BBA

FLANGE RATING SUB CLASS OF PIPING MATERIAL

A = 125 #
B = 150 # PIPING MATERIAL
C = 300 # A -CAST IRON
D = 600 # B -CARBON STEEL
E = 900 # D -LOW ALLOY STEEL
F = 1500 # E -STAINLESS STEEL
G = 2500 # F -SPECIAL STEEL (HASTELLOY ETC)
H = SPECIAL #
 SOME IMPORTANT FULL FORM IN PIPING INDUSTRIES
GASKET:-
CFT CARBON FILLED TEFLON
PTFE POLLY TETRA FLOURO ETHYLENE
RPTFE REINFORCED POLLY TETRA FLOURO ETHYLENE
CNAF COMPRESSED NON ASBESTOS FIBER
CAF COMPRESSED ASBESTOS FIBER
EPDM ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE MONOMER

NON- METALLIC MATERIAL:-

PP POLLY PROPEN
CPVC CHLORINATED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
FRP FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC
HDPE HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE
LDPE LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE

METALLIC MATERIAL:-
CI CAST IRON
MS MILD STEEL
CS CARBON STEEL
AS ALLOY STEEL
SS STAINLESS STEEL

FITTING TYPES:-
BW BUTT WELD
SW SOCKET WELD
NPT NATIONAL PIPE THREAD
SMS SWEDISH MANUFACTURING STANDARD

UNIVERSAL STANDARDS:-
ANSI AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE
ASME AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEER
ASTM AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIAL
API AMERICAN PETROLIUM INSTITUTE
AISI AMERICAN IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE
AWS AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY
AWWA AMERICAN WATER WORK ASSOCIATION
BS BRITISH STANDARD
EN EUROPIAN STANDARD
MSS-SP MANUFECTURER STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY FOR VALVES AND FITTINGS
DIN DEUTCHES INSTITUTE FOR NORMUNG(GERMAN STANDARD)
JIS JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS
PFI PIPE FEBRICATION INSTITUTE
EJMA EXPANSION JOINT'S MANUFACTURER ASSOCIATION
SAFETY STANDARD:-
NACE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CORROSION ENGINEER
OISD OIL INDUSTRIES SAFETY DIRECTORATE
ASSP AMERICAN SOCETY OF SAFETY PROFESSIONAL
ISO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
NFPA NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION
SOME IMPORTANT CODES AND STANDARDS IN PIPING:
ASME CODES:-
ASME B31.1
ASME B31.2
ASME B31.3
ASME B31.4
ASME B31.5
ASEM B31.8
ASEM B31.9
ASME B31.11

INDIAN CODES:-
IS 1239(PART 1)
IS 1239(PART 2)
IS 3589

ASTM STANDARD:- (DESIGN)

B36.10
B36.19
B16.9
B16.28
B16.11
B16.5
B16.47
B16.1
B16.20
B16.21
B16.34
B16.10
B16.25
B1.20.1
B18.2.1
B18.2.2

API STANDARD: - (DESIGN)

API 600
API 602
API 603
API 608
API 609
API 594

BS STANDARD: - (DESIGN)
BS 5351
BS 5352
BS 1868
BS 1873

MSS-SP STANDARD: - (DESIGN)

MSS-SP 43
MSS-SP 44
MSS-SP 67
MSS-SP 72

API STANDARD: - (TEST)

API 598
API 607

MSS-SP STANDARD: - (TEST)

MSS-SP 61

ISO STANDARD: - (TEST)

ISO 10497
ISO 5208

BS STANDARD: - (TEST)
BS 12266
BS 6755
ODES AND STANDARDS IN PIPING:

POWER PIPING
FUEL GAS PIPING
PROCESS PIPING
PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS FOR LIQUIDS AND SLURRIES
REFRIGERATION PIPING
GAS TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION PIPING
BUILDING SERVICE PIPING
SLURRY TRANSPORTATION PIPING

BLACK STEEL PIPE (UP TO 150MM OR 6")

STEEL TUBES
BIS STANDARD FOR LARGE DIAMETER STEEL PIPE IN WATER AND SEWAGE SERVICE (FROM 6" TO 100" )

CS AND AS PIPE
SS PIPE
BUTT WELD FITTINGS
180 DEG. ELBOW (RETURN ELBOW) AND SHORT RADIOUS ELBOW
SOCKET & THREAD FITTING
STEEL PIPE FLANGE (UPTO 24")
STEEL PIPE FLANGE (26" & ABOVE)
CAST IRON PIPE FLANGE AND FLANGE FITTINGS
METALLIC GASKET
NON METALLIC GASKET
VALVE FLANGED, THREADED & WELDING END.
FACE TO FACE & END TO END DIMENSION OF VALVES
BUTT WELDING ENDS
THREADED PIPE
SQUARE AND HEX BOLT AND SCREWS (INCH SERIES)
SQUARE AND HEX NUT (INCH SERIES)

STEEL GATE VALVE - FLANGED AND BUTT WELDING ENDS, BOLTED AND PRESSURE SEAL BONNETS
COMPACT STEEL GATE VALVE - FLANGED, THREADED, WELDING AND EXTENDED BODY ENDS
CLASS 150 CAST, CORROSION-RESISTANT, FLANGED END GATE VALVE
METAL BALL VALVES- FLANGED, THREADED AND WELDING ENDS
BUTTERFLY VALVE: DOUBLE FLANGED, LUG AND WAFER TYPE
CHECK VALVES (FLANGED, WAFER, LUG AND BUTT WELDING)

SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL BALL VALVES FOR PETROLEUM, PETROCHEMICAL AND ALIED INDUSTRIES
SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL WEDGE GATE, GLOBE AND CHECK VALVES 50MM AND SMALLER FOR THE PETROLIUM AND ALIED INDUSTRIES
SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL CHECK VALVES (FLANGED AND BUTT WELDING ENDS) FOR THE PETROLIUM AND ALIED INDUSTRIES
SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL GLOBE AND GLOBE STOP AND CHECK VALVES (FLANGED AND BUTT WELDING ENDS) FOR THE PETROLIUM AND ALIED INDUSTRIES

WROUGHT STAINLESS STEEL BUTT WELDING FITTINGS

STEEL PIPELINE FLANGES
BUTTERFLY VALVE
BALL VALVE WITH FLANGED OR BUTT WELDING ENDS FOR GENERAL SERVICE

VALVE INSPECTION & TESTING

FIRE TEST

PRESSURE TESTING OF STEEL VALVES

FIRE TEST IN VALVES

PRESSURE TESTING OF VALVES

TESTING OF METALLIC VALVES, PRESSURE TEST, TEST PROCEDURES AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
VALVE TESTING
 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE LIMITATION DIFFRENCE B/W CAST IRON AND STEEL
REF. WWW.KLMTECHGROUP.COM REF: TLV.COM
CAST IRON STEEL
SR NO. MATERIAL MAX. DESIGN TEMPERATURE CARBON CONTENT 2% & GREATER 0.008 TO 2%
1 CARBON STEEL 427℃ SHAPPING CASING CASTING & FORGING
2 P11 (1 1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo) 550℃ WELDING NOT POSSIBLE POSSIBLE
3 P12 (1 Cr-1/2 Mo) 550℃
4 P22 (2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo) 550℃
5 P91 (9 Cr-1 Mo-V) 600℃ DIFFRENCE B/W MILD STEEL AND CARBON STEEL
6 TYPE 304/304L/316L/321/347/STAINLESS STEEL 538℃ CARBON STEEL MILD STEEL
7 TYPE H STAINLESS STEEL (304H, 316H ETC) 800℃ CARBON CONTENT 0.05 TO 1.70% 0.05 TO 0.25%
8 800H (Incoloy) 950℃ PRICE EXPENSIVE CHEAPER
 MATERIAL SPECIFICATION CODES:-

PIPE WELDING CASTING FORGIN

SPEC. GRADE SPEC. GRADE SPEC. GRADE SPEC.
A 53 A A234 WP A105
A 53 B A105
A106 A A234 WPA - - A181
CARBON A106 B A234 WPB - - A181
STEEL A106 C A234 WPC - - -
A106 A A216 WCA A105
A106 B A216 WCB A105
A106 C A216 WCC
A333 3 A420 WPL1 A352 LCB A350
LTCS
A333 6 A350
A335 P11 A234 WP 11 A217 C 11 A182
A335 P12 A234 WP 12 A217 C 12 A182
ALOLY STEEL
A335 P22 A234 WP 22 A217 C 22 A182
A335 P91 A234 WP 9 A217 C9 A182
FORGING
GRADE

1
2
-
1
2

LF1
LF2
F11
F12
F22
F9
ASTM MATERIAL GRADE
 We make a rough sketch of the duct, let's say a transition piece from 1000x1000mm rectangular to 600mm circular, with a len
- We determine the largest flat surface, in this case the flat surface is a triangle (due to the transition) of 1000mm width and a
- We calculate the thickness using the formula from ASME VIII div. 1 UG34: tr = d*√((Z*C*Pd)/(Sb*E))
+ d=700mm (short span)
+ D=1000mm (long span)
+ Z=1.72 (factor depending on d/D)
+ C=0.33 (support factor)
+ Pd= 0.02N/mm²(design pressure)
+ Sb= 115.1N/mm² (allowable stress, 316L, 100°C)
+ E= 1 (joint efficiency factor)
Result: tr=6.95 -> use 8mm
ar to 600mm circular, with a length of 700mm (see attachment).
nsition) of 1000mm width and a length of 700mm.

`
 DUCT SHEET METAL GAUGES
SHEET THK.
GAUGE INCH
MM
0.312
0
7.92 RECOMMENDE GAUGES FOR CIRCULAR DUCTS FOR HEATING AND G
0.281
1
7.14 DIAMETER
0.265 (INCH) GAGE
2
6.73 MM
0.25 6-19"
3 26
6.35 152-483
0.234 20-29"
4 24
5.94 508-737
0.2187 30-39"
5 22
5.55 762-991
0.203 40-49"
6 20
5.16 1016-1245
0.1875 >49
7 18
Welded 4.76
Ductwork 0.172 RECOMMENDED GAUGES FOR CIRCULAR DUCTS FOR INDUSTRIAL E
8
4.37
0.156 <9 24
9
3.96 9-14"
22
0.14 229-356
10
3.56 15-20
20
0.125 381-508
11
3.18 21-30
18
0.109 533-762
12
2.77 >30 16
0.0937
13
2.38
0.078
14
1.98
0.07
15
1.78
0.0625
16
1.59
0.056
17
1.42
0.05
18
1.27
0.0437
19
1.11

SMACNA1)
Ductwork
 0.0375
20
0.952

SMACNA1) 0.0343
21
Ductwork 0.871
0.0312
22
0.792
0.028
23
0.711
0.025
24
0.635
0.0218
25
0.554
0.0187
26
0.475
0.017
27
0.432
0.0156
28
0.396
0.014
29
0.356
0.0125
30
0.318
0.0109
31
Not Suited 0.277
for
Ductwork 0.01
32
0.254
0.0093
33
0.236
0.0085
34
0.216
0.0078
35
0.198
0.007
36
0.178
UCTS FOR HEATING AND GENERAL VENTILATION WORK

DUCTS FOR INDUSTRIAL EXHAUST WORK