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Problem.1.( Surface Moisture) The coal costing Rs 5000/ton on air dry basis was
supplied to an industry which got wet during transit by rain. The wet coal weighed 253 ton at the
time of delivery. The industry made a deduction of Rs.165000 against surface moisture in coal
while making the payment. What was the surface moisture percentage in coal at the time of
delivery?
Numerical Problems:
In this section, the calculation procedure is provided by solving problems to estimate the air
required for combustion, volume of flue gas generated and its composition when solid or
gaseous fuel are burnt.
The combustion of solid fuels (coal, coke etc.) occurs by reacting with air to give heat and
gaseous products. This means, a solid substance is converted into gas. It is common to measure
solid in terms as mass (gram, kilogram or ton) and gases in terms of volume as cubic centimeter
(cc) or cubic meter (m3). While calculating combustion products, two methods could be adopted:
calculation on mass basis or volume basis. This is illustrated with a simple example as a
combustion of pure carbon in air.
Problem.4: A bed of 12 kg graphite (100% C) is burnt in air. Calculate: (i) Theoretical air
required in m , (ii) Volume of products of combustion in m3, and (iii) Flue gas percent analysis.
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Problem.5: A coal contains 78%C, 4% hydrogen, 2%oxygen, 1.8% Sulphur and rest as non-
combustibles. Calculate: (i) Gross calorific value of coal in GJ/ton using Dulong’s Formula:
337C + 1442 [H- (O/8)] + 93 S , kJ/kg ; where C,H,O and S are percentages of carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen and Sulphur respectively. (ii) Amount of coal needed per day to burn in a 10MW power
plant working with 32% thermal efficiency(Given 1 kWh=3.6 MJ).
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