a bigger amount and even told her friends to do the
same.
“I re-invested the cash I received. I told my friends to join because our money will multiply,”
she said.
But on her second investment, she no longer received the money as promised.
She said she knew Sestoso as she is also an online marketer like her, adding she has no
intention to charge the suspect but was left with no choice as many of her friends whom she
convinced to invest has threatened to sue her if she won’t file a case.
“I only wanted my money back. She told me she can pay me back but not the entire amount
that I invested,” she said.
Sestoso declined to answer questions from reporters when she was brought for inquest
proceeding at the City Prosecutor’s Office on Monday.
Source: Philippines News Agency
Chapter:
Explanation:
65
C.
Suspect in LBC robbery falls
POLICE have arrested anew a member of a robbery group who was among those
responsible for the string of robbery cases involving logistics company LBC in Cagayan de Oro
and Butuan City.
Arrested was Roosevelt Bedro, 38, resident of Buara, Bayabas in Cagayan de Oro City
and a member of Bingkol Palubon Robbery Group.
Joint elements of Crime Against Persons and Property Desk (CAPPD) of the Cagayan de
Oro City Police Office (Cocpo) and Butuan police nabbed Bedro by virtue of an arrest warrant
issued by a court in Butuan City.
However, the court allowed the suspect to post bail amounting to P100,000.
CAPPD Chief Mario Mantala said Bedro was involved in a robbery incident at LBC in
Butuan City.
Mantala also said Bedro was earlier arrested in the city after he was involved in another
LBC robbery case in Divisoria.
He said the case was dismissed due to technicality.
"Na-dismiss man to kay naay bikil sa pag-file sa kaso nga na-prove sa iyang abogado.
(the case was dismissed because there were lapses in the filing of the case that was proved
by his lawyer)," he said.
Mantala said the suspect has been transferred to Butuan City jail.
Chapter:
Explanation:
66
D.
Ex-radioman arrested anew for cyber libel
ANOTHER warrant of arrest has been served against a former radio broadcaster while inside
the Cagayan de Oro City Jail last Friday, March 1, just three days after he was arrested for similar
charges.
Members of the Crime Against Persons and Property Desk (CAPPD) of the Cagayan de Oro
City Police Office (Cocpo),and the police cyber crime unit implemented the arrest warrant against
Siegfred "Jigs" Padua for cyber libel in relation to section 4 of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of
2012 (RA 10175).
The arrest warrant was issued by Regional Trial Court (RTC) Branch 18 in Cagayan de Oro
City last February 21. Bail was recommended at P72,000.
Padua was detained at the city jail after he was arrested in Barangay Iponan for similar
charges last February 26.
The case was filed by former City Schools Division superintendent Elena Borcillo. This is the
second cyber libel case filed against Padua after some officials of the
Department of Education (DepEd) in the city cried foul over his posts on his social media
accounts.
The Cagayan de Oro Press Club (COPC) earlier assured that it will deal with the situation and
appropriate actions will be taken which may include removal of Padua from the club.
"COPC will not tolerate this kind of modus being concocted by Mr. Padua who has been using
his COPC membership in undertaking these alleged shady transactions,"the COPC said in a
statement.
Chapter:
Explanation:
67
E.
Bomb hoax causes scare in Cagayan de Oro
CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY - A gift-wrapped box of drinking glasses caused a scare at a

church here after residents mistook it for a bomb.
Fears were heightened after a bomb-sniffing dog sat thrice beside the unattended
package at the San Isidro Labrador here, indicating that it might contain explosives.
Bomb disposal policemen said the dog could have been confused by alcohol-like
chemicals in the box.
Police blew up the package with a water bomb and discovered it contained drinking glasses.
The city was on heightened alert after a bomb explosion in Davao City left 14 people killed and
67 others wounded.
Source: ABS CBN News
Chapter:
Explanation:
68
REFERENCES
Smith, P. and Jones, R. (1969). Police English. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas

Kuzmenko A. (2015). English for Law Enforcement
SOURCES
Retrieved from: https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/prepositions.htm; September 26, 2019
Retrieved:https://www.worldclasslearning.com/english/adjective-degrees-of-
comparison.html; September 25, 2019
Retrieved from: http://www.hukukiyardim.gov.tr/legal_aid/sayfalar/5.htm; September 25,

2019
Retrievedfrom:https://virtualacademy.com/using-active-voice-in-police-
reports/#.XYzPj_ZuIsg; September 26, 2019
Retrieved from: https://www.grammarly.com/blog/verb-tenses/,; September 26, 2019
Retrieved from: https://philnews.ph/2019/04/10/philippine-government-agencies-military-

acronyms-abbreviations/; September 22, 2019
69
GLOSSARY
PHILIPPINE POLICE and MILITARY ACRONYMS
AFP – Armed Forces of the Philippines

AFPCES – Armed Forces of the Philippines Commissary and Exchange Service
AFPCGSC – Armed Forces of the Philippines Command and General Staff College
AIR RESCOM – Philippine Air Force Reserve Command
ARESCOM – Philippine Army Reserve Command
ARG – Armed Forces of the Philippines Reserve Command Affiliate Reserve Group
ATG – Armed Forces of the Philippines Reserve Command Training Group
BJMP – Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
BOC – Bureau of Customs
BuCor – Bureau of Corrections
CEISS – AFP – Armed Forces of the Philippines Communications, Electronics and
Information Systems Service
CRS – AFP – Armed Forces of the Philippines Civil Relations Service
DDB – Dangerous Drugs Board
DND – Department of National Defense
DOJ – Department of Justice
EastMinCom – Eastern Mindanao Command
GHQ-AFP – Armed Forces of the Philippines General Headquarters and Headquarters
Service Command
HHSSG – Headquarters & Headquarters Service Support Group
IACAT – Inter-Agency Council against Trafficking
JSOG – Armed Forces of the Philippines Joint Special Operations Group
JTF-NCR – Armed Forces of the Philippines Joint Task Force- National Capital Region
MCTC – Municipal Circuit Trial Court
NACTAG – National Counter-Terrorism Action Group
NAPOLCOM – National Police Commission
NAVFOREASTMIN – Naval Forces Eastern Mindanao
70
NAVRESCOM – Philippine Navy Reserve Command

NBI – National Bureau of Investigation
NDCP – National Defense College of the Philippines
NICA – National Intelligence Coordinating Agency
NSC – National Security Council
NSRC – National Service Reserve Corps
OCD – Office of Civil Defense
OPAPP – Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process
OSETC – Office of the Special Envoy on Transnational Crime
OSG – Office of the Solicitor General
PA – Philippine army
PAF – Philippine Air Force
PCG – Philippine Coast Guard
PDEA – Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
PKOC – AFP – Armed Forces of the Philippines Peacekeeping Operations Center
PMA – Philippine Military Academy
PMC – Philippine Marine Corps
PN – Philippine Navy
PNP- Philippine National Police
PNP-AVSEGROUP – Philippine National Police Aviation Security Group
PNP-PMO- Philippine National Police Program Management Office
PPA – Parole and Probation Administration
PPA – Philippine Ports Authority
PSG- Presidential Security Group
RESCOM – Armed Forces of the Philippines Reserve Command
RTC – Regional Trial Court
SAF – Special Action Force
SARU – Search and Rescue Unit
SB – Sandiganbayan
SC – Supreme Court
71
SOCOM – Special Operations Command

SRU – Special Reaction Unit
TSRG – Armed Forces of the Philippines Reserve Command Technical Services Reserve
Group
72
PHILIPPINE CRIMINAL LAW
Act No. 3815 - Revised Penal Code of the Philippines

Republic Act No. 9165 - Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
Republic Act No. 9160- Anti-Money Laundering Law of 2001
Republic Act No. 9194 - An Act Amending Republic Act No. 9160, Otherwise Known as the
"Anti-Money Laundering Law of 2001" The Rules and Regulations
Implementing the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001
Republic Act No. 8505- Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998
Republic Act No. 8368 - The Anti-Squatting Law Repeal Act of 1997
Republic Act No. 8353- Anti-Rape Law
Republic Act No. 8294 - An Act Amending the Provisions of P. D. No. 1866, Entitled
"Codifying the Laws on Illegal/Unlawful Possession, Manufacture,
Dealing In, Acquisition or Dispostion of Firearms, Ammunition or
Explosives or Instruments Used in the Manufacture of Firearms,
Ammunition or Explosives, and Imposing Stiffer Penalties for
Certain Violations Thereof, and for Relevant Purposes"
Republic Act No. 8177 - An Act Designating Death by Lethal Injection as the Method of
Carrying Out Capital Punishment, Amending for the Purpose
Article 81 of the Revised Penal Code, As Amended by Section 24
of Republic Act No. 7659
Republic Act No. 8049 - Anti-Hazing Law
Republic Act No. 7890 - An Act Amendig Article 286, Section Three, Chapter Two, Title
Nine of Act No. 3815, As Amended, Otherwise Known as the
Revised Penal Code
Republic Act No. 7832 - Anti-Electricity and Electric Transmission Lines/Materials Pilferage
Act of 1994
Republic Act No. 7659 - Death Penalty Law
Republic Act No. 7438 - An Act Defining Certain Rights of Person Arrested, Detained or
Under Custodial Investigation as well as the Duties of the Arresting,
Detaining and Investigating Officers, and Providing Penalties for
Violations Thereof
Republic Act No. 7636 - An Act Repealing Republic Act Numbered One Thousand Seven
Hundred, As Amended, Otherwise Known as the Anti-Subversion Act.
73
Republic Act No. 7309 - An Act Creating a Board of Claims Under the Department of Justice
for Victims of Unjust Imprisonment or Detention and Victims of
Violent Crimes and for Other Purposes
Republic Act No. 6981- Witness Protection, Security and Benefit Act
Republic Act No. 6968 - An Act Punishing the Crime of Coup d' Etat by Amending Articles
134, 135 and 136 of Chapter One, Title Three of Act Numbered Thirty-
Eight Hundred and Fifteen, Otherwise Known as the Revised Penal
Code, and for Other Purposes.
Republic Act No. 6425 - The Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972
Republic Act No. 1700 - Anti-Subversion Act. An Act to Outlaw the Communist Party of the
Philippines and Similar Associations, Penalizing Membership
Therein, and for Other Purposes.
(Repealed by Republic Act No. 7636)
Presidential Decree No. 2018 - Further Amending Articles 38 and 39 of the Labor Code by
Making Illegal Recruitment a Crime of Economic Sabotage and
Punishable With Life Imprisonment.
Presidential Decree No. 1996 - Further Amending Presidential Decree No. 1834, As
Amended. (Repealed by Executive Order No. 187, Series of 1987)
Presidential Decree No. 1990 - Amending Presidential Decree No. 968, Otherwise Known as
the Probation Law of 1976.
Presidential Decree No. 1975

Amending Presidential Decree No. 1835
(Repealed by Executive Order No. 167, Series of 1987)
Presidential Decree No. 1974

Amending Presidential Decree No. 1834
Presidential Decree No. 1875 - Repealing Presidential Decree No. 1737, Otherwise Known
as an Act Providing for the Preservation of Public Order and the Protection of Individual Rights
and Liberties During Periods of Emergency and Exercise of Extra-Ordinary Executive Powers.
Presidential Decree No. 1835 - Anti-Subversion Law of 1981

Codifying the Various Laws on Anti-Subversion and Increasing the Penalties for Membership
in Subversive Organizations.
74
Presidential Decree No. 1834 - Increasing the Penalties for the Crime of Rebellion, Sedition,
and Related Crimes, and Amending for This Purpose Articles 135, 136, 140, 141, 142, 143,
144, 146 and 147 of th
Revised Penal Code and Adding Section 142-B Thereto.

Presidential Decree No. 1829 - Penalizing Obstruction of Apprehension and Prosecution of

Criminal Offenders.
Presidential Decree No. 1745 - Providing for the Disposition of Cases Involving Simple
Illegal Possession of Firearm, Ammunition, or Explosive, the Surrender of Such Contraband
Under Certain Guarantees and Conditions, and for Other Purposes.
Presidential Decree No. 1744 - Amending Article Three Hundred and Twenty of the Revised
Penal Code Provisions on Arson.
Presidential Decree No. 1743- Amending Presidential Decree No. 1110-A Penalizing Any
Attempt on, or Conspiracy Against, the Life of the Chief Executive of the Republic of the
Philippines, Any Member of His Cabinet or Their Families.
Presidential Decree No. 1737 - An Act Providing for the Preservation of Public Order and the
Protection of Individual Rights and Liberties During Periods of Emergency and Exercise of
Extraordinary Executive Powers.
Presidential Decree No. 1736 - Amending Presidential Decree Numbered Eight Hundred
Eighty-Five, Otherwise Known as the Revised Anti-Subversion Law, As Amended.
Presidential Decree No. 1735 - Imposing Additional Penalties for Rebellion, Insurrection,
Sedition and Subversion Committed Within or Outside Philippine Territory.
Presidential Decree No. 970 Amending Articles 138 and 142 of the Revised Penal Code and
for Other Purposes. (Repealed by Executive Order No. 187, Series of 1987)
Presidential Decree No. 969 - Amending Certain Provisions of Presidential Decree No. 960
Which Amended Article 201 of the Revised Penal Code and for Other Purposes.
Presidential Decree No. 968 - The Probation Law of 1976

Establishing a Probation System, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes.
Presidential Decree No. 942 - Amending the Provisions of the Revised Penal Code on Crimes
Against Public Order.
75
Presidential Decree No. 885 Revised Anti-Subversion Law

Outlawing Subversive Organizations, Penalizing Membership Therein and for Other Purposes.
Presidential Decree No. 38 Amending Articles 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 142, 177, 178 and
179 of the Revised Penal Code.
Batas Pambansa Bilang 873

An Act Amending Article 152 of the Revised Penal Code by Considering Lawyers as Persons
in Authority When in the Performance of Their Duties or on the Occasion Thereof.

An Act Amending Articles Two Hundred Ten and Two Hundred Eleven of Act Numbered
Thirty-Eight and Fifteen, Otherwise Known as the Revised Penal Code, As Amended, to
Increase the Penalty for the Offense of Bribery.

An Act Increasing the Penalty for White Slave Trade, Amending for the Purpose Article 341
of the Revised Penal Code.

An Act Further Amending Certain Sections of Republic Act Numbered Sixty-Four Hundred
and Twenty-Five, Otherwise Known as the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972, Appropriating
Funds Therefor, and for Other Purposes.

An Act Modifying the Definition of the Crime of Corruption of Minors and Increasing the
Penalty Therefor, Amending for the Purpose Article Three Hundred Forty of the Revised Penal
Code.

An Act Authorizing the Release of Any Offender or Accused Who Has Undergone Preventive
Imprisonment Equal to or More Than the Possible Maximum Imprisonment to Which He May
be Sentenced by Amending the Revised Penal Code.

An Act Amending Presidential Decree Numbered Nine Hundred Sixty-Eight, as Amended,
Otherwise Known as the Probation Law of Nineteen Hundred and Seventy-Six, So as to
Expand Its Coverage.

An Act Further Amending Article 310 of the Revised Penal Code.
76

An Act Defining and Penalizing Certain Prohibited Acts Inimical to the Public Interest and
National Security Involving Petroleum and/or Petroleum Products, Prescribing Penalties
Therefor and for Other Purposes.

An Act Amending Presidential Decree Numbered Eight Hundred Eighty-Five, Otherwise
Known as the Revised Anti-Subversion Law.

Bouncing Check Law

An Act Reducing the Penalty for Illegal Possession of Bladed, Pointed or Blunt Weapons, and
for Other Purposes, Amending for the Purpose Presidential Decree Numbered Nine.
Commonwealth Act No. 578

An Act to Amend Article One Hundred Fifty-Two of the Revised Penal Code, so as to Include
Teachers, Professors, and Persons Charged With the Supervision of Public or Duly Recognized
Private Schools, Colleges, and Universities, Within the Term "Persons in Authority" .
Act No. 4103
The Indeterminate Sentence Law

An Act to Provide for an Indeterminate Sentence and Parole for All Persons Convicted of
Certain Crimes by the Courts of the Philippine Islands; to Create a Board of Indeterminate
Sentence and to Provide Funds Therefor; And for Other Purposes.
77
78

ENGLISH For LAW Enforcement - FINAL

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ENGLISH For LAW Enforcement - FINAL

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ENGLISH FOR LAW ENFORCERS

ENGLISH FOR LAW

LAW ENFORCEMENT is a system by which some authorized

The aim of this material is to provide students of Cagayan de Oro

The material will be used as guide and practice exercises that

Chapter 6: Critical Analysis

CHAPTER 1: BASIC GRAMMAR

At the end of this chapter, the students are expected to:

Retrieved from: https://online.sju.edu/graduate/masters-criminal-justice/resources/articles/the-importance-of-professional-writing-skills-in-

WHAT IS LAW ENFORCEMENT?

A. What do you think about the quotes?

B. Match the words with the appropriate picture

When God made Police Officers

Patterned from: Kuzmenko A. (2015). English for Law Enforcement

2. What is the reason why God created police officers?

3. What is the purpose of a police officer in the society?

Patterned from: Kuzmenko A. (2015). English for Law Enforcement

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551

1. The criminal broke the shop and stole some products.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 6975

SUBJECT & VERB AGREEMENT

Subject-verb agreement is an essential topic. Basically, if a subject is singular,

Examples: The criminal shots the man on the head.

A. Choose the correct verb to make the sentences complete.

1. This criminal in prison since his twenties.

2. Look! That man her bag.

3. He is member of that group.

4. The witness the face of the robber.

5. The judge a decision and we are ready to listen to it.

6. He is busy. He his rights.

7. Each officer the articles of the law.

8. A captain and his partner this case for three years.

9. We are arresting a man who from the prison.

10. The lawyer the innocence of the suspect now.

11. Police officers always crimes.

12. The cadet young.

13. The judge an innocent woman.

14. Inspectors their documents at the moment.

15. The victim’s application too long.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

A. What is wrong with these sentences?

1. He is driving a blue big jeepney.

Patterned from: Kuzmenko A. (2015). English for Law Enforcement

B. Put the adjectives in order in these phrases:

small slanting eyes black

This is generally the correct order of adjectives:

SIZE STYLE/PATTERN COLOR/MATERIAL (NOUN)

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1080

1. A person who physically attacks another -

2. A direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal -

5. A court proceeding at which a criminal defendant is formally advised of the charges

6. A. person who institutes legal proceedings against someone -

9. Close observation, especially of a suspected spy or criminal -

10. Ttheft of personal property -

overthrow the government -

12. A person, thing, or circumstance causing inconvenience or annoyance -

committing it, sometimes without being present -

14. Relating to young people -

15. The science of projectiles and firearms –

Republic of the Philippines

EXTRACT COPY OF POLICE BLOTTER

Date/Time of Entry : 22 2000H January 2004