Name:____________________________ Grade and Section:__________

Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What determines the type of volcano forms?

a. Location of the volcano c. the type of eruption
b. The weather at the time of eruption
c. The type of eruption
d. The amount of earthquakes before the eruption.
2. What type of volcano has a gentle eruption?
a. Shield b. cinder cone c. composite d. stratovolcano
3. Which of the following is not an indicator of volcanic eruption?
a. Release of different gases from volcano
b. Weather pattern
c. Changing shape of volcano
d. Earthquake frequency
4. Volcanic eruption cause destruction, but they are also________
a. Beneficial because they provide usable minerals
b. Helpful because they help with solar power
c. Helpful because they destroy land
d. Harmful because they create fertile soil.
5. A subduction zone can create volcanoes. What type of plate boundary do subduction
zones occur?
a. Divergent boundary c. convergent boundary
b. Transform boundary d. subduction boundary
6. This type of volcano has violent eruptions with alternating layers of lava flow and
volcanic particles
a. Shield b. cinder cone c. composite d. supervolcano

7. The area below the crust where magma is stored is called _________

a. magma crater b. magma vent c. magma dome d.

magma chamber.

8. Igneous rocks are classified into types depending on the environment where the
crystallization occurred. Which property illustrates this classification?

a. Intrusive igneous: on Earth’s surface

b. Plutonic igneous: underneath Earth’s surface

c. Volcanic igneous: underneath Earth’s surface

d. Extrusive igneous: underneath Earth’s surface

9. Metamorphic rocks are transformed pre-existing rocks when they are involved in tectonic
processes. What conditions lead to this transformation?

a. lower pressures and lower temperatures

b. lower pressures and higher temperatures

c. higher pressures and lower temperatures

d. higher pressures and higher temperatures

 10. When weathering occurs in mountains, large slabs of rocks detach from them. The rocks
would move down and this movement is called mass wasting. What causes this
downward motion?

a. gravitational force of the Earth

b. strong wind on the surface

c. rotation of the Earth on its axis

d. revolution of the Earth around the sun.

11. The movement of the lithospheric plates is caused by convection currents produced in the
asthenosphere. These current keep the asthenosphere hot and weak. What process fuels up
the heating of this region?

a. biomass burning c. burning of fossil fuels

b. radioactive decay d. geothermal volcanism

12. Which statement describes the plate tectonics theory?

a. Continents move above the ocean floor

b. Ocean waters seep through the continents and breaking them apart.

c. Volcanic eruptions strongly jostle the ground causing the continents to separate.

d. Fragments of lithosphere carry the continents as they move above the ocean floor.

13. This idea shows that the ocean floor splits along the ridge and that is where magma rises to
form the new ocean floor.

a. plate tectonics theory c. continental drift theory

b. seafloor spreading d. continental crust spreading hypothesis

14. Before oceans basins evolved to what and how they are today, a giant water body or
superocean has once formed, What is the name used to pertain to this superocean?

a. Gondwanaland b. Laurasia c. Pangaea d. Panthalassa

15. How did scientists discover that rocks farther away from the mid-ocean ridge were older
than those near it?

a. by measuring how fast sea-floor spreading occurs

b. by mapping rocks on the sea floor using sonar

c. by determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the seafloor

d. by observing eruptions of molten material on the seafloor.

16. In seafloor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts at__________

a. at the north and south poles

b. in deep ocean trenches

c. along the edges of all the continents

d. along mid- ocean ridges

17. Which of the following was not used by Alfred Wegener as evidence of continental drift?

a. magnetic reversals on the seafloor

b. evidence of glacial scratches of continents found near the equator

c. the fit of the continents

d. Fossils that are found at different continents

18. Deformation begins when the stress reaches a point called elastic limit, at the elastic limit
the stress exceeds the strength of the rocks internal bonding and permanent changes occur.
What type of deformation occurs?

a. elastic deformation c. ductile deformation

b. malleable deformation d. strain deformation

19. What type of folds occur when a tectonic plate compressed by movement of other plates
caused the plates to bend upward?

a. anticline b. syncline c. tight fold c. overfold

20. A geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved downward relative to the footwall.

a. reverse fault b. normal fault c. tear fault d. transform fault

21. What evidence proved that South America, Africa, India and Australia were once covered by
glaciers?

a. enormous valleys formed by glaciers

b. left over portions of glaciers

c. glacial deposits and rock surfaces scarred by glaciers

d. cold climates

22. During the Jurassic period of the Mesozoic era Pangaea was divided into Gondwanaland and
Laurasia, furthermore the two supercontinent was divided into different continents. Which of
the following continents are included in Laurasia?

a. South America, Asia and Europe c. Australia, Africa and South America

b. North America, Asia and Europe d. North America, Africa and Australia
For number 23-25 please refer to the figure above

23. What are the similarities between the relative dating and absolute dating?

a. Both methods provide an information about the age of fossils

b. Both methods used the same strategies in determining the age of rocks

c. Both methods are not related at all

d. Both methods are qualitative method of dating

24. Which method do you think is more accurate than the other?

a. relative dating c. both are accurate

b. absolute dating d. neither relative nor absolute dating

25. Which methods used radioactive substances to determine the age of rocks?

a. relative dating c. either relative or absolute dating

b. absolute dating d. . neither relative nor absolute dating

26. Younger layers of rocks are deposited on top of the older layers of rock according to
what principle of relative dating?

a. cross-cutting b. faunal succession c. superposition d. conformity

27. Which era of the geologic time scale is known as the “ Age of Dinosaurs”

a. Paleozoic b. Mesozoic c. Cenozoic d. Pre-cambrian

28. Principle of_______________ states that different fossils species always appear and
disappear in the same order and that once fossil species goes extinct it disappear and
cannot reappear again.

a. cross-cutting b. faunal succession c. superposition d. conformity

29. C11 ,C12 C13 C14 C15 are ___________ of carbon elements, which are elements of the
same atomic number but different number of neutrons.

a. half life b. isomer c. daughter nuclide d. isotopes

30. Sedimentary rock is formed through the process of ____

a. cementation b. stratification c. erosion d. foliation

31. Geologic processes and hydrometeorological phenomena cause hazards that can take
away one’s life and severe damage. What type of damage may occur when it is accompanied
by strong winds and heavy rains?

a. liquefaction c. marine processes

b. hydrometeorological d. earthquake

32. The mixture of pyroclastic materials that have settle along the slope of the volcano and
rainwater which moves at a high speed is known as __________.

a. liquefaction b. flood c. mudflow d. coastal erosion

33. A weather phenomena that are characterized by strong winds, heavy rain, lightning and
thunder that are formed when warm air mass forced to move upward by cold air mass.

a. cyclone b. typhoon c. thunderstorm d. monsoons

34. A severe weather pattern, which are wind system that are circulating around a low
pressure area is called ________.

a. cyclone b. typhoon c. thunderstorm d. tornadoes

35. A regional wind system where wind flows from the land towards the sea creating a low
pressure area over the sea is known as _______.

a. summer monsoon c. cyclone

b. winter monsoon d. land breeze

36. The wearing down away of coastlines by the movement of wind and water is _______.

a. storm surge b. coastal erosion c. liquefaction s. submersion

37. It is cause by the rising sea levels due to the increase in the mean global temperature or
the vertical movement of the plates is known as _______.

a. storm surge b. submersion c. tsunami d. coastal erosion

38. The movement of saltwater to freshwater aquifer id one of the coastal processes that are
known as __________.

a. submersion c. saltwater intrusion

b. saltwater subduction d. saltwater surge

39. The following are the coastal processes that can cause hazards which of these are not
considered as hazards?

a. coastal erosion c. coastal stabilization

b. saltwater intrusion d. submersion

40. Which of the following events can cause submersion?

a. liquefaction b. cyclone c. avalanche d. tsunami

41. What type of damages that may occur when there is a rapid shaking due to the
movements of rocks along fractures on Earth’s surface?

a. volcanic hazards c. earthquake hazards

b. coastal hazards d. weather phenomena hazards

42. The movement of the ground that loosens the soil and allows more water to seep in
between particles is known as _________.

a. liquefaction b. mass wasting c. landslide d. mudflow

43. What is generated when earthquake and volcanic eruption occurs on the seafloor?

a. subduction of plates c. formation of magma on the seafloor

b. formation of tsunami d. trench is formed.

44. It occurs when there is too much shaking on the ground and the soil on the slopes
becomes loose and slides downward is called_______.

a. liquefaction b. mass wasting c. landslide d. mudflow

45. There are ways on how to prevent saltwater intrusion, which of the following are not
considered as ways on how to prevent the intrusion of saltwater?

a. people nearby the coastline will stop using wells.

b. building two wells farther inland and near the coastline

c. proper drainage system

d. uncontrolled withdrawal of groundwater.

PART II. Fill in the blanks of word/s to complete the statements.

46. ____________phenomenon of eruption of magma onto the surface of the Earth

47.____________process that takes place at or near the Earth’s surface that makes the surface wear
away.

48. ___________ the process where the outer layers of the rock peel off.

49.____________ the process that remove soil, rock or dissolve material from one location to
another.

50.____________ process of taking up oxygen from the air causing the rocks to rust.