Cisco CRS-1 Series Router ROM Monitor (ROMMON) Guide: Appendix

A P P E N D I X A
Cisco CRS-1 Series Router ROM Monitor

(ROMMON) Guide
The ROM monitor is a bootstrap program that initializes the hardware and boots the
Cisco IOS-XR software when you power on or restart a Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System
router (Cisco CRS-1 Series router) . ROM monitor mode is also known as “ROMMON,” which reflects
the command-line interface (CLI) prompt for the mode.
rommon B1>
During normal operation, users do not interact with ROMMON. This mode is accessed only by manually
interrupting the boot process and placing the system in ROMMON. Once in ROMMON, you can perform
ROM monitor tasks, including reinstalling the Cisco IOS-XR software, recovering passwords, and
performing other diagnostic tasks.
The ROM monitor CLI mode is accessible only from a terminal connected directly to the Console port
of the primary and standby route processors (RPs). This chapter describes the procedures to enter ROM
monitor mode and perform the most common ROM monitor tasks.
Contents
This chapter contains the following sections:
• Entering ROM Monitor Mode, page A-176
– Reset the Configuration Register and Reload the Router, page A-176
– Manually Halt the Initialization Process During System Reload, page A-180
• Configuration Register Settings, page A-180
– Commonly Used Configuration Register Value Settings, page A-180
– Changing the Configuration Register Setting from EXEC Mode, page A-181
– Changing the Configuration Register from ROM Monitor Mode, page A-183
• Reinstalling the Cisco IOS-XR Software from ROMMON, page A-183
– Bootable .vm Software Images, page A-184
– Understanding the TFTP Environmental Variables in ROMMON, page A-185
– Understanding the Easybake Variables, page A-186
– Reinstall the Software from an Image Located on a TFTP server, page A-187
– Reinstall the Software from a .vm Located on Flash disk1:, page A-191
Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

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Appendix A Cisco CRS-1 Series Router ROM Monitor (ROMMON) Guide
Entering ROM Monitor Mode
– What to Do Next, page A-195

• Specifying an Alternative Configuration, page A-195
• Disaster Recovery, page A-196
• Recovering the Root Password, page A-196
• Viewing the Available ROM Monitor Commands and Options, page A-197
• Exiting ROM Monitor Mode, page A-198

Two ways to enter ROM monitor mode are provided:
• “Reset the Configuration Register and Reload the Router”
• “Manually Halt the Initialization Process During System Reload”
Reset the Configuration Register and Reload the Router

In normal operating conditions, it should not be necessary to enter ROM monitor mode. If you do find
it necessary to place the system in ROMMON, make sure that the system is in a steady state and that you
are prepared for the consequences of a system reload. In particular, verify the items described in the
“Prerequisites” section on page A-176.
Prerequisites
Before you place the router in ROMMON mode, verify that the system is in a steady state, including the
following:
1. Prepare the primary RP:
a. Anticipate significant downtime, including loss of packet forwarding on the system.
b. Verify that all changes to the active router configuration are saved with the commit command
in configuration mode.
c. Verify that all changes to the active software set are saved with the install commit command in
EXEC mode.
d. Verify that all install commit processes are complete with the show install committed
command in EXEC mode. This command displays the committed packages that become active
during the next router boot.
2. Verify the other nodes in the system are in a steady state.
a. If a standby RP is installed, verify that it is in the “ready” state with the show redundancy
command in EXEC mode.
b. Verify that all available nodes in the system are in HFROS-RUNNING state with show
platform command in EXEC mode.
After you have verified that the system is in a stable state, you can enter ROM monitor mode by resetting
the configuration register setting, as described in the following steps.

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SUMMARY STEPS
Complete the following steps in the order shown to ensure that the configuration register setting is
consistent between the Cisco IOS-XR software and the ROM monitor of the Cisco CRS-1 Series router.
Note If a standby RP is installed in the router, you must also complete the steps for the standby after the
primary RP has entered ROM monitor mode.
1. Verify that the router is in a steady state, as described in the “Prerequisites” section on page A-176.
2. Connect a terminal to the primary RP console port.
3. configure
4. config-register 0x0
5. commit
6. no config-register 0x0
7. commit
8. end
9. reload
10. Repeat these steps for the standby RP after the primary RP has entered ROMMON. Both RPs must
be in ROMMON mode.
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 Verify the router is in a steady state, as described in the Ensures that all configurations are saved, and that no
“Prerequisites” section on page A-176. install processes are running.
Step 2 Connect a terminal. Connects a terminal or PC to the primary RP console
port and log in to the router.
See the “Connecting and Communicating with the
Cisco CRS-1 Series Router” section on page 1-16
for more information on connecting a terminal.
Step 3 configure Enters configuration mode.
Example:
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure

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Step 4 config-register 0x0 Resets the configuration register to 0x0 in the
running configuration. See the “Configuration
Register Settings” section on page A-180 for more
Example: information.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# config-register 0x0
Warning Resetting the configuration register may

change the baud rate for the console.
Note Setting the config-register to 0x0 causes to

the system to enter ROM monitor
(ROMMON) mode during a reload.
Step 5 commit Saves the changes to the running configuration.
Example: Warning You must commit the setting and enter

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit the following “no config-register 0x0”
command for the settings to take effect.
Refer to DDTS# CSCec84700 for more
information on this requirement.
Step 6 no config-register 0x0 Prevents unwanted changes to config-register at a

later point, and guarantees the setting is the same
between the Cisco IOS-XR software and the ROM
Example: monitor of the Cisco CRS-1 Series router.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# no config-register 0x0
Note Refer to DDTS# CSCec84700 for more
information on this requirement.
Example:
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit
Step 8 end Exits configuration mode.
Example:
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# end
Step 9 reload Reloads the system to enter ROM monitor mode.
Example:
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# reload
Step 10 rommon B1> Allows you to boot the system manually or perform
other ROM monitor tasks.
Step 11 Repeat these steps for the standby RP after the primary RP has When you place the primary RP in ROMMON mode,
entered ROMMON. Both RPs must be in ROMMON mode. the system will fail over to the standby RP, which
then becomes the primary.
If the router contains two RPs, repeat these steps for
the second RP. Both RPs must be in ROMMON
mode.

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The following examples are provided:

• Prerequisites: Verify the Router is in a Stable State
• Place the System in ROM Monitor Mode
Prerequisites: Verify the Router is in a Stable State

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show redundancy
This node (0/RP0/CPU0) is in ACTIVE role
Partner node (0/RP1/CPU0) is in STANDBY role
Standby node in 0/RP1/CPU0 is ready
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show platform

Node Type PLIM State Config State
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
0/2/SP L3LC(SP) N/A HFROS-RUNNING PWR,NSHUT,MON
0/2/CPU0 L3LC 16 port OC48 HFROS-RUNNING PWR,NSHUT,MON
0/3/SP L3LC(SP) N/A HFROS-RUNNING PWR,NSHUT,MON
0/3/CPU0 L3LC 8 port 10GE HFROS-RUNNING PWR,NSHUT,MON
0/RP0/CPU0 RP(Standby) N/A HFROS-RUNNING PWR,NSHUT,MON
0/RP1/CPU0 RP(Active) N/A HFROS-RUNNING PWR,NSHUT,MON
0/SM0/SP S123(SP) N/A HFROS-RUNNING PWR,NSHUT,MON
Place the System in ROM Monitor Mode

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# config-register 0x0
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# no config-register 0x0
Updating Commit Database. Please wait...[OK]
System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: y
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
Initializing DDR SDRAM...found 2048 MB

Initializing ECC on bank 0
Turning off data cache, using DDR for first time
Initializing NVRAM...
Testing a portion of DDR SDRAM ...done
Reading ID EEPROMs ...
Initializing SQUID ...
Initializing PCI ...
System Bootstrap, Version 1.14(20031101:014214) [HFR ROMMON],

Copyright (c) 1994-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Board type is 0x100000 (1048576)
Broadcom 5618 #0 Found on PCI

Broadcom 5618 #1 Found on PCI
No. of BCM 56xx switches found 2 .
BCM Switch #0 initialisation complete.
BCM Switch #1 initialisation complete
G4(7455-SMP-MV64360 Rev 2) platform with 2048 Mb of main memory
rommon B1 >

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Configuration Register Settings
Manually Halt the Initialization Process During System Reload

To force the router to stop loading and enter the ROM monitor mode, press Ctrl-C when you see the
following message:
MBI validation sending request.
HIT CTRL-C to abort
This message usually appears during the first 20 seconds of system startup. It may be necessary to press
the Ctrl-C keys repeatedly during this time to ensure the initialization process stops and the system
enters ROMMON.
This operation can be performed only from a terminal directly connected to the router console port. See
the “Connecting and Communicating with the Cisco CRS-1 Series Router” section on page 1-16 for
more information.
Note If a standby RP is installed in the system, repeat this process for both RPs. When the primary RP is
placed in ROMMON, it fails over to the standby RP, which can then also be placed in ROMMON.

The configuration register settings (config-register) is a 16-bit, user-configurable value that determines
how the router functions during initialization. The configuration register can cause the router to boot
normally from the default startup configuration, or to enter ROM monitor mode during a system reset.
Configuration register settings can also be used to perform tasks such as password recovery.
The following sections describe how to change the configuration register settings either from the EXEC
mode or from ROM monitor mode.
• “Commonly Used Configuration Register Value Settings”
• “Changing the Configuration Register Setting from EXEC Mode”
• “Changing the Configuration Register from ROM Monitor Mode”
Commonly Used Configuration Register Value Settings

To change the configuration register setting from normal operating mode, enter the config-register value
command. The most commonly used values are described in Table A-1.
Table A-1 Common config-register Settings
config-register value Description

0x0 The router enters ROM monitor (rommon B1>) on the next system boot.
0x2 The router boots the Cisco IOS-XR software and configuration (EXEC mode) on the next
system boot.
0x40 The router enters the password recovery mode on the next system boot.

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Note By default, the configuration register value is 0x2, which automatically boots the system to normal
EXEC mode.
Changing the Configuration Register Setting from EXEC Mode

To change the configuration register setting from normal operating mode, enter the config-register value
command.
Note To view the current configuration register setting, enter the show variables boot command in EXEC
mode.
Complete the following steps in the order shown to ensure that the configuration register setting is
consistent between the Cisco IOS-XR software and the ROM monitor of the Cisco CRS-1 Series router.
SUMMARY STEPS
11. Connect a terminal to the primary RP console port.

12. configure
13. config-register 0x0
14. commit
15. no config-register 0x0
16. commit
17. end
18. reload
DETAILED STEPS

Step 1 Connect a terminal. Connect sa terminal or PC to the primary RP console port
and log in to the router.
See the “Connecting and Communicating with the Cisco
CRS-1 Series Router” section on page 1-16 for more
information on connecting a terminal.
Step 2 configure Enters configuration mode.
Example:

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Step 3 config-register value Defines the new configuration register setting to an
assigned value in the running configuration. See the
“Commonly Used Configuration Register Value Settings”
Example: section on page A-180 for more information.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# config-register
0x0 Changes take effect when you reload the router.

Example: Warning You must commit the setting and enter the
following “no config-register 0x0” command for
the settings to take effect. Refer to DDTS#
CSCec84700 for more information on this
requirement.
Step 5 no config-register 0x0 Prevents unwanted changes to the configuration register at

a later point, and guarantees the setting is the same between
the Cisco IOS-XR software and the ROM monitor of the
Example: Cisco CRS-1 Series router.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# no
config-register 0x0 Note Refer to DDTS# CSCec84700 for more information
on this requirement.
Example:
Step 7 end Exits configuration mode.
Example:
Step 8 reload Reloads the system for the changes to take effect.
Example:
EXAMPLE
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# config-register value
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# no config-register value

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Reinstalling the Cisco IOS-XR Software from ROMMON
Changing the Configuration Register from ROM Monitor Mode

When the router is in ROM monitor mode, you can change the configuration register by entering the
value manually, or by allowing the ROM monitor to prompt you for the setting. This section describes
how to manually enter the configuration register setting.
To manually change the configuration register setting in ROM monitor mode, enter the confreg
command followed by the new value.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. confreg value
2. reset
DETAILED STEPS

Step 1 confreg value Defines the new configuration register setting to an
assigned value. See the “Commonly Used Configuration
Register Value Settings” section on page A-180 for more
Example: information.
rommon B1> confreg 0x2

Step 2 reset Reloads the system for the changes to take effect.
Example:
rommon B1> reset
EXAMPLE
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect.
rommon B1> reset

Warning Reinstalling the Cisco IOS-XR software from ROMMON replaces the currently installed router
software and causes significant router downtime. Cisco Systems recommends installing or upgrading
software packages from the EXEC mode using PIE files, as described in Chapter 6, “Adding and
Activating Cisco IOS-XR Software Packages.”
The standard way to install new software on your router is by using the install CLI commands in EXEC
mode. However, if the router is unable to boot the Cisco IOS-XR software, or if you wish to completely
replace the existing software, you can reinstall the software while in ROM monitor mode.

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This section describes the process to reinstall the Cisco IOS-XR software from a .vm image.
• The standard method to reinstall the software is to boot a .vm image located on a TFTP server.
• If a TFTP server is not available, copy the necessary.vm image to flash disk1: while the router is still
in EXEC mode. This process is described in the “Installing or Downloading Files from a Network
Server” section on page 6-110.
• After the image is on flash disk1:, complete the instructions in the “Reinstall the Software from a
.vm Located on Flash disk1:” section on page A-191.
Contents
This section includes the following topics:
• “Overview”
• “Reinstall the Software from an Image Located on a TFTP server”
• “Reinstall the Software from a .vm Located on Flash disk1:”
• “What to Do Next”
Overview
The following sections provide an overview of reinstalling software from ROMMON:
• “Bootable .vm Software Images”
• “Understanding the TFTP Environmental Variables in ROMMON”
• “Understanding the Easybake Variables”
Bootable .vm Software Images

Files with the .vm extension are bootable files used to reinstall the Cisco IOS-XR software from ROM
monitor mode. These files cannot be used in EXEC mode. Table A-2 describes the composite packages.
Table A-2 Composite Package Names and Descriptions

Name Filename Description
Mini comp-hfr-mini.vm Contains the packages for OS, Base, Forwarding, Admin, Line Card and Routing. A
copy of the “mini” bootable file is included on the disk1: archive shipped with new
routers.
Note The Manageability, Multicast, MPLS, and Security packages must be installed
separately from normal EXEC mode. See Chapter 6, “Adding and Activating
Cisco IOS-XR Software Packages,” for more information.
Note Only Cisco IOS-XR software installation files with the .vm extension can be installed from ROMMON.

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Understanding the TFTP Environmental Variables in ROMMON

ROM monitor environmental variables are used to define the IP location of your router (see Table A-3).
This information is used during the installation process described later in this section.
Table A-3 Environmental Variables for Install Process
Variable Description Example

IP_ADDRESS=ip_address IPv4 address of this router IP_ADDRESS=1.1.1.1
IP_SUBNET_MASK=ip_address Subnet mask of this router IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.0.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY=ip_address IP address of the default gateway of this DEFAULT_GATEWAY=12.12.0.1

router
• To view the current environmental variables, enter the set command.

• To save the environmental variables, enter the sync command.
Note Environmental values that are not saved with the sync command are discarded whenever the system is
reset or reloaded.
Examples
Set the TFTP Variables

rommon B1> IP_ADDRESS=1.1.1.1
rommon B1> IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.0.0
rommon B1> DEFAULT_GATEWAY=12.12.0.1
rommon B1> sync
rommon B1>
View the Currently Defined Variables

rommon B1 > set
PS1=rommon ! >
MARGIN_1_5V_HIGH=1
TFTP_VERBOSE=2
IP_ADDRESS=1.1.1.1
IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.0.0
TFTP_SERVER=
DEFAULT_GATEWAY=12.25.0.1
TFTP_FILE=
CONFIG_FILE=
?=0
EASYBAKE=0x0
ReloadReason=65
BOOT=disk0:hfr-os-mbi-1.0.0/mbihfr-rp.vm,1;
rommon B2 >

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Understanding the Easybake Variables

The Easybake variables are used to define the options used during the install process. You can instruct
Easybake to reformat the flash disk before installing the new software packages, or you can instruct
Easybake to delete the old packages without formatting the disk.
Table A-4 describes commonly used Easybake variable settings.
Warning Use only the Easybake variables shown in Table A-4 when booting a .vm image from ROMMON. Use
of any variable not shown in this list could result in serious system errors.
Table A-4 Easybake Variables and Descriptions
Setting Option Description

0x100000001 “Cleans” disk0: Used on the primary RP only. This option installs and activates the
new set of Cisco IOS-XR software packages on disk0:.
• “Cleans” disk0:. The current software is replaced with the new
packages. Other files, such as configurations, are preserved.
• Boots the system and resets all settings to standard operating
values.
0x100100001 Formats disk0: Used on the primary RP only. This option installs and activates the
new set of Cisco IOS-XR software packages on disk0:.
• Formats disk0:. The entire internal flash disk is formatted before
the new software packages are installed. All existing software and
configurations are deleted.
• Boots the system and resets all settings to standard operating
values.
Caution This option deletes all software and configurations on

disk0:. To preserve the current router configuration, copy it
to another disk while still in EXEC mode. See the
“Configuration History and Rollback” section on page 2-40
for more information.

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Reinstall the Software from an Image Located on a TFTP server

The Cisco IOS-XR software can be reinstalled directly from a .vm image located on a TFTP server.
Complete the instructions in this section exactly as described.
Restrictions for TFTP Services

TFTP services by some vendors (such as Sun Solaris) may not support files larger than 32 MB. Because
most IOS-XR .vm images are larger than 32 MB, you may need to use one of the following options:
• Use a third party or freeware TFTP server that supports file sizes larger than 32 MB.
• Download a patch from Sun Microsystems to correct this limitation (http://www.sun.com).
• Install the IOS-XR software from a .vm image located on the local flash disk. See the “Reinstall the
Software from a .vm Located on Flash disk1:” section on page A-191.
Prerequisites
Before you begin, collect the following information.
• IP address of your router
• Subnet mask of your router
• IP address of the default gateway of your router
• IP address of the TFTP server from which the software will be downloaded
• The filename and directory of the .vm installation file that will be installed on your router
SUMMARY STEPS
1. (Optional). Back up the router configuration while still in EXEC mode.

2. Place both the standby RP and the primary RP in ROMMON, as described in the “Entering ROM
Monitor Mode” section on page A-176.
3. Prepare the standby RP:
a. unset BOOT
b. unset TFTP_FILE
c. EASYBAKE=0x100000000
d. sync
e. confreg 0x2
f. reset
4. On the primary RP, set the ROMMON variables that define the IP location of your router:
a. IP_ADDRESS=ip_address
b. IP_SUBNET_MASK=ip_address
c. DEFAULT_GATEWAY=ip_address
a. unset BOOT
b. unset TFTP_FILE

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c. EASYBAKE=variable
d. sync
6. On the primary RP, boot the .vm installation file from the TFTP server:
rommon B1> boot tftp://server/dir/filename
DETAILED STEPS

Step 1 (Optional). Back up the router configuration while still To preserve the current router configuration, copy it to
in EXEC mode. another disk while still in EXEC mode. See the
“Configuration History and Rollback” section on
page 2-40 for more information.
Step 2 Place both the standby RP and the primary RP in See the “Entering ROM Monitor Mode” section on
ROMMON. page A-176 for more information. You must attach a
terminal to each card for this procedure.
Step 3 Prepare the standby RP: Enter these settings exactly as shown. All variable names
are case sensitive.
a. unset BOOT
a. Clears the BOOT variable.
b. unset TFTP_FILE
b. Clears the TFTP_FILE variable.
c. Sets the EASYBAKE variable. Enter this value
d. sync
exactly as shown (0x100000000).
e. confreg 0x2
d. Saves the changes.
f. reset
e. Sets the configuration register to automatically
start the boot process instead of staying in
Example: ROMMON mode.
rommon B1> unset BOOT
rommon B1> unset TFTP_FILE
f. Resets the standby RP and starts the boot
rommon B1> EASYBAKE=0x100000000 process.
rommon B1> sync
rommon B1> reset
Step 4 On the primary RP, set the ROMMON variables that Enter these setting exactly as shown. All variable names
define the IP locations of your router, and the TFTP are case sensitive.
server where the bootable .vm file is located.
a. Sets the IP address of your router
a. IP_ADDRESS=ip_address
b. Sets the subnet mask of your router
a. IP_SUBNET_MASK=ip_address
c. Sets the default gateway of your router
a. DEFAULT_GATEWAY=ip_address
Example:

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Step 5 On the primary RP, set the Easybake variable:
a. unset BOOT Warning The Easybake variable determines how the
software is reinstalled on your router. Enter
b. unset TFTP_FILE
one of the two options exactly as shown.
c. EASYBAKE=variable
d. sync a. Clears the BOOT variable
Example: c. Sets the EASYBAKE variable. EASYBAKE
rommon B1> EASYBAKE=0x100000001 variable options are:
rommon B1> sync
– 0x100000001: Cleans disk0:. The current
software is deleted and replaced with new
packages. Other files, such as user
configurations, is preserved.
– 0x100100001: Formats disk0:. The entire
internal flash disk is formatted before the new
software packages are installed. All existing
software and configurations is deleted.
d. Saves the new ROM monitor variable settings.
Caution The option to format disk0: deletes all router

configurations. To preserve the current router
configuration, copy it to another disk while
still in EXEC mode. See the “Configuration
History and Rollback” section on page 2-40
Step 6 On the primary RP, boot the .vm installation file from the Retrieve the file from the TFTP server and installs it on
TFTP server. disk0:. This process also removes any existing software
packages, resets the configuration register to 0x2, and
boot tftp://server/directory/filename
boots the system.
After the primary RP boots, the standby RP downloads
Example: (synchronizes) the packages from the primary RP and
rommon B1> boot
tftp://223.255.254.254/softdir/comp-hfr-mini.vm
boots automatically.
Step 7 Allow the system to fully boot. If you chose the option to format disk0:, the router enters
Setup mode. The Setup mode prompts allow you to enter
the initial configurations as described in the “Verify the
System After Initial Bring Up” section on page 4-76.
If you chose the option to clean disk0:, the system is fully
booted when the CLI prompt is shown and the interfaces
are created.
Step 8 See the “What to Do Next” section on page A-195, for
information on entering new configurations, installing
additional software, and verifying the system interfaces.
Examples

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• “Prepare the Standby RP”

• “Set the ROMMON Variables”
• “Set the Easybake Variable”
• “Boot the .vm Installation File”
Prepare the Standby RP

rommon B1> EASYBAKE=0x100000000
rommon B1> sync
rommon B1> reset
Set the ROMMON Variables
On the primary RP, set the ROMMON variables that define the IP locations of your router and the TFTP
server where the bootable .vm file is located:
Set the Easybake Variable
On the primary RP, set the Easybake variable:

rommon B1> sync
Boot the .vm Installation File
On the primary RP, boot the .vm installation file from the TFTP server:
boot tftp://223.255.254.254/softdir/comp-hfr-mini.vm
IP_ADDRESS: 1.1.1.1
IP_SUBNET_MASK: 255.0.0.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY: 1.1.0.1
TFTP_SERVER: 223.0.0.0
TFTP_FILE: /softdir/comp-hfr-mini.vm
Performing tftpdnld using External Ethernet.

MAC address is 0:5:9a:39:91:5d
Initializing interface.
Interface link state up.
ARPing for 12.3.0.1

ARP reply for 12.3.0.1 received. MAC address 00:00:0c:07:ac:0d
Receiving /softdir/comp-hfr-mini.vm from 223.255.254.254 !!!!!

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Reinstall the Software from a .vm Located on Flash disk1:

This section describes the tasks required to install the Cisco IOS-XR software to the internal flash disk0:
using a .vm image stored on removable flash disk1:. Complete the procedures exactly as described in
this section.
Note Before booting begins, a delay of 10 minutes or more may occur while the .vm image is read to memory
from the removable flash disk1:. (DDTS CSCed22546).
Copying a .vm Image to disk1:

All new Cisco CRS-1 Series routers are shipped with a removable flash disk1: that contains an archive
of bootable .vm files. If these files are not present on disk1:, or if a different version is required, use one
of the following options:
• While the router is still in EXEC mode, copy the necessary .vm image from a TFTP, FTP, or RCP
server to disk1:. This process is described in the “Installing or Downloading Files from a Network
Server” section on page 6-110.
• Contact your system administrator for a flash disk containing the bootable .vm file.
• Contact your Cisco representative for a flash disk containing the bootable.vm file. See the
“Obtaining Technical Assistance” section on page -xviii for more information.
Note The removable disk1: is used to store archives of .vm and .pie files only. This disk cannot be used as a
destination for installed software or configurations. Only the internal flash disk0: can be used to store
active software and configurations. See the “File Storage” section on page 1-13 for more information.
Prerequisites
A valid.vm image as described in the “Bootable .vm Software Images” section on page A-184, must be
located on the removable flash disk (disk1:). The software can be installed only using a .vm file located
on disk1: or TFTP server.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. (Optional). Back up the router configuration while still in EXEC mode.

2. Place both the standby RP and the primary RP in ROMMON, as described in the “Entering ROM
Monitor Mode” section on page A-176. You must attach a terminal to each card for this procedure.
3. Prepare the standby RP:
a. unset BOOT
b. unset TFTP_FILE
d. sync
e. confreg 0x2
f. reset

OL-6142-01 A-191
a. unset BOOT
b. unset TFTP_FILE
d. sync
5. On the primary RP, boot the .vm installation file from disk1:.
boot disk1:/directory/filename
Note Before booting begins, a delay of 10 minutes or more may occur while the .vm image is read to memory
from the removable flash disk1:. (DDTS CSCed22546).
DETAILED STEPS

Step 1 (Optional). Back up the router configuration while still in To preserve the current router configuration, copy it
EXEC mode. to another disk while still in EXEC mode. See the
“Configuration History and Rollback” section on
page 2-40 for more information.
Step 2 Place both the standby RP and the primary RP in See the “Entering ROM Monitor Mode” section on
ROMMON. page A-176 for more information. You must attach a
terminal to each card for this procedure.
Step 3 Prepare the standby RP: Enter the settings exactly as shown. All variable
names are case sensitive.
a. unset BOOT
b. unset TFTP_FILE
c. Sets the EASYBAKE variable. Enter this
d. sync
value exactly as shown (0x100000000).
e. confreg 0x2
d. Saves the changes.
f. reset
e. Sets the configuration register to
automatically start the boot process instead
Example: of staying in ROMMON mode.
f. Resets the standby RP and starts the boot
rommon B1> EASYBAKE=0x100000000 process.
rommon B1> sync
rommon B1> reset

A-192 OL-6142-01

Step 4 On the primary RP, set the Easybake variable:
a. unset BOOT Warning The Easybake variable determines how
the software is reinstalled on your
b. unset TFTP_FILE
router. Enter one of the two options
c. EASYBAKE=variable exactly as shown.
d. sync
Example:
rommon B1> EASYBAKE=0x100000001 c. Sets the EASYBAKE variable.
rommon B1> sync EASYBAKE variable options are:
– 0x100000001: Cleans disk0:. The current
software is deleted and replaced with new
packages. Other files, such as user
configurations, are preserved.
– 0x100100001: Formats disk0:. The entire
internal flash disk is formatted before the
new software packages are installed. All
existing software and configurations are
deleted.
d. Saves the configuration.
Caution The option to format disk0: will delete all

router configurations. To preserve the
current router configuration, copy it to
another disk while still in EXEC mode.
See the “Configuration History and
Rollback” section on page 2-40
Step 5 sync Saves the changes.
Example:
rommon B1> sync

OL-6142-01 A-193

Step 6 boot disk1:/directory/filename Boots the file located on disk1: and installs it to the
default disk0:. This process also removes any
existing software packages, resets the configuration
register to 0x2, and boots the system.
Example:
rommon B1> boot disk1:/comp-hfr-mini.vm
After the primary RP boots, the standby RP
downloads (synchronizes) the packages from the
primary RP and boots automatically.
After the primary RP boots, the standby RP will
download (synchronize) the packages from the
primary RP and boot automatically.
Caution A delay of 10 minutes or more occurs

while the software is read from the flash
disk (DDTS CSCed22546).
Step 7 Allow the system to fully boot. If you chose the option to format disk0:, the router
enters Setup mode. The Setup mode prompts allow
you to enter the initial configurations, as described
in the “Verify the System After Initial Bring Up”
section on page 4-76.
If you chose the option to clean disk0:. The system
is fully booted when the CLI prompt is shown and
the interfaces are created.
Step 8 See the “What to Do Next” section on page A-195, for
information on entering new configurations, installing
additional software, and verifying the system interfaces.
Examples
• “Prepare the Standby RP”
• “Set the Easybake Variable”
• “Boot the .vm Installation File”
Prepare the Standby RP

rommon B1> sync
rommon B1> reset
Set the Easybake Variable
On the primary RP, set the Easybake variable and save the changes:
rommon B1> sync

A-194 OL-6142-01
Specifying an Alternative Configuration
Boot the .vm Installation File
On the primary RP, boot the .vm installation file from disk1:.
boot disk1:/comp-hfr-mini.vm
Note A delay of 10 minutes or more occurs while the software is read from the flash disk
(DDTS CSCed22546).
What to Do Next
After the system is up, it is in normal EXEC mode, where you can execute the full range of CLI
commands.
Note If you chose the option to format disk0:, the router enters Setup mode. The Setup mode prompts allow
you to enter the initial configurations, as described in the “Verify the System After Initial Bring Up”
section on page 4-76. Also, see the “Enter the Initial Configuration Using the Setup Mode Prompts”
section on page 4-73.
1. See the “Interfaces Not Coming Up” section on page 9-171 for instructions to verify that the
interfaces are up and properly configured.
2. Install additional software from the PIE files, as necessary. See Chapter 6, “Adding and Activating
Cisco IOS-XR Software Packages,” for more information.
3. See Appendix C, “Related Cisco Systems Documentation,” for a list of the additional documentation
to fully configure the router.
Specifying an Alternative Configuration

You can specify an alternative configuration for the router from ROMMON using the methods described
in this section:
• “Specify a Temporary Configuration File with the “ -a” Boot Option”
• “Specify a Permanent Configuration File with the “IOX_CONFIG_FILE=” Variable”
Warning The default committed configuration (disk0:/config/startup) should be sufficient for most situations.
The options described in this section are for rare cases when an alternative configuration is required.
Use of these methods can result in system errors or downtime.
Specify a Temporary Configuration File with the “ -a” Boot Option

The configuration file loaded during system boot can be changed by entering the boot command in ROM
monitor mode. The following command syntax is used:
boot <image> –a <config-file-path>

OL-6142-01 A-195
Disaster Recovery
Although this command causes the router to boot from an alternative configuration, the system reverts
to the default committed configuration on the next system reload.
Example:
rommon B1> boot tftp://223.255.254.254/images/comp-hfr-mini.vm -a
/disk1:/cfgarchives/gold.conf
Note The path name should be a valid unix path name (a slash “/” must be included after the device “disk1:/”).
Specify a Permanent Configuration File with the “IOX_CONFIG_FILE=” Variable

To permanently change the location of the default configuration file, specify the filename and directory
path in the “IOX_CONFIG_FILE=” ROMMON variable. Specifying the variable forces the use of the
specified file for all boots while this variable is set. The following command syntax is used:
rommon B1> IOX_CONFIG_FILE=disk1:cfgarchives/gold.conf
rommon B1> sync
Note The “IOX_CONFIG_FILE=” variable is overridden by the boot <image> –a <config-file-path>

command.
Disaster Recovery
If the router is unable to boot the Cisco IOS-XR software from the local storage device, the router
attempts to find a boot image until you press Ctrl-C, as described in the “Manually Halt the Initialization
Process During System Reload” section on page A-180.
From ROM monitor mode, you can boot an alternative Cisco IOS-XR software image, or issue one of
the available ROM monitor commands.
• For a summary of the available commands in ROM monitor mode, see the “Viewing the Available
ROM Monitor Commands and Options” section on page A-197.
• To reinstall the Cisco IOS-XR software from a bootable .vm image on a local device or TFTP server,
see the “Reinstalling the Cisco IOS-XR Software from ROMMON” section on page A-183.
Recovering the Root Password

If the root password is forgotten, it can be recovered only by setting the configuration register to 0x40
on the primary RP and rebooting the router. When the router boots and enters the prompt mode, you see
a password recovery dialog, as shown in the following example. This dialog prompts you to reset the
root username and password.
When you save the new password, the configuration register automatically resets to the prior value (such
as 0x0).
Step 1 Set the primary RP configuration register to 0x40 at the ROMMON prompt and boot the router.
rommon 1 > confreg 0x40
Step 2 You must reset or power cycle for the new setting to take effect.

A-196 OL-6142-01
Viewing the Available ROM Monitor Commands and Options
rommon 2 > reset
Step 3 Press Return at the prompt to enter the password recovery dialog. Then enter the new root username and
password.
router con0_0_0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
--- Password Recovery Dialog ---
Enter root-system username: user_a
Enter root-system password: secret04
The following configuration command script was created:
username user_a
password 7 1105180741
group root-system
!
end
[0] Go to the command prompt without saving this config.
[1] Return back to the setup without saving this config.
[2] Save this configuration and exit.
Enter your selection [2]:
config register will be reset to 0x0

Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration.
User Access Verification
Username: user_a
Password:
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router#
Viewing the Available ROM Monitor Commands and Options

Table A-5 describes the available help commands.
Table A-5 Help Commands in ROMMON
Command Description
help or ? Displays a summary of all available ROM monitor commands.
-? Displays information about command syntax.
EXAMPLE
Enter the “?” at the command prompt to display a list of the commands available in ROM monitor mode.
Note Commands are case sensitive. You can halt any command by pressing Ctrl-C on a terminal.
rommon B5 > ?
alias set and display aliases command
show_bcm_links Show Links status on Broadcom Switches
show_bcm Show Broadcom Switches Information

OL-6142-01 A-197
Exiting ROM Monitor Mode
boot boot up an external process

confreg configuration register utility
cont continue executing a downloaded image
context display the context of a loaded image
dev list the device table
dir list files in file system
dis disassemble instruction stream
dnld serial download a program module
help monitor builtin command help
history monitor command history
meminfo main memory information
dumpspd Dump the Serial Presents Detect info from the SDRAM DIMMs
dumpplaneeeprom Dump the contents of the back plane
repeat repeat a monitor command
reset system reset
scanpci0 scan for devices on PCI bus 0
scanpci1 scan for devices on PCI bus 1
set display the monitor variables
smptest Test the other CPU on an SMP board
sync write monitor environment to NVRAM
tftpdnld tftpdnld no longer available, use boot
unalias unset an alias
unset unset a monitor variable
version display rommon software, board, version
writei2c Write to an I2C device
rommon B2 >

To exit ROMMON mode, you must change the configuration register to 0x2 and reset the router. This
process can be done either by entering the CLI commands or by responding to prompts.
Tip The first RP to enter EXEC mode becomes the primary RP. You can determine which RP is the
primary RP by resetting that card to EXEC mode first, and then waiting 1 to 2 minutes to allow it to
boot fully. You can also fail over to the standby RP at any time with the failover redundancy
command in EXEC mode.
• “Reset to EXEC Mode with CLI Commands”

• “Reset to EXEC Mode Using Prompts”
Reset to EXEC Mode with CLI Commands

Enter the following commands to reset the configuration register in ROMMON and reset the router to
normal operation (EXEC mode).
SUMMARY STEPS
1. confreg 0x2
2. reset

A-198 OL-6142-01
DETAILED STEPS

Step 1 confreg 0x2 Resets the configuration register to enter
EXEC mode when the system is reset.
Example:
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
Step 2 reset Resets and initializes the router, similar to a
power up.
Example:
rommon B1> reset
Reset to EXEC Mode Using Prompts

In ROM monitor mode, you can also change the configuration register value using the confreg prompts.
Enter the confreg command, as shown in the following example, and respond to each question when
prompted.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. confreg
2. Respond to each prompt as instructed.
3. reset
EXAMPLE
rommon B1> confreg
Configuration Summary
(Virtual Configuration Register: 0x0)
enabled are:
console baud: 9600
boot: the ROM Monitor
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y

enable "diagnostic mode"? y/n [n]: n
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: n
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: y
enter to boot:
0 = ROM Monitor
1 = MBI Validation Boot Mode
[0]: 1
Configuration Summary
(Virtual Configuration Register: 0x2)
enabled are:
console baud: 9600
boot: image specified by the boot system commands

OL-6142-01 A-199
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
rommon B1> reset
Note MBI validation mode causes the router to boot the startup Cisco IOS-XR software and configuration.

A-200 OL-6142-01

Cisco CRS-1 Series Router ROM Monitor (ROMMON) Guide: Appendix

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A P P E N D I X A

Cisco CRS-1 Series Router ROM Monitor

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

– What to Do Next, page A-195

Entering ROM Monitor Mode

Reset the Configuration Register and Reload the Router

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Command or Action Purpose

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Command or Action Purpose

Warning Resetting the configuration register may

Note Setting the config-register to 0x0 causes to

Example: Warning You must commit the setting and enter

Step 6 no config-register 0x0 Prevents unwanted changes to config-register at a

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

The following examples are provided:

Prerequisites: Verify the Router is in a Stable State

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show platform

Place the System in ROM Monitor Mode

Initializing DDR SDRAM...found 2048 MB

System Bootstrap, Version 1.14(20031101:014214) [HFR ROMMON],

Broadcom 5618 #0 Found on PCI

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Manually Halt the Initialization Process During System Reload

Configuration Register Settings

Commonly Used Configuration Register Value Settings

Table A-1 Common config-register Settings

config-register value Description

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Changing the Configuration Register Setting from EXEC Mode

11. Connect a terminal to the primary RP console port.

Command or Action Purpose

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Command or Action Purpose

Warning Resetting the configuration register may

Step 4 commit Saves the changes to the running configuration.

Step 5 no config-register 0x0 Prevents unwanted changes to the configuration register at

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Changing the Configuration Register from ROM Monitor Mode

Command or Action Purpose

Warning Resetting the configuration register may

Reinstalling the Cisco IOS-XR Software from ROMMON

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Bootable .vm Software Images

Table A-2 Composite Package Names and Descriptions

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Understanding the TFTP Environmental Variables in ROMMON

Table A-3 Environmental Variables for Install Process

Variable Description Example

IP_SUBNET_MASK=ip_address Subnet mask of this router IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.0.0

DEFAULT_GATEWAY=ip_address IP address of the default gateway of this DEFAULT_GATEWAY=12.12.0.1

• To view the current environmental variables, enter the set command.

Set the TFTP Variables

View the Currently Defined Variables

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Understanding the Easybake Variables

Table A-4 Easybake Variables and Descriptions

Setting Option Description

Caution This option deletes all software and configurations on

Cisco CRS-1 Series Carrier Routing System Getting Started Guide

Reinstall the Software from an Image Located on a TFTP server

Restrictions for TFTP Services