GROUP 01

Environmental Engineering Lab

Submitted By:
Name Registration #
Janita Noor 2016-CH-72
Sadaf Munir 2016-CH-86
Submitted To: Ma’am Sana Ahmad
 Experiment#01
Objective :
To reduce the turbidity of the given sample of water

Procedure:
 Equal volumes of canal water were taken in four beakers and about 0.2 ml of
coagulant was added in each beaker and then keep stirred on test jar apparatus
for about 10 minutes.
 Then flocculent is added to each beaker but different amounts and again left for
stirring for 5.
 After that just left the beakers for stirring at slower rate for almost 30 minutes.
 Then measured the turbidity of all the samples with NTU and the sample water
without flocculent and coagulant which is taken as initial turbidity and then
plotted a graph between flocculent dosage and the change in turbidity (initial
turbidity-final turbidity)

Observation:
Observation table:
sample Amount of Initial turbidity final turbidity change in
# flocculent turbidity

1 0.2 628 51 577

2 0.4 628 38 590

3 0.6 628 19 609

4 0.8 628 27 601

Graphical Results:

615

610

605
turbidity (NTU)

600

595

590

585

580

575
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
flocculant dosage (mL)

The turbidity of the sample water decrease with an increase in the dosage of flocculent
and the optimum flocculent dosage is about 0.6 ml for 500 ml of the given sample of
water

Conclusion:
We get optimum dosage value of flocculent as 0.6 ml and not 0.8 ml because due to
increase in the value of flocculent amount the settling time should also be increase to
let the suspended particles to settle down and to make the water clear.

Application:
We have studied in this experiment that turbidity is the main element of impurity and
this type of impurity is due to the colloidal particles and through this technique we
convert these particles to suspended particles which are easy to be removed. This
technique is used in water treatment which is used in different applications e.g boilers,
cooling tower etc.