CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the study

A deodorant is a substance applied to the body to prevent or mask (hide) body
odor due to bacterial breakdown of perspiration in the armpits, groin, and feet, and
in some cases vaginal secretions. A subclass of deodorants, called antiperspirants,
prevents sweating itself, typically by blocking sweat glands. Antiperspirants are
used on a wider range of body parts, at any place where sweat would be
inconvenient or unsafe, since unwanted sweating can interfere with comfort, vision,
and grip (due to slipping). Other types of deodorant allow sweating but prevent
bacterial action on sweat, since human sweat only has a noticeable smell when it is
decomposed by bacteria.
In the United States, deodorants are classified and regulated as cosmetics by
the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are designed to eliminate odor.
Deodorants are often alcohol based. Alcohol initially stimulates sweating but may
also temporarily kill bacteria. Other active ingredients in deodorants include sodium
stearate, sodium chloride, and stearyl alcohol. Deodorants can be formulated with
other, more persistent antimicrobials such as triclosan that slow bacterial growth or
with metal chelant compounds such as EDTA. Deodorants may contain perfume
fragrances or natural essential oils intended to mask the odor of perspiration. In the
past, deodorants included chemicals such as zinc oxide, acids, ammonium chloride,
sodium bicarbonate, and formaldehyde, but some of these ingredients were messy,
irritating to the skin, or even carcinogenic.
Over-the-counter products, often labeled as "natural deodorant crystal",
contain the chemical rock crystals potassium alum or ammonium alum, which
prevents bacterial action on sweat. These have gained popularity as an alternative
health product, in spite of concerns about possible risks related to aluminum (see
below - all alum salts contain aluminum in the form of aluminum sulphate salts) and
contact dermatitis.
Vaginal deodorant, in the form of sprays, suppositories, and wipes, is often
used by women to mask vaginal secretions. Vaginal deodorants can sometimes
cause dermatitis
After using a deodorant containing zirconium, the skin may develop an
allergic, axillary granuloma response. Antiperspirants with propylene glycol, when
applied to the axillae, can cause irritation and may promote sensitization to other
ingredients in the antiperspirant. Deodorant crystals containing synthetically made
potassium alum were found to be a weak irritant to the skin. Unscented deodorant is
available for those with sensitive skin.[citation needed] Frequent use of deodorants
was associated with blood concentrations of the synthetic musk galaxolide.
Thus, the student researcher from Taman Rama Jimbaran School conducts a
study on deodorant stick with Aloe Vera.
B. Statement of the Problem

Antiperspirants and deodorants work in different ways to reduce body odor.

Antiperspirants work by reducing sweat. Deodorants work by increasing the skin’s
acidity. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Trusted Source considers
deodorants to be cosmetic: a product intended to cleanse or beautify. It considers
antiperspirants to be a drug: a product intended to treat or prevent disease, or affect
the structure or function of the body. Deodorants are formulated to eliminate armpit
odor but not perspiration. They’re typically alcohol-based. When applied, they turn
your skin acidic, which makes it less attractive to bacteria. Deodorants also
commonly contain perfume to mask odor. The active ingredients in antiperspirants
usually include aluminum-based compounds that temporarily block sweat pores.
Blocking sweat pores reduces the amount of perspiration that reaches your skin. If
over-the-counter (OTC) antiperspirants are unable to control your sweating,
prescription antiperspirants are available.

C. Significance of the Study

This research study aimed to determine if deodorant with aloe vera is a good
deodorant that prevents irritation and it is an odorless deodorant that suits to any type
of skin. When you have body odor that is difficult to remove you can use this
deodorant stick because it is enriched with aloe vera which removes odors while
moisturizing and smoothing underarm skin. With the help of tea tree oil and coconut
oil, it will nourish and brighten your skin.

D. Scope and Delimitation of the Study

Scope : We include aloe vera, baking soda, corn starch, coconut oil, and tea tree oil.
Delimination : We didn’t include any other oil.

E. Definition of Terms
Deodorant stick is is a substance applied to the body to prevent or mask (hide) body
odor due to bacterial breakdown of perspiration in the armpits, groin, and feet, and in
some cases vaginal secretions.
Antiperspirant is a substance that people apply to the body which contains an active
ingredient that reduces sweat production.
 CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Related Studies
Deodorant products prevent the growth and activity of the degrading
apocrine gland bacteria living in the armpit. Common antibacterial agents in
the market like triclosan and aluminum salts, in spite of their suitable
antibacterial effects, increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease, breast and
prostate cancers or induce contact dermatitis. Therefore, plant extracts
possessing antibacterial effects are of interest. The aim of the present study
was to verify the in vitro antimicrobial effects of different sage extracts against
two major bacteria responsible for axillary odor, and to evaluate the deodorant
effect of a silicon-based stick containing sage extracts in different densities in
humans.
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
This study is an experimental of research wherein the effectiveness of our
improvised deodorant bar/stick is being used. The treatments in our study include
aloe vera, tea tree oil, baking soda and corn starch.

B. Research Locale
We got the aloe vera from Nature Republic store, we bought the baking soda
from the super market. We got the oils from the La Flor Spa.

1. Collection of the materials needed

Baking soda
Corn starch
Tea tree oil
Coconut oil
Aloe vera
Essential oils
Sweet almond oil

2. General Procedure
1. Preparation

2. Process of making deodorant stick

3. Add remaining ingredients

4. Pour the mixture

5. Done

Explanations
1. The preparation requires the things you need to make the deodorant stick. The
things you need are aloe vera, some oils, baking soda and a fragrance. First,
you need to set up a double boiler and start heating the water. A double boiler
is simply a large saucepan filled with 1-2 inches of water. Turn the stove on
medium-high heat to start warming the water. You then put a second empty
pot, bowl, or mason jar in the hot water, which heats the contents of the bowl
up much more gently than direct heat would.
2. In the process of making deodorant stick, you need to combine the coconut oil
and the beeswax. You can also use a normal pot or pan, or a glass bowl --
 anything that fits in the double boiler and won't crack with heat. Stir
constantly until all the ingredients are mixed smoothly.
3. Add the oils and powders, and stir after removing from heat. Once the mixture
is smooth and easily stirred, add in the arrowroot, baking soda, essential oil,
vitamin E oil, and probiotics. Mix quickly before the mixture hardens. Gently
stir by hand until all ingredients are incorporated.
Essential oils come in many forms and strengths. Start with 3-4 drops, adding
more if it doesn't smell strongly enough for your tastes.
4. Pour the warm mixture into molds, like an old deodorant tube or muffin tin, to
cool your bars. Let the mixture harden in a container for about 15-20 minutes
at room temperature to harden and when it is about the consistency of peanut
butter, use a spoon to scoop into the deodorant tube and pack down to fill.
Then, leave the cap off overnight to completely harden before using.
5. Done, your deodorant stick is ready to use.
 CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Problem 1 : Which of the following treatments such as using 50% and 100% sweat that
contains acid

Table 1 :

Average of odor (bacteria) presence

Treatments The mean of

ABP
Replicate 1 Replicate 2 Replicate 3
T1 [ control] 0 0 0 0
T2 [50% 1 1 1 1
sweat]
T3 [100% 1 2 1 1,3
sweat]

Based on table 1, the treatment 3 has a high mean of 1,3 followed by treatment 2 with
the mean of 1, and last treatment 1 with the mean of 0.