NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA

SPECIAL STUDY CENTRE NURTW GARKI II

FCT ABUJA

S/NO NAME MATRICS/NO. TELEPHONE

1 IKYAATOR SESUGH JUDITH NOU171031022 08168301005

2 BULUKU ZACCHAEUS M. NOU171009940 09013160819

3 TORBEE EMMANUEL TYOLUMUN NOU171052742 09096259910

DEPARTMENT
SOCIAL SCIENCE

B.Sc. PEACE 1STUDIES AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION

300LEVEL, SECOND SEMESTER, 2019
COURSE: GST 302 (BUSINESS CREATION AND GROWTH)

PROPOSED BUSINESS PLAN FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF

SNAILRY FARM IN MASAKA OF KARU LOCAL
GOVERNMENT OF NASARAWA STATE.
LOCATION: NASARAWA STATE (NORTH CENTRAL)
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This business plan X-rays the juicy secrets of snail farming

and its investment benefits. It reveals the objectives of setting up the
farm in Masaka of Karu Local Government of Nasarawa State as well as the
conceptualization of the same.
It was also worthy of note that is next to gold market especially in
France .Also, the demand for snails in the community is high, hence, the
need to explore the market mix in snail farming.
This business plan uses the SWOT analysis and how to improve on
the proposed snail farming project. The marketing strategy adopted
includes the “4 Ps” method. The“4Ps”are:Product, Price, Place and
Promotion.
Furthermore, the business plan shows the investment -year period between
2020 and 2023. Using the formula in calculating the Return On Investment
(ROI), it indicates that the business is a very viable one and can be self
sustaining. It

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Also shows that the business will cover all its expenditures and
even make profit of over 50% within the first year of its
establishment.

INTRODUCTION
Snail meat commonly known as “Congo meat” is one of the
most popular delicacies in Nigeria. Snails are one of the commonest
sources of animal protein in Southern Nigeria where the ecosystem
favors their continued existence. The meat is high in protein (12mg
– 16%) and Iron (50mg/kg45%); low in fat (0.05mg–0.08%)and
contains almost all the amino acids needed for human nutrition.
VISION FOR THE FARM
· To encourage entrepreneurship and self-
sustenance.

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· To change hitherto held erroneous impression where
agriculture is viewed as a non-lucrative venture meant for
the old and non-literates.

· A self sustained MASAKA FARM, using produces and proceeds

from the farm.

OBJECTIVES OF THEFARM

· To promote practical Agriculture.

· To inspire the spirit of entrepreneurship.
· To build strong interest in agriculture.
· To augment or food requirement in the community.
· To achieve self sustainability Masaka Farm Karu Local
Government of Nasarawa State.

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 CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF IDEA

· 1. It is a practicable and viable venture, yet unexplored fully

in Nigeria.
· 2. The technology requirement to set up a small snail farm is
simple and it requires little capital.
· 3. Virtually every part of snail is of vital use in food,
pharmaceutical, manufacturing and fishing industries.
· 4. Snail farming has lower risk compared to other livestock
farming.
· 5. The demand for snail is higher than its supplies, hence, the
market potential of snail is inexhaustible, locally and
internationally.

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· 6. Snail as an export commodity, has value next to gold in oversea
countries e.g. France. It is a foreign exchange income earner of our
days.

7. It has the potential of high capital turnover.

FEASIBILITY OF THESTUDY
The SWOT analysis reveals the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of the business idea.

Strengths: The following constitutes the strengths of the business:

· Adequate start-up capital

· Low risks of production

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 · Availability of high quality breeds of snails
· High demand for snails
· Good market potential
· Best location (area with fresh vegetation)
· Best weather condition
· Few competitors
· Availability of space

· Adequate manpower

Weaknesses:
· Environmental hazards like draught
· Diseases

· Opportunities: The opportunities include:

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· Collection of snail breeds is free. Especially during rainy
seasons, snails are collected from under stones, damps,
leaves and cover crops.

· Snail feeding is simple. Snails are vegetarian sand as such

their feeds are very local, mostly juicy vegetables which are
available in the area.

· It Is easy to maintain. One only needs to change the feeds in

the snails pen once a week to prevent rotting. Their pens
are simply covered with nets to protect them from
predators.

· There turn on investment is very high

· The risk of losing snails in the farm is very low
compared to other livestock farming.

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· Lastly, snails hardly fall sick, they are hermaphrodite; you don't
have to buy food, you don't spend much to create an abode
for them, they reproduce rapidly and are very important
foreign exchange income earner of our days.

· Threats/Risk: The basic threats to the business are mainly

unsystematic risks including the following:

· Presence of predators such as insects, birds, lizard, toad,

frogs, nematodes, millipedes and fungi.

· Human interferences including vibration and

unnecessary noise from automobiles.

· Theft.
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· Draught

· Beaurecracy in getting approval for up keep funding

STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE THETHREAT/RISKS

The following are strategies we should explore in order to

mitigate the threats/risks of the business:

· Construction of an ideal snail's pen. An ideal snail's pen Is a

rectangular-shape den closure made of wood, and galvanized
sheet steal to house the snails. The floor of the pens must be
filled with humus and top covered with net to ward off birds
and other predators.

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· The humus-rich soil should be scattered 3 to 5 inches deep so
as to support the hatching of the eggs and prevent their
direct contact with clayed soil capable of causing drying and
dead of snails because it is waterlogged.

· During the dry season, adequate water supply should be

sprinkle over the pen to enhance their feeding, reproduction
and keeping them alive. Failure to wet their pen makes them
goon aestivation or period of dormancy.

· Adequate security against theft.

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· We must change their food regularly to prevent rotting.

· Avoid any form of human interference with the pens, including

the use of harsh lighting torch at night and unnecessary
vibration and noise.
· Provide lenitive on any bottleneck in the process of accessing
funds for up keep.
· I also suggest we insure the farm because of the
characteristic Iffy nature of most livestock businesses.

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL JUSTIFICATION

· The snail farm will serve as a step in our quest to become

self sufficient, as produce from the

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 Farm will be used to augment whatever food that is
provided for the community while money realized from
sales of snails improves one's livelihood.
· Also the burgeoning youths in the community
can be engaged actively as they learn hands-on the
practice of heliculture. It will also go a long way to
reduce youth restiveness and inspire entrepreneurial
spirit in our society.

LOCATION ANDWHY
Location: The 100 capacity 14' by 14' snail farm will be
located at the right wing of Masaka Farm, Karu Local
Government of Nasarawa State.

REASONS FOR THE LOCATION

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 · Availability of space.
· Availability of water and humus-rich soil.
· Presence of juicy vegetable sand aromatic plants used as
feeds for snails.

· Calmness and secure environment.

· Favourable weather condition for snail breeding.

MARKET ANALYSIS MARKETING

STRATEGY
The marketing strategy adopted includes the “4 Ps” method.
The “4 Ps” are:

Product Price

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Place and Promotion.

Product: The matured snail shall be sold raw and also in its
processed form. The processed snails shall be properly washed
using alum and salt and weighed accordingly, refrigerated and
supplied to eateries, food stores, and of course FCT Abuja residents.

Price: The price for each adult snail depends on the weight and
quality. For example, matured raw snail in-shell cost N 500 to N
600 per one while the same size of the processed snail cost N600 to
N700 per snail respectively.

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Place: Masaka Farm is the production site while the market
includes the Masaka Farm and market (all in Nasarawa State).

Promotion: Both advertising and sales promotion shall be made by

placing adverts on news letters to parents and the news boards for
staff. The nutrition benefit of snails will be made known. Discount
shall also be given with respect to quantities purchased. Product
will be sold at N300 as against N500 market price, this will give us a
competitive edge.

DEMAND AND SUPPLY

The demand for snail meat and its products are higher than
the supplies, hence, the market potential of snail is inexhaustible,
locally and internationally .My observation shows that out of 100%
snail needed in
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WUSE market, FCT, ABUJA for consumers in a year, only 30% was
available. There is therefore, the need for increased production in
order to meet up with the 70% snails demand.

MARKET SHARE (GAP ANALYSIS)

During my market survey, I observed that in WUSE Market (FCT
ABUJA), there are only few snail sellers and their inability to sate the
demand is shown in how fast there snails finish even before the
close of market. .
On these premise, I put their market share at about 30%, leaving us
with the larger chunk of 70%.

SNAILERY
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 INVESTMENT ANALYSIS TOTAL EXPENDITURE FOR

2020

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TYPE: OPEN PEN SIZE: 14'

BY14'

S/ ITEM QUANTITY COST (N)

N

1 ZINC 2 22,000
BUNDLES(40
SHEETS)

2 WOOD-2X3 40 350 X 40
=14,000

3 WOOD-2X2 80 250 X 80
=20,000

4 PLANK 40 1,200X
40=48,000

4 METAL-NET 2 BUNDLES 8,000

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5 NAILS 8,000

6 USED TYERS 10 20,000

7 FEEDS FOR ONE YEAR 360,000

8 SNAILS 100 500X100=50,0

00

9 WORKMANSHIP 30,000

10 TRANSPORTATION 4,000

11 CONTINGENCIES 20,000

TOTAL 604,000

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CASH FLOW PROJECTION FOR A FOUR YEAR PERIOD

S/ CASH RECIEPT (N) 2020 2021 2022 2023 TOTAL

N (N) (N) (N) (N) (N)
1 CASH SALES - 1,800,00 3,600,00 7,200,00 12,600,0
0 0 0 00

CASH
EXPENDITURE(N)
SNAIL PEN +12.3% + 12.3% - -
ZINC 22,000 - - - -
WOOD 34,000 - - - -
PLANK 48,000 - - - -
METAL-NET 8,000 - - - -
NAILS 8,000 - - - -
USED TYERS 20,000 - - - -
WORKMANSHIP 30,000 - - - -
TRANSPORTATION 4,OOO - - - -
CONTINGENCIES 20,000 - - - -
INSURANCE - - - - -
A TOTAL FOR SNAIL 194,00 217,862 244,659 656,521
PEN 0
FEEDS - -20% -20% -20% -
B Feeds 360,00 288,000 230,400 184,320 1,062,72
0 0
C SNAILS 50,000 - - - 50,000
D 2018total - 201333 201333 201333 604,000
exp.(604,000)apporti
oned
E TOTAL CASH - 707,195 676,392 385,653 1,769,24
EXPENDITURE (N) 1

F NET PROFIT (N) - 1,092,80 2,923,60 6,814,34 10,830,7

5 8 7 59

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 RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI)

This will be calculated to show how much profit will be made in

relation to the capita employed.

ROI= profit/capital employedx100

Our net profit for the four year period under consideration =

2020

( 1,092,805/707,195) x100=154.5%

2021

( 2,923,608 / 676,392 ) x100=432.2%

2022

(6,814,347 / 385,653)x100=1767.1%

YEAR 2020 (% 2021 2022 2023

ROI - 154.5 % 432.2% 1767.1%

The table above shows that by 2020, the business will cover all its
expenditures and even make profit of over 50%.

PROFIT MARGIN

This provides a simple measure of performance.

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It Is calculated
as:(profit/sales)x100 2020

(1,092,805/1,800,000) x 100=60.7%

2021

(2,923,608/3,600,000) x 100=81.2%

2022

(6,814,347/7,200,000) x 100=94.6%

YEAR 2020 2021 2022 2023

PM - 60.7% 81.2% 94.6%

From the table, it can be seen that the profit margin increases
over the years by large margins. This indicates that the business is
a very viable one and can be self sustaining.

Summary and conclusion

Snail meat (Congo meat) is a high protein food. Collection from the
wild is not sustainable. Therefore conscious efforts should be made
to rear snails in captivity.

To start a snail farm, the following are required; enough edible live
snails, a good site, enough food and shelter plant sand a pen for the
snail. Snails require soil that is rich in humus with enough calcium
for shell and egg formation. Snails prefer damp soils Protect snails
from wind. Snails are

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cold blooded. Therefore avoid sudden changes in atmospheric
humidity and temperature. Choose snails for rearing that conform
to: good strong shell; snails that fill their shell; fully grown and large
snails. House only one type of snail to get her construct snail pens
using materials available in your environment and according to
your resources. Do not stock more than 15- 25snails/m2.

Keep solider ants, frogs, toads, rats, snail eating birds, lizards and
some beetle larvae off snail farm. Avoid common salt in snail farm.
Snails mature in 12 –24 months.

Snail farming Is very profitable and therefore highly recommended

even as a hobby.
Thanks.

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