Experiment No.

15
TWO PORT PARAMETERS

OBJECTIVE
To determine two port network z parameters.
To determine two port network y parameters.

THEORY
The relation between input and output signals of the network can be determined by transferring
various network parameters, such as, impedance, admittance, voltage ratio and current ratio.
Let us refer to the figure below,

Here in the network,

The transfer voltage ratio function is,

The transfer current ratio function is,

The transfer impedance function is,

The transfer admittance function is,

A two port network is an electrical network model with one pair of input terminals and one pair
of output terminals. It is commonly used to model the voltage and current characteristics of
complex electrical networks.
Two Port Network Parameters
There are various parameters needed to analyze a two port network. For examples, Z parameters,
Y parameters, h parameters, g parameters, ABCD parameters etc.
Let us discuss Z and Y network parameters one by one to gain a better understanding of their
application and uses.
Z parameters are also known as impedance parameters. When we use Z parameter for analyzing
two part network, the voltages are represented as the function of currents. So,

A general two port network is shown in Figure 1. The Z parameters are also known as open circuit
impedance parameters. The Z parameters of a two port network are Z11, Z12, Z21 and Z22 and
these are given by

Z11 = V1/I1 when I2 = 0 i.e. secondary is open circuited.

Z12 = V1/I2 when 11 = 0 i.e. primary is open circuited.
Z21 = V2/I1 when I2 = 0 i.e. secondary is open circuited.
Z22 = V2/I2 when I1 =0 i.e. primary is open circuited.

Figure 1: A Two Port Network

The Y parameters are also known as short circuit admittance parameters. The Y parameters
of a two port network are Y11, Y12, Y21 and Y22 and these are given by

Y11 = I1/V1 when V2 = 0 i.e. secondary is short circuited.

Y12 = I1 /V2 when V1 = 0 i.e. primary is short circuited.

Y21 = I2/V1 when V2 = 0 i.e. secondary is short circuited.

Y22 = I2/V2 when V1 =0 i.e. primary is short circuited.

EQUIPMENT
DC power supply Digital multimeter

Jumpers wires Resistors: 1kΩ (2), 2.2 kΩ, 1Ω(2)

Breadboard

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Figure 2: For Z11 and Z21 where I2=0

Figure 3: For Z12 and Z22 where I1=0

 Figure 4: For Y11 and Y21 where V2=0

Figure 5: For Y12 and Y22 where V1=0

PROCEDURE
1. Connect the components on bread board according the circuit diagram of Figure 2.
2. Observe and note values of V1, V2 and I1 by using oscilloscope or multimeter.
3. Find Z11 and Z21.

4. Now connect the components on bread board according the circuit diagram of Figure 3.
5. Observe and note values of V1, V2 and I2 by using oscilloscope or multimeter.
6. Find Z12 and Z22.

7. Connect the components on bread board according the circuit diagram of Figure 4.
8. Observe and note values of V1, I2 and I1 by using oscilloscope or multimeter.
9. Find Y11 and Y21.

10. Now connect the components on bread board according the circuit diagram of Figure 5.
11. Observe and note values of I1, V2 and I2 by using oscilloscope or multimeter.
12. Find Y12 and Y22.

RESULTS

For Figure 2, For Figure 4,

V1= V1=

V2 = I2=

I1= I1=

Z11 = V1/I1 = Y11= I1/V1=

Z21= V2/I1 = Y21= I2/V1=

For Figure 3, For Figure 5,

V1= I1=

V2= V2 =

I2 = I2=

Z12= V1/I2 = Y12= I1/V2=

Z22 = V2/I2 = Y22= I2/V2=

DISCUSSION

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