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8. Hardness
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-1 on
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic 8.1 Deep-Drawing Temper—For deep drawing, the hard-
Materials. ness shall not exceed 82 HRB for material 0.100 in. (2.54 mm)
Current edition approved May 10, 1998. Published November 1998. Originally and less in thickness and 85 HRB for material over 0.100 in. in
published as F 15 – 61 T. Last previous edition F 15 – 95.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. thickness when determined in accordance with Test Methods
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. E 18.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
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F 15
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements 10.1.3 Centerless grinding (rod),
Element Composition, % 10.1.4 Belt polishing,
Iron, nominal 53 A 10.1.5 Cold rolling, and
Nickel, nominal 29 A 10.1.6 Wire drawing.
Cobalt, nominal 17 A
Manganese, max 0.50
Silicon, max 0.20
11. Thermal Expansion Characteristics
Carbon, max 0.04 11.1 The average linear coefficients of thermal expansion
Aluminum, max 0.10 B
Magnesium, max 0.10 B
shall be within the limits specified in Table 4.
Zirconium, max 0.10 B
Titanium, max 0.10 B 12. Test for Thermal Expansion
Copper, max 0.20
Chromium, max 0.20
12.1 Heat the specimen in a hydrogen atmosphere for 1 h at
Molybdenum, max 0.20 900°C, followed by 15 min at 1100°C. Between the 900 and
A
The iron, nickel, and cobalt requirements listed are nominal. They shall be 1100°C heat-treatment periods, the specimen may be cooled to
adjusted by the manufacturer so that the alloy meets the requirements for room temperature if desired. Cool the specimen from 1100 to
coefficient of thermal expansion given in Table 4.
B
The total of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and titanium shall not exceed
200°C in the hydrogen atmosphere at a rate not to exceed
0.20 %. 5°C/min.
12.2 Determine the thermal expansion characteristics in
TABLE 2 Tensile Strength Requirements for Sheet and Strip accordance with Test Method E 228.
Temper NOTE 2—For critical glass sealing applications, it is recommended that
Temper Name Tensile Strength, ksi(MPa)
Designation the user conduct functional testing in accordance with Practices F 14,
A annealed 82 max (570 max) F 140 or F 144. Such tests circumvent possible problems with thermal
B 1⁄4 hard 75 to 90 (520 to 630) expansion measurements and glass setting point estimates.
C half hard 85 to 100 (590 to 700)
D 3⁄4 hard 95 to 110 (660 to 770)
13. Transformation
E hard 100 min (700 min)
13.1 The temperature of the gamma-to-alpha transformation
shall be below −78.5°C when the material is tested in accor-
TABLE 3 Tensile Strength Requirements for Wire and Rod
dance with Section 14. However, for material whose smallest
Temper
Designation
Tensile Strength, ksi (MPa) dimension is over 7⁄8 in. (22.2 mm), some localized transfor-
mation, acceptable to the purchaser, may be tolerated.
A 85 (585) max
B 85 to 105 (585 to 725)
C 95 to 115 (655 to 795) 14. Test for Transformation
D 105 to 125 (725 to 860) 14.1 Cut the specimen from any part of the material, but
E 125 (860) min
preferably including the entire cross section, degrease it, then
heat treat it as described in 12.1. When cool, polish the cross
8.2 Rolled and Annealed Tempers—Hardness tests when section of the specimen and etch (Note 3) it in accordance with
properly applied can be indicative of tensile strength. Hardness Method E 3. Then subject the specimen to the temperature
scales and ranges for these tempers, if desirable, shall be produced by an excess of dry ice in acetone (−78.5°C) for at
negotiated between supplier and purchaser. least 4 h. After the low-temperature treatment, examine the
specimen at a mangification of 1503 for the presence of the
9. Tensile Strength acicular crystals characteristic of the alpha phase. Because
9.1 Sheet and Strip: these crystals may occur only in small localized areas, examine
9.1.1 Tensile strength shall be the basis for acceptance or carefully the entire polished cross section.
rejection for the tempers given in Table 2 and shall conform 14.2 Specimens that show no transformation and that show
with the requirements prescribed. partial transformation are illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,
9.1.2 Tension test specimens shall be taken so the longitu- respectively.
dinal axis is parallel to the direction of rolling and the test shall
NOTE 3—A suggested etchant is a solution of three parts by volume of
be performed in accordance with Test Methods E 8. concentrated hydrochloric acid and one part of concentrated nitric acid
9.2 Wire and Rod: saturated with cupric chloride (CuCl2·2H2O). This etchant is more
9.2.1 Tensile strength shall be the basis for acceptance or effective when allowed to stand for 20 min after mixing. After several
rejection for the tempers given in Table 3 and shall conform to hours it loses its strength and should be discarded at the end of the day.
the requirements prescribed.
9.2.2 The test shall be performed in accordance with Test TABLE 4 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion
Method E 8. Average Linear Coefficient
Temperature Range, °C of Thermal Expansion, A
10. Surface Finish µm/m·°C
10.1 The standard surface finishes available shall be those 30 to 400 4.60 to 5.20
resulting from the following operations: 30 to 450 5.10 to 5.50
10.1.1 Hot rolling, A
Typical thermal expansion data for the alloy covered by these specifications
10.1.2 Forging, are provided in Appendix X1.
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F 15
1503
1503
Etching is best accomplished by swabbing the specimen with cotton 15. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
soaked with the etchant. Etching is usually complete when the surface of
the metal appears to have turned dull.
15.1 Cold-Rolled Strip—Cold-rolled strip shall conform to
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F 15
the permissible variations in dimensions prescribed in Table 5, purchaser and the seller.
Table 6, and Table 7. 17.2 The material as furnished under this specification shall
15.2 Round Wire and Rod—Wire and rod shall conform to be identified by the name or symbol of the manufacturer and by
the permissible variations in dimensions prescribed in Table 8. melt number. The lot size for determining compliance with the
15.3 Cold-Drawn Tubing—Cold-drawn tubing, available requirements of this specification shall be one heat.
either as seamless or welded, shall conform to the permissible
variations prescribed in Table 9. 18. Investigation of Claims
18.1 Where any material fails to meet the requirements of
16. General Requirements this specification, the material so designated shall be handled in
16.1 The material shall be commercially smooth, uniform in accordance with a mutual agreement between the purchaser
cross section, in composition, and in temper; it shall be free of and the seller.
scale, corrosion, cracks, seams, scratches, slivers, and other
defects as best commercial practice will permit. 19. Keywords
19.1 controlled expansion alloy; glass to metal sealing;
17. Packaging and Marking iron-nickel-cobalt alloy; UNS #K94610; vacuum electronic
17.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between the applications
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F 15
TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Thickness Across Width of Strip
Maximum Variation in Thickness Across Width of Strip, Within Those Provided for in
Specified Thickness
Table 4 for Edge Measurements for Widths and Thicknesses Given, in. (mm)
Over 12 to 24 (300 to
5 (127) and Under Over 5 to 12 (127 to 300)
in. mm 600), incl
in. mm in. mm in. mm
0.005 to 0.010, incl 0.17 to 0.03, incl 0.00075 0.0191 0.001 0.025 0.0015 0.038
Over 0.010 to 0.025, incl 0.03 to 0.06, incl 0.001 0.025 0.0015 0.038 0.002 0.051
Over 0.025 to 0.065, incl 0.06 to 0.16, incl 0.0015 0.038 0.002 0.051 0.0025 0.064
Over 0.065 to 3⁄16 , excl 0.16 to 0.48, excl 0.002 0.051 0.0025 0.064 0.003 0.076
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F 15
TABLE 9 Permissible Variations in Dimensions of Standard Tubing
Permissible Variations A
Specified Outside Diameter, in. (mm)
Outside Diameter, in. (mm) Inside Diameter, in. (mm) Wall Thickness, 6 %
Under 0.093 (2.36) + 0.002 (0.05) + 0.000 10
− 0.000 −0.002 (0.05)
0.093 to 0.187 (2.36 to 4.76), excl + 0.003 (0.08) + 0.000 10
− 0.000 −0.003 (0.08)
0.187 to 0.500 (4.76 to 12.70), excl + 0.004 (0.10) + 0.000 10
− 0.000 − 0.004 (0.10)
0.500 to 1.500 (12.70 to 38.10), excl + 0.005 (0.13) + 0.000 10
− 0.000 −0.005 (0.13)
A
Any two of the three dimensional tolerances listed may be specified.
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.
X1.1 Coeffıcient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) at Elevated TABLE X1.2 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion to Both Elevated
Temperatures— For various applications, the high-temperature and Cryogenic Temperatures (On-Cooling Data)
CTE is required for the alloy defined by this specification. The Average Linear Coefficient of
Temperature Range, °C
Thermal Expansion µm/m –°C
data provided in Table X1.1 are for material produced in the
early 1970s. 30 to–268 4.9
30 to–196 6.1
30 to–163 6.4
X1.2 On-Cooling Data from 1000°C to –268°C, Using 30 to–100 6.5
30°C as Reference Temperature —The CTE data in Table X1.2 30 to–78 6.5
100 to 30 6.3
is provided by a producer of the F-15 alloy. 200 to 30 5.7
300 to 30 5.2
X1.3 Statistical Information on CTE Requirements as Sup- 400 to 30 5.0
plied by Materials Producers—Two producers of the alloy 450 to 30 5.3
500 to 30 6.1
defined by this specification have provided statistical informa- 600 to 30 7.8
tion regarding the CTE requirements defined in Table X1.3. 700 to 30 8.9
Producer A provided both average CTE and associated stan- 800 to 30 10.1
900 to 30 11.3
dard deviation for an unspecified number of heats, which it had 1000 to 30 12.2
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F 15
(30–400°C and 30–450°C) required in Table X1.3. This infor- information is shown in Table X1.3 and Table X1.5.
mation covers heats that has beenproduced and determined to
conform to this specification in the past several years. That
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