Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460

ELR: Part of structure North Abutment Wall (Existing conditions) Sheet no 1/9
Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02
DCL
Reviewer Date

Existing
Ground conditions:

g' kN/m3 fpeak' ffactored' Ka Kp Strata

Sandy Clay 19 25 0.35 3.5 6.25
-

25 -

Ground water
Hwa = 1.20 m Height of water above the base of the wall:
Hwp = 0.70 m
Canal water Hw= 0.00 m

Wall material
Masonry
Unit weight: 22 kN/m3

Wall Geometry

Total height of retaining wall: H= 5.60 m

Embedment depth: d= 2.70 m
Retained height: h= 2.90 m
Width of footing: B= 2.00 m
Abutment width: B= m
Abutment length: L= 1 m
Plan area of footing: A= 2 m2

Loading conditions:

Vertical loading

Load (kN) d(m) d: Distance from the position of the load

Self Weight of wall: W= 188.9 0.79 to the edge of the footing

Dead load on wall: Qg = 51.65 0.64

Live load on wall: Qi = 215.93 0.64

Horizontal loading

Skew: 42 degrees
Horizontal load applied at the bearings: 54.55 kN
Friction coefficient (m): 0.3

Surcharge loading

Depth of fill above soffit level = 1.00 m

Surcharge = 10 kPa Behind the abutment wall
Surcharge = 0 kPa at depth z= 0 m

460158026.xls Existing Revised

 Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure North Abutment Wall (Existing conditions) Sheet no 2/9
Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02
DCL
Reviewer 0 Date

Design calculations

Check for sliding

Stabilising forces

Friction at the base = 103.3 kN Self Weight + Dead Load

Friction at the base = 204.0 kN Self Weight + Dead Load + Live Load

Earth passive thrust = 236.1 kN

Water Thrust (Canal)= 0.00 kN
Friction provided by bearing = 11.5 kN Dead Load
Friction provided by bearing = 59.7 kN Dead Load + Live Load

Destabilising forces

Earth active Thrust = 158.6 kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Water pressure in soil = 7.2 kN

Braking load on the bridge = 40.5 kN

Check for overturning

Stabilising moments

Earth passive moment = 216.9 m kN

Moment provided by bearing = 64.5 m kN Dead Load

Moment provided by bearing = 334.1 m kN Dead Load + Live Load
Moment due to water in canal= 0.00 m kN
Moment provided by self weigh 129.8 m kN
Moment provided by dead load 32.8 m kN Dead Load
Moment provided by live load = 137.3 m kN Live Load

Destabilising moments

Earth active moment = 352.9 m kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Moment from water pressure = 2.88 m kN

Moment caused by braking loa 227.0 m kN

460158026.xls Existing Revised

 Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure North Abutment Wall (Proposed conditions) Sheet no 3/9
Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02
DCL
Reviewer 0 Date

Proposed bridge

Ground conditions:

g' kN/m3 fpeak' ffactored' Ka Kp Strata

Sandy Clay 19 25 0.35 3.5 6.25
-

25 -

Ground water
Hwa = 1.20 m Height of water above the base of the wall:
Hwp = 0.70 m
Canal Hw= 0.00 m
Wall material

Masonry
Unit weight: 22 kN/m3

Wall Geometry

Original height of retaining wall: H= 4.92 m

Embedment depth: d= 2.71 m
Retained height: h= 2.21 m
Width of footing: B= 2.00 m
Abutment width: B= Varies m
Abutment length: L= 1 m
Plan area of footing: A= 2 m2

Loading conditions:

Vertical loading

Load (kN) d(m) d: Distance from the position of the load

Self Weight of wall: W= 183.1 0.843 to the front of the abutment

Dead load on wall: Qg = 138.25 0.795

Live load on wall: Qi = 215.93 0.795

Horizontal loading

Skew: 42 degrees
Horizontal load applied at the bearings: 54.55 kN
Friction coefficient (m): 0.3

Surcharge loading

Depth of fill above soffit level = 1.75 m

Surcharge = 10 kPa Behind the abutment wall
Surcharge = 0 kPa at depth z= 0 m

460158026.xls Proposed
 Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure North Abutment Wall (Proposed conditions) Sheet no 4/9
Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02
DCL
Reviewer

Design calculations

Check for sliding

Stabilising forces

Friction at the base = 141.0 kN Self Weight + Dead Load

Friction at the base = 241.7 kN Self Weight + Dead Load + Live Load

Earth passive thrust = 237.9 kN

Water Thrust (Canal)= 0.00 kN
Friction provided by bearing = 30.8 kN Dead Load
Friction provided by bearing = 79.0 kN Dead Load + Live Load

Destabilising forces

Earth active Thrust = 152.4 kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Water pressure in soil = 7.2 kN

Braking load on the bridge = 40.5 kN

Check for overturning

Stabilising moments

Earth passive moment = 219.3 m kN

Moment provided by bearing = 151.6 m kN Dead Load

Moment provided by bearing = 388.5 m kN Dead Load + Live Load
Moment due to water in canal= 0.00 m kN
Moment provided by self weigh 135.4 m kN
Moment provided by dead load 109.9 m kN Dead Load
Moment provided by live load = 171.7 m kN Live Load

Destabilising moments

Earth active moment = 314.2 m kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Moment from water pressure = 2.88 m kN

Moment caused by braking loa 199.4 m kN

460158026.xls Proposed
 Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure North Abutment Wall (Temporary conditions) Sheet no 5/9
Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02
DCL
Reviewer 0 Date

Proposed bridge

Ground conditions:

g' kN/m3 fpeak' ffactored' Ka Kp Strata

Sandy Clay 19 25 0.35 3.5 6.25
-

25 -

Ground water
Hwa = 1.20 m Height of water above the base of the wall:
Hwp = 0.70 m
Canal water Hw= 0.00 m
Wall material

Masonry
Unit weight: 22 kN/m3

Wall Geometry

Total height of retaining wall: H= 5.60 m

Embedment depth: d= 2.70 m
Retained height: h= 2.90 m
Width of footing: B= 2.00 m
Abutment width: B= m
Abutment length: L= 1 m
Plan area of footing: A= 2 m2

Loading conditions:

Vertical loading

Load (kN) d(m) d: Distance from the position of the load

Self Weight of wall: W= 188.9 0.79 to the edge of the footing

Dead load on wall: Qg = 0.00 0.00

Live load on wall: Qi = 0.00 0.00

Horizontal loading

Skew: 42 degrees
Horizontal load applied at the bearings: 27.30 kN
Friction coefficient (m): 0.3

Surcharge loading

Depth of fill above abutment = 0 m

Surcharge = 10 kPa Behind the abutment wall
Surcharge = 0 kPa at depth z= 0 m

460158026.xls Temp condition

 Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure North Abutment Wall (Temporary conditions) Sheet no 6/9
Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02
DCL
Reviewer Date

Design calculations

Check for sliding

Stabilising forces

Friction at the base = 79.2 kN Self Weight + Dead Load

Friction at the base = 79.2 kN Self Weight + Dead Load + Live Load

Earth passive thrust = 236.1 kN

Water Thrust (Canal)= 0.00 kN
Friction provided by bearing = 0.0 kN Dead Load
Friction provided by bearing = 0.0 kN Dead Load + Live Load

Destabilising forces

Earth active Thrust = 121.4 kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Water pressure in soil = 7.2 kN

Braking load on the bridge = 20.3 kN

Check for overturning

Stabilising moments

Earth passive moment = 216.9 m kN

Moment provided by bearing = 0.0 m kN Dead Load

Moment provided by bearing = 0.0 m kN Dead Load + Live Load
Moment due to water in canal= 0.00 m kN
Moment provided by self weigh 129.8 m kN
Moment provided by dead load 0.0 m kN Dead Load
Moment provided by live load 0.0 m kN Live Load

Destabilising moments

Earth active moment = 248.5 m kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Moment from water pressure = 2.88 m kN

Moment caused by braking loa 113.6 m kN

460158026.xls Temp condition

 Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure North Abutment Wall (Temporary conditions) Sheet no 7/9

DCL Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02

Reviewer 0 Date 30/12/99

Proposed bridge

Ground conditions:

g' kN/m3 fpeak' ffactored' Ka Kp Strata

Sandy Clay 19 25 0.35 3.5 6.25
-

25 -

Ground water
Hwa = 1.20 m Height of water above the base of the wall:
Hwp = 0.70 m
Canal water Hw= 0.00 m
Wall material

Masonry
Unit weight: 22 kN/m3

Wall Geometry

Total height of retaining wall: H= 4.42 m

Embedment depth: d= 2.71 m
Retained height: h= 1.71 m
Width of footing: B= 2.00 m
Abutment width: B= m
Abutment length: L= 1 m
Plan area of footing: A= 2 m2

Loading conditions:

Vertical loading

Load (kN) d(m) d: Distance from the position of the load

Self Weight of wall: W= 161 0.837 to the edge of the footing

Dead load on wall: Qg = 0.00 0.00

Live load on wall: Qi = 0.00 0.00

Horizontal loading

Skew: 42 degrees
Horizontal load applied at the bearings: 27.30 kN
Friction coefficient (m): 0.3

Surcharge loading

Depth of fill above abutment = 0 m

Surcharge = 10 kPa Behind the abutment wall
Surcharge = 0 kPa at depth z= 0 m

460158026.xls Temp with excvn to cill base

 Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure Abutment Wall (Temporary conditions) Sheet no 8/9
Calc by FSC Date 23/10/02
DCL
Reviewer Date

Design calculations

Check for sliding

Stabilising forces

Friction at the base = 66.4 kN Self Weight + Dead Load

Friction at the base = 66.4 kN Self Weight + Dead Load + Live Load

Earth passive thrust = 237.9 kN

Water Thrust (Canal)= 0.00 kN
Friction provided by bearing = 0.0 kN Dead Load
Friction provided by bearing = 0.0 kN Dead Load + Live Load

Destabilising forces

Earth active Thrust = 77.9 kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Water pressure in soil= 7.2 kN

Braking load on the bridge = 20.3 kN

Check for overturning

Stabilising moments

Earth passive moment = 219.3 m kN

Moment provided by bearing = 0.0 m kN Dead Load

Moment provided by bearing = 0.0 m kN Dead Load + Live Load
Moment due to water in canal= 0.00 m kN
Moment provided by self weigh 116.1 m kN
Moment provided by dead load 0.0 m kN Dead Load
Moment provided by live load 0.0 m kN Live Load

Destabilising moments

Earth active moment = 128.9 m kN Takes into account the earth pressure and the
surcharge applied behind the abutment
Moment from water pressure = 2.88 m kN

Moment caused by braking loa 89.7 m kN

460158026.xls Temp with excvn to cill base

ABUTMENT WALL ASSESSMENT SUMMARY SHEET

Project Birse DCL-127 Job ref BE2881/81460

ELR: Part of structure Abutment Wall Assessment, North Sheet no 9/9
Calc by FSC Date 10/23/2002
DCL
Reviewer Date

DCL-127 North Abutment Wall Assessment

Existing Structure Revised Data Proposed Structure Temporary condition Excavation to top of abutment Temporary condition Excvn. to cill base level
Original abutment intact Abutment broken down
Dead Loads Dead Loads Dead Loads Dead Loads

Total load applied at the centre of the base: 241 kN Total load applied at the centre of the base: 321 kN Total load applied at the centre of the base: 189 kN Total load applied at the centre of the base: 161 kN
Width of footing (B): 2.00 m Width of footing (B): 2.00 m Width of footing (B): 2.00 m Width of footing (B): 2.00 m
Eccentricity: 0.41 m Eccentricity: -0.06 m Eccentricity: 0.21 m Eccentricity: -0.47 m

Stabilising force: 351 kN Stabilising force: 410 kN Stabilising force: 315 kN Stabilising force: 304 kN
Destabilising force: 146 kN Destabilising force: 142 kN Destabilising force: 109 kN Destabilising force: 70 kN
FOS sliding: 2.40 FOS sliding: 2.89 FOS sliding: 2.89 FOS sliding: 4.35
Load case A
Stabilising moment about toe: 444 m kN Stabilising moment about toe: 616 m kN Stabilising moment about toe: 347 m kN Stabilising moment about toe: 335 m kN
Destabilising moment about toe: 301 m kN Destabilising moment about toe: 275 m kN Destabilising moment about toe: 197 m kN Destabilising moment about toe: 98 m kN
FOS overturning: 1.48 FOS overturning: 2.24 FOS overturning: 1.76 FOS overturning: 3.42

Applied bearing pressure: 202 kN/m2 Applied bearing pressure: 161 kN/m2 Applied bearing pressure: 119 kN/m2 Applied bearing pressure: 81 kN/m2
Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2 Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2 Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2 Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2
FOS against bearing capacity failure: 2.84 FOS against bearing capacity failure: 3.58 FOS against bearing capacity failure: 4.83 FOS against bearing capacity failure: 7.1

Dead Loads + Surcharge behind the abutment Dead Loads + Surcharge behind the abutment Dead Loads + Surcharge behind the abutment Dead Loads + Surcharge behind the abutment

Total load applied at the centre of the base: 241 kN Total load applied at the centre of the base: 321 kN Total load applied at the centre of the base: 189 kN Total load applied at the centre of the base: 161 kN
Width of footing (B): 2.00 m Width of footing (B): 2.00 m Width of footing (B): 2.00 m Width of footing (B): 2.00 m
Eccentricity: 0.63 m Eccentricity: 0.07 m Eccentricity: 0.50 m Eccentricity: -0.26 m

Stabilising force: 351 kN Stabilising force: 410 kN Stabilising force: 315 kN Stabilising force: 304 kN
Destabilising force: 166 kN Destabilising force: 160 kN Destabilising force: 129 kN Destabilising force: 85 kN
FOS sliding: 2.12 FOS sliding: 2.57 FOS sliding: 2.45 FOS sliding: 3.58
Load case B
Stabilising moment about toe: 444 m kN Stabilising moment about toe: 616 m kN Stabilising moment about toe: 347 m kN Stabilising moment about toe: 335 m kN
Destabilising moment about toe: 356 m kN Destabilising moment about toe: 317 m kN Destabilising moment about toe: 251 m kN Destabilising moment about toe: 132 m kN
FOS overturning: 1.25 FOS overturning: 1.94 FOS overturning: 1.38 FOS overturning: 2.55

Applied bearing pressure: 328 kN/m2 Applied bearing pressure: 173 kN/m2 Applied bearing pressure: 187 kN/m2 Applied bearing pressure: 81 kN/m2
Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2 Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2 Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2 Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2
FOS against bearing capacity failure: 1.76 FOS against bearing capacity failure: 3.33 FOS against bearing capacity failure: 3.07 FOS against bearing capacity failure: 7.13

Dead Loads + Live Loads + Surcharge behind the abutment Dead Loads + Live Loads + Surcharge behind the abutment

Total load applied at the centre of the base: 456 kN Total load applied at the centre of the base: 537 kN
Width of footing (B): 2.00 m Width of footing (B): 2.00 m
Eccentricity: 0.41 m Eccentricity: 0.05 m

Stabilising force: 500 kN Stabilising force: 559 kN

Destabilising force: 206 kN Destabilising force: 200 kN
FOS sliding: 2.4 FOS sliding: 2.79
Load case C
Stabilising moment about toe: 851 m kN Stabilising moment about toe: 1025 m kN
Destabilising moment about toe: 583 m kN Destabilising moment about toe: 517 m kN
FOS overturning: 1.5 FOS overturning: 1.98

Applied bearing pressure: 388 kN/m2 Applied bearing pressure: 284 kN/m2
Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2 Ultimate bearing capacity: 575 kN/m2
FOS against bearing capacity failure: 1.48 FOS against bearing capacity failure: 2.02

NOTES:
460158026.xls Results
1. Quoted values have been derived from long term analysis.
 Project Birse SFC, LEC2_14 Job ref BE2881/81460
ELR: Part of structure Abutment Wall Assessment
Calc by Date
LEC2_14
Reviewer Juan San Juan Date

REVIEW FORM
Checking list: Delete as appropriate

Wall geometry: ……………………………………...………………………………………….

yes / no
Embedment depths: yes / no
……………………………………...…………………………………………
Ground conditions:……………………………………...…………………………………………
yes / no
……………………………………...…………………………………………
Ground water regime: yes / no
……………………………………...…………………………………………
Coefficients of earth pressure: yes / no
Loading conditions: yes / no
……………………………………...…………………………………………

Comments:

Actions / Recommendations:
Bearing Capacity Calculator
For:

PGL= 100.000 mAOD

FL= 98.450 mAOD
GWL= 98.250 mAOD

Is water level within B of founding level? Yes

D (m) B (m) L (m) eB (m) eL (m) B' (m) L' (m) f' (deg) cu (kPa) g (kN/m3)
1.55 1.90 10.00 0.000 0.000 1.90 10.00 26 0 20

b (deg) b (rad) Nc Nq Ng dq dc sc sq sg
0 0.000 22.25 11.85 7.94 1.25 1.27 1.10 1.09 0.92

gc gq gg
1.000 1.000 1.000

1
qult =cN c s c d c i c bc g c + p 0 N q s q d q i q b q g q + 2
γ ' B ' N γ s γ d γ i γ bγ gγ

qult =c u N c sc d c i c b c + p0 N q sq d q i q bq − 2 βc u

Gross qult= 581 kPa

Net = Existing - applied
Gross qsafe 581 kPa
Total allowable bearing pressure = Maximum pressure that can be app
Net qult= 550 kPa Net allowable bearing pressure = Maximum increase in pressure that

Net qsafe= 550 kPa

 g w (kN/m3) hw (m) g' (kN/m3) f' (rad)
9.807 -0.2 11.225 0.45

p'o FoS
31.00 1.0

for drained conditions

for undrained conditions

pressure that can be applied

increase in pressure that can be appllied