Math 125 Midterm 1 Solutions Burdzy, Winter 2010

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Question Points Score

1 5

2 10

3 10

4 10

5 15

6 10

Total 60
Math 125 Midterm 1 Solutions Page 1 of 6
√
1. (5 points) Estimate the area under the graph of the function f (x) = x + 1 between x = 0 and x = 2. Use a
Riemann sum with 4 subintervals. Use right endpoints. Give your answer as a decimal number with 3 significant
digits.

Solution:
We have ∆x = (2 − 0)/4 = 1/2. The formula for Rn with n = 4 is
√ √ √ √
R4 = (1/2)( 1/2 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 3/2 + 1 + 2 + 1) ≈ 2.98 .
Math 125 Midterm 1 Solutions Page 2 of 6

2. (10 points) Find the net area between the graph of the function f (x) = (−3x2 + 2x) exp(−x3 + x2 ) and the
horizontal axis, between x = 0 and x = 2. Give the the answer in exact form.

Solution:
The net area is given as the integral
∫ 2 ∫ 2
f (x)dx = (−3x2 + 2x) exp(−x3 + x2 )dx
0 0

We use the substitution rule to evaluate this integral.

u = −x3 + x2 , du = (−3x2 + 2x)dx

We have to change the limits of integration. When x = 0 then u = 0. When x = 2 then u = −8 + 4 = −4.
∫ 2 ∫ −4 u=−4

(−3x2 + 2x) exp(−x3 + x2 )dx = exp(u)du = eu  = e−4 − e0 = e−4 − 1 = −1 + 1/e4 .
0 0 u=0
Math 125 Midterm 1 Solutions Page 3 of 6

3. Compute the following integrals.

∫ 9π 2 /4
1 √
(a) (5 points) √ sin( x)dx
π2 x

Solution:
√ √
We use the substitution rule with u = x, du = 1
√
2 x
dx, dx/ x = 2du. When x = π 2 then u = π . When
x = 9π 2 /4 then u = 3π /2.
∫ 9π 2 /4 ∫ 3π /2 u=3π /2
1 √ 
√ sin( x)dx = sin(u)2du = 2(− cos u) = 2(− cos(3π /2) + cos π ) = −2
π2 x π u=π

∫
1
(b) (5 points) ( ) dx
(1 + x2 ) (arctan x)2 + 2 arctan x + 1

Solution:
1
We use the substitution rule with u = arctan x, du = 1+x2
dx.
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫
1 1 1
( ) dx = 2
du = du = (u + 1)−2 du
(1 + x ) (arctan x)2 + 2 arctan x + 1
2 u + 2u + 1 (u + 1)2

We use the substitution rule again with v = u + 1, dv = du.

∫ ∫
(u + 1)−2 du = v−2 dv = v−1 +C = (u + 1)−1 +C = (1 + arctan x)−1 +C
Math 125 Midterm 1 Solutions Page 4 of 6

4. Find the derivative f ′ (x) for each of the following functions.

∫ x ( √ )
tan s −5
(a) (2 points) f (x) = √ +s ds
1/3 s

Solution:
√
tan x
f (x) = √ + x−5
′
x

∫ x3 ( √ )
tan s −5
(b) (3 points) f (x) = √ +s ds
1/3 s

Solution:
( √ )
′ tan x3 −15
f (x) = √ +x · 3x2
x 3

∫ x3 ( √ )
tan s
(c) (5 points) f (x) = √ + s−5 ds
cos x s

Solution:
∫ x3 ( √ ) ∫ √ x3
( ) ∫ 1/3 ( √ )
tan s tan s tan s
f (x) = √ + s−5 ds = √ + s−5 ds + √ + s−5 ds
cos x s 1/3 s cos x s
∫ x3 ( √ ) ∫ cos x ( √ )
tan s tan s
= √ + s−5 ds − √ + s−5 ds
1/3 s 1/3 s
( √ ) ( √ )
′ tan x3 −15 tan cos x
f (x) = √ +x · 3x2 − √ + (cos x)−5 · (− sin x)
x3 cos x
Math 125 Midterm 1 Solutions Page 5 of 6

5. (15 points) A ball was thrown up from a balcony located 10 meters above the ground. The ball hit the ground
after 3 seconds. Find the highest altitude of the ball above the ground. Assume that the gravitational acceleration
is −9.8m/sec2 . Give your answer as a decimal number with 3 significant digits.

Solution:
Let s(t) be the altitude of the ball, v(t) its velocity, and a(t) its acceleration. We know that a(t) = −9.8 so
∫ ∫
v(t) = a(t)dt = (−9.8)dt = −9.8t +C1
∫ ∫
s(t) = v(t)dt = (−9.8t +C1 )dt = −4.9t 2 +C1t +C2

We know that s(0) = 10 and s(3) = 0.

s(0) = −4.9 · 02 +C1 · 0 +C2 = 10

C2 = 10
s(3) = −4.9 · 32 +C1 · 3 + 10 = 0
C1 ≈ 11.37
The ball reaches maximum altitude when v(t) = 0

v(t) = −9.8t + 11.37 = 0

t ≈ 1.16
The maximum altitude is s(1.16), that is

s(1.16) ≈ −4.9(1.16)2 + 11.37 · 1.16 + 10 ≈ 16.6

Math 125 Midterm 1 Solutions Page 6 of 6

6. (10 points) A scientist estimates that the global temperature grows at the rate of 0.01 + 0.0001t 2 (degrees Cel-
sius per year), where t = 0 represents January 1, 2000. What is the prediction of this scientist for the global
temperature rise between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2025? Give your answer as a decimal number with at
least 3 significant digits.

Solution:
First, we express the dates using the convention that t = 0 is January 1, 2000. Then January 1, 2010 is
t1 = 10 and January 1, 2025 is t2 = 25. The temperature rise will be
∫ t2 ∫ 25 t=25

(0.01 + 0.0001t 2 )dt = (0.01 + 0.0001t 2 )dt = (0.01t + 0.0001 · (t 3 /3))
t1 10 t=10

≈ 0.6375 (degrees Celsius)