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When using phosphate boiler water treatment, the concentration of phosphate should
not exceed the equilibrium concentration. This is the maximum concentration of
PO4 in the boiler water that the boiler can tolerate under the highest heat flux
conditions (full load). This concentration can be experimentally determined by
increasing the phosphate feed to the point where there is no further increase in the
PO4 concentration in the boiler water. This is the equilibrium concentration and the
normal boiler water phosphate maximum limit should be approximately one-half of
this concentration.
The equilibrium phosphate concentration should be determined once per year because
it changes with the boiler cleanliness. In addition, a phosphate balance should be
performed once per year using several weeks of chemistry data to determine the
amount of hideout that is occurring. The total amount of phosphate fed into the boiler
and the amount being removed through blowdown, plus sampling, should be
approximately equal. If the feed is greater than the removal, hideout is occurring.