Presentation on

industrial training
BSNL HAMIRPUR

By
Anand vibhuti
15mi401
Ece dual degree
A brief about bsnl

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. was incorporated on 15th September

2000

BSNL stands for BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED.

It was formed on 15th Sep 2000.

It is India’s largest and oldest communication service provider.
It had a customer base of 107 million as of March 2018.
Services provided by bsnl
1. Basic local telephony
2. National and international call service
3. Mobile communication
4. Internet service
Basic telephonic facility outframe

● Exchange
● Main distribution frame
● Line connection
● Power plant
Basic structure of telecom exchange

Telephone subscriber Distribution point pillor

Telephone Main distribution

exchange frame
cabinet
Exchange

A telephone exchange or telephone switch is a system of electronic

components that connects telephone calls. A central office is the
physical building used to house inside plant equipment including
telephone switches, which make telephone calls “work” in the
sense of making connections and relaying the speech information.
Block diagram of telephonic exchange
 Carrier room
Leased line connectivity is provided in carrier room.this room has
two parts

1. Conventional leased line system

2. mlln
Mdf (main distribution frame)
main distribution frame (MDF or main frame) is a signal
distribution frame for connecting equipment (inside plant) to cables
and subscriber carrier equipment (outside plant). The MDF is a
termination point within the local telephone exchange where
exchange equipment and terminations of local loops are connected
by jumper wires at the MDF
 Power plant
● It provides -48v to the switch room and 48v to the connections
● Batteries are artificially discharged once a year for maintenance
● Cooling is provided by fans and ac
● There is earth region to for protection
 BROADBAND
● In telecommunications, broadband is wide bandwidth data
transmission which transports multiple signals and traffic types.
The medium can be coaxial cable, optical fiber, radio or twisted
pair.
● In the context of Internet access, broadband is used to mean
any high-speed Internet access that is always on and faster than
dial-up access over traditional analog or ISDN PSTN services.
 MODEM
● A modem (modulator–demodulator) is a network hardware device that modulates
one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission
and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information.
ADSL: Asymmetric digital subscriber
line

⬜ Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) is a type of digital

subscriber line (DSL) technology, a data communications
technology that enables faster data transmission over copper
telephone lines than a conventional voice band modem can
provide
 DSLAM : Digital subscriber line access
multiplexer
● Acts as a data switch and multiplexer.
● Collects digital signal from various modem parts.
● Built in Splitter.
 OCLAN : Other City Local Area Network.

● It aggregates number of DSLAMs.

● These are Gigabit and Fast Ethernet Switches.
● Provides common uplink to BNG
 SPLITTER
● It divides the I/C signal to low frequency and high frequency signal.

● Low frequency signal is used for voice and high frequency is used for data.

425 × 425
BNG : Broadband Network
Gateway
⬜ IP address allocation
⬜ Authentication, authorization and accounting for the sessions.
⬜ In authentication checks user is valid or not
⬜ In authorization it shows bandwidth assigned
⬜ In accounting section it manages the billing and network
usages.
 NOC : Network Operation
Centre
⬜ Fault
⬜ Configuration of DSLAM, OCLAN etc.
⬜ Accounting
 GSM
⬜ GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication and is an open,
digital cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services.
⬜ The GSM emerged from the idea of cell-based mobile radio systems at Bell
Laboratories in the early 1970s.
⬜ GSM SYSTEMS :
◼ RADIO SUBSYSTEM (RSS)
◼ NETWORK AND SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM (NSS)
GSM Network Components :
The GSM network is divided into two systems. Each of these systems is
comprised of a number of functional units which are individual
components of the mobile network. The two systems are:
⬜ Switching System (SS)
⬜ Base Station System (BSS)
 INTRANET
⬜ Smaller private version of Internet. It uses Internet protocols
to create enterprise-wide network which may consists of
interconnected LANs.
⬜ FEATURES OF INTRANET:
1. It is scalable.
2. It is Interchangeable.
3. It is platform independent
4. It is Hardware independent.
5. It is vendor independent.
 WIMAX
● WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is
a family of wireless communication standards based on the
IEEE 802.16 set of standards, which provide multiple physical
layer (PHY) and Media Access Control (MAC) options.
● WI-MAX is an acronym that stands for World-wide
Interoperability for Microwave Access and this technology is
designed to accommodate both fixed and mobile broadband
applications.
 WIFI
● Wi-Fi is technology for radio wireless local area
networking of devices based on the IEEE
802.11 standards. Wi‑Fi is a trademark of the
Wi-Fi Alliance, which restricts the use of the
term Wi-Fi Certified to products that
successfully complete interoperability
certification testing.
FIBER OPTIC TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM
● Optical Fiber is new medium, in which information (voice, Data
or Video) is transmitted through a glass or plastic fiber, in the
form of light, following the transmission sequence give below :
○ Information is encoded into Electrical Signals.
○ Electrical Signals are converted into light Signals.
○ Light Travels down the Fiber.
○ A Detector Changes the Light Signals into Electrical Signals.
○ Electrical Signals are decoded into Information.
Thank you