Supports Of Overhead

Line

Submitted by:-
Shreyansha Tai Sonwane
 Index
1) Introduction
2) Line Poles
3) Tower
4) Cross Arms
5) Stay Set
6) Insulators
7) Conductors
 Introduction

What is an Overhead Line ?

An overhead power line is a
structure used
in electric power transmission
and distribution
to transmit electrical energy
along large
 Poles
Poles are classified on the basis of material used in
making poles
 Wooden poles
 Concrete poles
a) Reinforced cement concrete poles (RCC)
b) Prestressed cement concrete poles (PCC)
 Steel poles
a) Tubular poles
b) Rail poles
c) RS joist poles
d) H beam poles
Wooden Pole

RCC Pole
 Steel Poles

Cross Section of Rail Pole

Rail pole

Tubular Pole
 Cross section of RS joist
RS Joist

Cross section of H beam

H Beam
 Towers
Based on numbers of circuits
carried by a transmission
tower, it can be classified as

 Single circuit tower

 Double circuit tower
 Multi circuit tower.

Single circuit tower

Double circuit tower Multi circuit tower
 According to the angle of deviation there are four types
of transmission tower
 A – type tower – angle of deviation 0o to 2o
 B – type tower – angle of deviation 2o to 15o
 C – type tower – angle of deviation 15o to 30o
 D – type tower – angle of deviation 30o to 60o

 As per the force applied by the conductor on the cross

arms, the transmission towers can be categorized in
another way
 Tangent suspension tower and it is generally A - type
tower
 Angle tower or tension tower or sometime it is called
section tower
All B, C and D types of transmission towers come under this
category.
Angle Tower Tangent Tower
 Cross Arms
The purpose of cross arms is
• to provide required space between the conductors
• to provide base for mounting insulators

V shaped cross arm Straight cross arm

 Stay Set
The purpose to use stay set in distribution line is
 To balance the forces of line in different direction.

The main components of stay set are

• Anchor rod
• CI anchor plate
• Stay bow
• Thimbles
• Stay wire
• Stay clamp
• Turn buckle
Stay wire

Stay insulator

Thimble
 Insulators
1) Insulators are mounted on the cross
arms.
2) The purpose of using insulator is to
 Provide insulation between live part
& earth part.
 Provide support to the conductor.
Properties of overhead line insulator

 High mechanical strength

 High relative permittivity
 High insulation resistance
 Ability to withstand large temperature
variation
 Types of insulators

Shackle insulator
Pin type insulator
Suspension type insulator Strain type insulator
 Conductors
The purpose of using Conductor is to
 Transmit the electricity from generation plants to
our houses
Properties of a good conductor
(i) High electrical conductivity.
(ii) High tensile strength in order to withstand
mechanical stresses.
(iii) Low cost so that it can be used for long
distances.
(iv) Low specific gravity so that weight per unit
volume is small.
Aluminium conductor steel reinforced
(ACSR)

•It consists of a pore of galvanized steel strand surrounded by a

no. of aluminium strands.
•The steel pole takes a greater percentage of mechanical stress
while the aluminium carries the bulk current.
•ACSR conductor being of high tensile strength & lighter in
weight produces small sag & therefore can be used for longer
spans.

Cross section of 3 layered ACSR

•Steel strands
•Aluminium strands
All Aluminum Alloy Conductors
(AAAC)
• In AAAC conductors central strands are made
out of high strength Aluminum-Magnesium-
Silicon alloy.
• These conductors are designed to get better
strength to weight ratio and offers improved
electrical characteristics,
• It has excellent sag-tension characteristics and
superior corrosion resistance when compared
with ACSR.