Solution

Polymerization
I. Introduction
Monomer and
initiator must be
soluble in the
liquid and the
solvent must have
the desired chain
transfer
characteristics,
boiling point
(above the
temperature
necessary to
carry out the
polymerization and
low enough to
allow for ready
removal if the
polymer is
recovered by
solvent
evaporation). The
presence of the
solvent assists in
heat removal and
control (as it also
does for
suspension and
emulsion
polymerization
systems). Polymer
yield per reaction
volume is lower
than
for bulk reactions.
Also, solvent
recovery and
removal (from the
polymer) is
necessary. Many
free
radical and ionic
polymerizations
are carried out
utilizing solution
polymerization
including water-
soluble polymers
prepared in
aqueous solution
[namely poly
(acrylic acid),
polyacrylamide,
and poly
(N-vinyl
pyrrolidinone)].
Polystyrene, poly
(methyl
methacrylate),
poly (vinyl
chloride), and
polybutadiene are
prepared from
organic solution
polymerizations,
[1].
 Solution
Polymerization
I. Introduction
Monomer and
initiator must be
soluble in the
liquid and the
solvent must have
the desired chain
transfer
characteristics,
boiling point
(above the
temperature
necessary to
carry out the
polymerization and
low enough to
allow for ready
removal if the
polymer is
recovered by
solvent
evaporation). The
presence of the
solvent assists in
heat removal and
control (as it also
does for
suspension and
emulsion
polymerization
systems). Polymer
yield per reaction
volume is lower
than
for bulk reactions.
Also, solvent
recovery and
removal (from the
polymer) is
necessary. Many
free
radical and ionic
polymerizations
are carried out
utilizing solution
polymerization
including water-
soluble polymers
prepared in
aqueous solution
[namely poly
(acrylic acid),
polyacrylamide,
and poly
(N-vinyl
pyrrolidinone)].
Polystyrene, poly
(methyl
methacrylate),
poly (vinyl
chloride), and
polybutadiene are
prepared from
organic solution
polymerizations,
[1].
 Solution
Polymerization
I. Introduction
Monomer and
initiator must be
soluble in the
liquid and the
solvent must have
the desired chain
transfer
characteristics,
boiling point
(above the
temperature
necessary to
carry out the
polymerization and
low enough to
allow for ready
removal if the
polymer is
recovered by
solvent
evaporation). The
presence of the
solvent assists in
heat removal and
control (as it also
does for
suspension and
emulsion
polymerization
systems). Polymer
yield per reaction
volume is lower
than
for bulk reactions.
Also, solvent
recovery and
removal (from the
polymer) is
necessary. Many
free
radical and ionic
polymerizations
are carried out
utilizing solution
polymerization
including water-
soluble polymers
prepared in
aqueous solution
[namely poly
(acrylic acid),
polyacrylamide,
and poly
(N-vinyl
pyrrolidinone)].
Polystyrene, poly
(methyl
methacrylate),
poly (vinyl
chloride), and
polybutadiene are
prepared from
organic solution
polymerizations,
[1].
 Solution
Polymerization
I. Introduction
Monomer and
initiator must be
soluble in the
liquid and the
solvent must have
the desired chain
transfer
characteristics,
boiling point
(above the
temperature
necessary to
carry out the
polymerization and
low enough to
allow for ready
removal if the
polymer is
recovered by
solvent
evaporation). The
presence of the
solvent assists in
heat removal and
control (as it also
does for
suspension and
emulsion
polymerization
systems). Polymer
yield per reaction
volume is lower
than
for bulk reactions.
Also, solvent
recovery and
removal (from the
polymer) is
necessary. Many
free
radical and ionic
polymerizations
are carried out
utilizing solution
polymerization
including water-
soluble polymers
prepared in
aqueous solution
[namely poly
(acrylic acid),
polyacrylamide,
and poly
(N-vinyl
pyrrolidinone)].
Polystyrene, poly
(methyl
methacrylate),
poly (vinyl
chloride), and
polybutadiene are
prepared from
organic solution
polymerizations,
[1].
Monomer and
initiator must be
soluble in the
liquid and the
solvent must have
the desired chain
transfer
characteristics,
boiling point
(above the
temperature
necessary to
carry out the
polymerization and
low enough to
allow for ready
removal if the
polymer is
recovered by
solvent
evaporation). The
presence of the
solvent assists in
heat removal and
control (as it also
does for
suspension and
emulsion
polymerization
systems). Polymer
yield per reaction
volume is lower
than
for bulk reactions.
Also, solvent
recovery and
removal (from the
polymer) is
necessary. Many
free
radical and ionic
polymerizations
are carried out
utilizing solution
polymerization
including water-
soluble polymers
prepared in
aqueous solution
[namely poly
(acrylic acid),
polyacrylamide,
and poly
(N-vinyl
pyrrolidinone)].
Polystyrene, poly
(methyl
methacrylate),
poly (vinyl
chloride), and
polybutadiene are
prepared from
organic solution
polymerizations,
[1].
Technical College of Engineering
Department of Petrochemical
COURSE: refinery

Name of Experiment: Solution Polymerization:

.

Submitted by: Bayar Shawkat

Experiment No: 2
Date of experiment: 22/9/2019

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EVALUATION

Activity During Experiment & Procedure

Data & Results

Discussion, Conclusion & Answer to the Questions

Neat and tidy report writing

 Overall Mark

Introduction
Monomer and initiator must be soluble in the liquid and the solvent must
have the desired chain transfer characteristics, boiling point (above the
temperature necessary to carry out the polymerization and low
enough to allow for ready removal if the polymer is recovered by
solvent evaporation). The presence of the solvent assists in heat
removal and control (as it also does for suspension and emulsion
polymerization systems).also solvent recovery and removal (from the
polymer) is necessary. Many free radical and ionic polymerizations are
carried out utilizing solution polymerization including water-soluble
polymers prepared in aqueous solution
Advantages:
• Solvent acts as a diluent and aids in removal of heat of polymerization.
• Solvent reduces viscosity, making processing easier.
• Thermal control is easier than in the bulk.

Disadvantages:
• Chain transfer to solvent occurs, leading to low molecular weights.
• Difficult to remove solvent from final form, causing degradation of
bulk properties.
• Environmental pollution due to solvent release.

Discussion
First we add (5ml) of methyl methacrylate as monomer and (5 ml) of
benzene are placed in round bottom flask with (6.67 mg) of benzoyl
peroxide as an initiator then Place this mixture in water bath to heated
with magnetic stirrer inside the R.B.F after that connect the R.B.F with
condenser and heat it between (80 c-90 c) for (30 min) and take time
when a temperature reach to (80 c) then put it on the table for (5 min) at
room temperature, after that add (4 ml) of ethanol gradually with
shaking until the polymer is precipitated then transfer it to watch glass to
dry to be weighted.