CHEMICAL PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL HAZARDS AND TOXICITY FIRST AID MEASURE

NAME AND PROPERTIES

FORMULA

Boiling Point: Water is classified as non- Eyes: No specific

Water 100 deg Celsius, but it may hazardous. treatment is necessary,
be dependent on barometric since this material is not
H2O pressure. Potential Health Effects likely to be hazardous.
Eye: Non-irritating to the Skin: No specific
eyes. treatment is necessary,
Skin: Non-irritating to the since this material is not
Melting Point: skin. likely to be hazardous.
0 deg Celsius Ingestion: No hazard Ingestion: No specific
expected in normal treatment is necessary,
industrial use. since this material is
Molecular Weight: Inhalation: No hazard expected to be non-
18.01528 g/mol expected in normal hazardous.
industrial use. Inhalation: No specific
Chronic: None treatment is necessary
since this material is not
Density: likely to be hazardous by
997 kg/m3 inhalation.

Appearance:
May appear blue in color.

Odor:
Odorless at standard
temperature and pressure.

Taste (if applicable):

Tasteless at standard
temperature and pressure.

Solubility:
Solubility does not apply.
Water acts as a solvent. It is
often referred to as the
universal solvent.

Other Properties:
 Polar molecule with an
electrical dipole moment.

Can form a large number of

intermolecular hydrogen
bonds.

Has strong attractive forces

between molecules. giving
rise to water's high surface
tension and capillary forces.

Pure water has a low

electrical conductivity, but
increases with the
dissolution of a small
amount of ionic material
such as sodium chloride.

Large values of viscosity,

surface tension, heat of
vaporization, and entropy of
vaporization. These are all
caused by the extensive
hydrogen bonding in water.

Vapor pressure at 25
degrees Celsius is 23.75
torr.

Has the ability to behave as

both an acid and a base.

Oleic Acid Boiling Point: Flammability: In case of inhalation:

286 degrees Celsius at 100 Highly flammable liquid and Go to an area where
C18H34O2 mm Hg. vapor. there is fresh air.. If not
breathing, give artificial
Melting Point: Precautions: respiration or give
13-14 degrees Celsius. Keep away from heat, oxygen by trained
sparks, and flame. personnel. Get
Molecular Weight: immediate medical
282.5 g/mol Keep away from attention.
heat/sparks/open
Density: flames/hot surfaces. In case of skin contact:
0.887 g/mol Immediately wash skin
Wear protective with soap and plenty of
Appearance: gloves/protective water for at least 15
Colorless to pale yellow clothing/eye protection/face minutes. Remove
liquid. protection. contaminated clothing.
Get medical attention if
Odor: symptoms occur. Wash
Lard-like smell clothing before reuse.

Taste:
Lard-like taste
Solubility:
Insoluble in water.
Soluble in Chloroform.
Other Properties:
Miscible in ethanol, ether,
acetone, benzene,
chloroform, carbon
tetrachloride.
Reacts with alkalis to form
soaps; oxidized to various
derivatives by nitric acid,
potassium permanganate,
and other agents.
Effects and Symptoms:
Material may be irritating to
the mucous membranes
and upper respiratory tract.
May be harmful by
inhalation, ingestion, or skin
absorption. May cause eye,
skin, or respiratory system
irritation. To the best of our
knowledge, the toxicological
properties have not been
thoroughly investigated.
Important Symptoms and
Effects, Both Acute and
Delayed:
May cause anemia, cough,
CNS depression,
drowsiness, headache,
heart damage, lassitude
(weakness, exhaustion),
liver damage, narcosis,
reproductive effects,
teratogenic effects.
In case of eye contact:
Hold eyelids apart and
flush eyes with plenty of
water for at least 15
minutes. Have eyes
examined and tested by
medical personnel.
In case of ingestion:
Wash out mouth with
water provided person is
conscious. Never give
anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Get
medical attention. Do not
induce vomiting unless
directed to do so by
medical personnel.

Toxicological effects:
Not thoroughly studied.

Avoid release into the

environment. Runoff from
fire control or dilution
water may cause
pollution.

Spills and Disposals:

Do not touch or walk
through this product. Stop
leak if safe to do so.
Prevent entry into
waterways, drains, confined
areas. Water spray may be
used to knock down or
divert vapour clouds. Cover
with plastic sheet to
minimize spreading. Absorb
with earth, sand or other
non-combustible material
and transfer to container.

Absorb or contain liquid with

sand, earth or spill control
material.
Sucrose Boiling Point:
397.76 degrees Celsius
C12H22O11
Melting Point:
185-187 degrees Celsius
Molecular Weight:
342.3 g/mol
Density:
1.59 g/cm3
Appearance:
Solid at room temperature.
Crystalline or powdery solid.
May be converted to liquid.
Odor:
Odorless
Taste (if applicable):
Sweet
Solubility:
Soluble in water at 1970g/L
(15)
Other Properties:
Sucrose is a flammable
substance, and can ignite
and combust in the presence
of a flame, it has a low
gradient of flammability and
can be burned with a gentle
flame.
When introduced with acids,
“… [sucrose] can react
explosively with oxidizing
agents such as chlorates
and perchlorates
May be combustible at high
temperature.
CARCINOGENIC Eye Contact:
EFFECTS: Check for and remove
A4 (Not classifiable for any contact lenses. In
human or animal.) by case of contact,
ACGIH. immediately flush eyes
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes. Cold
Mutagenic for bacteria water may be used. Get
and/or yeast. medical attention if
TERATOGENIC irritation occurs.
EFFECTS:
Not available. Skin Contact:
Wash with soap and
DEVELOPMENTAL water. Cover the irritated
TOXICITY: skin with an emollient.
Not available. Repeated or Get medical attention if
prolonged exposure is not irritation develops. Cold
known to aggravate medical water may be used.
condition. Serious
Inhalation:
Potential Acute Health Go to an area where
Effects: there is fresh air. If not
breathing, give artificial
Slightly hazardous in case respiration. If breathing is
of skin contact (irritant), of difficult, give oxygen.
eye contact (irritant), of Get
ingestion, of inhalation. medical attention.
Potential Health Effects:
Inhalation:
Not expected to be a health
hazard. Inhalation of high
concentrations may cause
coughing and upper
respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion:
Extremely large oral
dosages may produce
gastrointestinal
disturbances.
Skin Contact:
No adverse effects
expected.
Eye Contact:
No adverse effects
expected but dust may
cause mechanical irritation.
 Routes of Entry:
Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals: Acute
oral toxicity (LD50): 29700
mg/kg [Rat].
Disposal:
Sweep up or vacuum up
spillage and collect in
suitable container for
disposal. Avoid dust
formation.
Sodium Boiling Point: Flammability:
Chloride 1465 deg C
Caution!
NaCl May cause eye, skin, and
Melting Point: respiratory tract irritation.
800.7 deg C Hygroscopic (absorbs
moisture from the air).
Molecular Weight: Potential Health Effects:
58.44 g/mol
Eye:
May cause eye irritation.
Density: Exposure to solid may
2.16 g/cm3 cause pain and redness.
Skin:
Appearance: May cause skin irritation.
White crystalline solid. May be harmful if absorbed
Colorless/transparent. through the skin.
Odor: Ingestion:
N/a May cause irritation of the
digestive tract. May be
harmful if swallowed.
Taste (if applicable): Ingestion of large amounts
Salty may cause nausea and
vomiting, rigidity or
convulsions. Continued
exposure can produce
Solubility: coma, dehydration.
One gram dissolves in 2.8
mL water. Inhalation:
Slightly soluble in ethanol. May cause respiratory tract
Soluble in other polar irritation. May be harmful if
solvents. inhaled.
Eyes:
Immediately flush eyes
with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes,
occasionally lifting the
upper and lower eyelids.
If irritation develops, get
medical aid.
Skin:
Immediately flush skin
with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes while
removing contaminated
clothing and shoes. Get
medical aid if irritation
develops or persists.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting.
Get medical aid if
irritation or symptoms
occur.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure
and move to an area
where there is fresh air
immediately. If not
breathing, give artificial
respiration. If breathing is
difficult, give oxygen. Get
medical aid if cough or
other symptoms appear.

Other Properties:
It only decomposes at high
temperatures to give toxic
fumes of hydrochloric acid
(HCl) and disodium oxide
(Na2O).
Chronic: No information Notes to Physician:
found. Treat symptomatically
and supportively.
Significant Routes of
Exposure:
Eyes, skin, inhalation,
ingestion

Eye & Skin Irritation:

Rabbit, Eye:
100 mg/24 hour, moderate
irritant Rabbit, Eye: 500 mg/
24 hour, mild irritant.

Disposal:
Vacuum or sweep up
material and place into a
suitable disposal container.
Avoid generating dusty
conditions. Provide
ventilation. Do not let this
chemical enter the
environment.

Sodium Boiling Point: Potential Health Hazards Eye Contact:

Bicarbonate 851 deg c from Sodium Flush eyes with plenty of
Bicarbonate: water and seek medical
NaHCO3 Inhalation: attention if irritation
Melting Point: May cause coughing and occurs.
50 deg c sneezing if a high Skin Contact:
concentration of dust if Wash skin with plenty of
inhaled. soap and water and seek
Molecular Weight: Ingestion: medical attention if
84.007 g/mol May cause gastrointestinal irritation occurs.
irritation can occur if large Inhalation:
amounts have been Individual should be
Density: ingested. removed from exposure
2.2 g/cm3 Eyes: and immediately moved
May cause mild irritation, to an area with fresh air.
such as redness and slight Seek medical attention
pain, may result from eye immediately if any
Appearance: contact breathing difficulty
White crystalline solid or fine Skin: occurs.
powder. In dry form, it’s typically Ingestion:
non-irritating to intact skin; Drink plenty of water and
Odor: however, it can cause seek medical attention if
Odorless irritation to damaged skin discomfort persists.
when moisture is present.
Taste (if applicable): Carcinogenicity:
Bitter, salty. Not listed as a carcinogen
or potential carcinogen.
Disposal:
Not a hazardous material.
Solubility: Dispose in landfill.
Soluble in water.
 Insoluble in ethanol.
Other Properties:
Sodium bicarbonate is an
amphoteric compound, it
means the compound has a
character acids and basic at
the same time. It is highly
soluble in water, resulting in
a slightly alkaline solution.
Iron Boiling Point:
2862 C
Fe
Melting Point:
1538 C
Molecular Weight:
55.84 g/mol
Density:
7.874 g/cm3
Appearance:
Silver-gray metal
Odor:
Solubility:
Dissolves in acids. Insoluble
in water, alkali, alc, and
ether.
Other Properties:
Reacts with very hot water
and steam to produce
hydrogen gas.
Readily combines with
oxygen in moist air which
produces iron oxide also
known as rust.
Hazards:
Iron may cause
conjunctivitis, choroiditis,
and retinitis if it contacts
and remains in the tissues.
Chronic inhalation of
excessive concentrations of
iron oxide fumes or dusts
may result in development
of a benign
pneumoconiosis, called
siderosis, which is
observable as an x-ray
change.
Inhalation of excessive
concentrations of iron oxide
may enhance the risk of
lung cancer development in
workers exposed to
pulmonary carcinogens.
Flammability Rating:
Flammable in presence of
heat
Reactivity Rating:
2 - Moderate
Most Important
Symptoms/Effects, Acute
and Delayed: May cause
irritation.
Small spill:
Use appropriate tools to put
the spilled solid in a
convenient waste disposal
container. Finish cleaning
by spreading water on the
contaminated surface and
INHALATION:
Remove to fresh air,
keep warm and quiet,
give oxygen if breathing
is difficult. Seek medical
attention.
INGESTION:
Rinse mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting.
Seek medical attention.
Never induce vomiting or
give anything by mouth to
an unconscious person.
SKIN:
Remove contaminated
clothing, brush material
off skin, wash affected
area with soap and
water. Seek medical
attention if symptoms
persist.
EYES:
Flush eyes with
lukewarm water,
including under upper
and lower eyelids, for at
least 15 minutes. Seek
medical attention if
symptoms persist.
 dispose of according to
local and regional authority
requirements.
Large spill:
Use a shovel to put the
material into a convenient
waste disposal container.
Finish cleaning by
spreading water on the
contaminated surface and
allow to evacuate through
the sanitary system.
Aluminum Boiling Point: Hazards:
2579 degrees Celsius
Al Aluminum can affect you
when breathed in.
Melting Point:
660.32 degrees Celsius Contact can irritate the skin
and eyes.
Molecular Weight:
26.98 g/mol Can cause “metal fume
fever.” This is a flu like
disease with symptoms of
Density: metallic taste in mouth,
2.7 g/mL headache, fever and chills,
aches, chest tightness, and
Appearance: cough. Symptoms may be
Silvery gray powder delayed for several hours
after exposure and usually
Odor: last for a day or two.
Odorless
Exposure to fine dust can
cause scarring of the lungs
Solubility: (pulmonary fibrosis) with
Insoluble in water and in symptoms of cough and
organic solvents. Soluble in shortness of breath.
dilute hydrochloric acid.
Aluminum powder is
flammable and a dangerous
fire hazard.
Other Properties:
Good conductor of heat and
electricity.
Personal Precautions,
Aluminum metal does not Protective Equipment,
react with air. and Emergency
Procedures:
Wear appropriate
respiratory and protective
equipment
Environmental
Precautions:
In case of inhalation:
Move exposed individual
to fresh air. Loosen
clothing if necessary and
position individual in a
comfortable position.
Seek medical advice if
discomfort or irritation
persists.Get immediate
medical attention.
In case of skin contact:
Immediately wash skin
with soap and plenty of
water for at least 15
minutes. Remove
contaminated clothing.
Get medical attention if
symptoms occur. Wash
clothing before reuse.
In case of eye contact:
Hold eyelids apart and
flush eyes with plenty of
water for at least 15
minutes. Have eyes
examined and tested by
medical personnel.
In case of ingestion:
Wash out mouth with
water provided person is
conscious. Have exposed
individual drink sips of
water. Get medical
attention. Do not induce
vomiting unless directed
to do so by medical
personnel.
 Do not allow to enter drains
or to be released to the
environment.

Ecotoxicity Persistence
and degradability:
Readily degradable in the
environment

Likely Routes of
Exposure:
Inhalation, skin, eyes.
Carcinogenicity:
Not identified as
carcinogenic.

To the best of our

knowledge the chemical,
physical and toxicological
characteristics of the
substance are not fully
known.

Waste Disposal:
Products must not be
disposed together with
household garbage. Do not
allow product to reach
sewage system.

Candle Physical State: POTENTIAL PHYSICAL EYE CONTACT:

Flakes Solid (at ambient EFFECTS SKIN CONTACT If irritation or redness
(Paraffin temperatures) contact with molten material develops from exposure
Wax) can result in severe burns. to fumes, move victim
Color: away from exposure and
CnH2n+2 White (at ambient EYE CONTACT: into fresh air. Flush eyes
temperatures) Direct contact of molten with clean water for at
product to the eyes will least 15 minutes. If
Odor: cause thermal burns and irritation or redness
Faint to Mild Odor injury. persists, seek medical
attention. For contact
Boiling Point / Range: INHALATION: with molten material,
>310°C (>590°F) Breathing fumes in confined gently open eyelids and
areas can cause respiratory flush affected eye(s) with
Melting/Freezing Point: discomfort and possible cold water. Seek
>50°C (>122°F) irritation. immediate medical
attention.
Solubility in Water: POTENTIAL HEALTH
EFFECTS: INHALATION:
 Negligible Low order of toxicity. High-
pressure injection into or
under skin may cause a
serious medical condition.
Toxicity:
Elevated temperatures or
mechanical action may form
vapors, mist, or fumes
which may be irritating to
the eyes and respiratory
tract. Based on assessment
of components.
DISPOSAL
RECOMMENDATIONS
Suitable routes of disposal
are supervised incineration,
preferably with energy
recovery, or recycling
methods in accordance with
applicable regulations and
material characteristics at
the time of disposal.
Carbon
(Activated) Physical State: Solid Potential Health Effects
Remove from further
exposure. For those
providing assistance,
avoid exposure to
yourself or others. Use
appropriate respiratory
protection. If respiratory
irritation, dizziness,
nausea, or
unconsciousness occurs,
seek immediate medical
assistance. If breathing
has stopped, assist
ventilation with medical
device or use mouth-to-
mouth resuscitation.
SKIN CONTACT:
If burned by contact with
molten material, hot
material adhering to the
skin should be cooled as
quickly as possible with
water. Seek a physician
for removal of adhering
material and treatment of
burn. If the material has
been injected into or
under the skin, or into
any part of the body,
regardless of the
appearance of the wound
or size, the individual
should be evaluated
immediately by a
physician as a surgical
emergency. Even though
initial medical symptoms
from injection may be
minimal or absent, early
treatment within the first
few hours may
significantly reduce the
extent of injury.
INGESTION:
The material is not
acutely toxic by ingestion.
First aid is not normally
required. Seek medical
attention if discomfort
occurs.
Eyes: Flush eyes with

C Appearance: black Eye: Dust may cause
mechanical irritation. May
Density: 2.0-2.25 g/cm3 cause lacrimation (tearing),
blurred vision, and
Odor: odorless photophobia. May cause
chemical conjunctivitis and
Vapor Pressure: 1 mm Hg corneal damage.
@ 3586C
Skin: Dust causes
mechanical irritation.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: 4827 deg C Ingestion: May cause
Freezing/Melting Point: nausea, vomiting,
3652 deg C abdominal pain, and
Decomposition increased salivation.
Solubility: insoluble in
water. Inhalation: May cause lung
Specific damage. Olfactory fatigue
Gravity/Density:1.8-2.1 may occur. Can produce
Molecular Formula: C delayed pulmonary edema.
Molecular Weight:12 g/mol Inhalation of dusts cause
severe irritation of the upper
respiratory tract,
gastrointestinal
disturbances, albuminuria,
gradual loss of weight, and
increasing weakness.
Chronic: Chronic inhalation
may lead to decreased
pulmonary function.
Waste treatment
methods:
Dispose of waste and
residues in accordance with
local authority
requirements. Recover and
reclaim or recycle, if
practical.
Starch Appearance: White, Solid Caution! May cause eye,
skin, and respiratory tract
C27H48O20 irritation.
Target Organs: No data
Density: found.
1.5 g/cm3
Potential Health Effects
Eye: May cause eye
irritation.
Skin: May cause skin
plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes,
occasionally lifting the
upper and lower eyelids.
Get medical aid.
Skin: Flush skin with
plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes while
removing contaminated
clothing and shoes. Get
medical aid if irritation
develops or persists.
Wash clothing before
reuse.
Ingestion: Do not induce
vomiting. If victim is
conscious and alert, give
2-4 cups of milk or water.
Never give anything by
mouth to an unconscious
person. Get medical aid.
Inhalation: Remove from
exposure and move to
fresh air immediately. If
not breathing, give
artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give
oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to
Physician: Treat
symptomatically and
supportively.
Eyes: Flush eyes with
plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes,
occasionally lifting the
upper and lower eyelids.
Get medical aid.
Skin: Flush skin with
plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes while
removing contaminated
clothing and shoes. Get
 irritation. medical aid if irritation
Boiling Point: 100 deg C Ingestion: May cause develops or persists.
irritation of the digestive Ingestion: If victim is
tract. conscious and alert, give
Melting Point: Inhalation: May cause 2-4 cupfuls of milk or
respiratory tract irritation. water. Never give
Chronic: No information anything by mouth to an
256-258°C
found. unconscious person. Get
medical aid.
Inhalation: Remove from
Solubility: exposure and move to
fresh air immediately. Get
Starch becomes soluble in medical aid if cough or
water when heated other symptoms appear.
Notes to
Physician: Treat
Molecular Weight: 692.7 symptomatically and
g/mol supportively.

References

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https://www.britannica.com/science/science.

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https://www.fishersci.com/us/en/home.html.

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from

http://www.softschools.com/formulas/chemistry/sodium_chloride_uses_properties_structure_formula/

255/.

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