FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

What is Physical Education?

 Physical education is an educational process, which includes the acquisition and refinement of motor skills, the
development and maintenance of fitness for optimal health and well-being, the attainment of knowledge and
the growth of positive attitudes towards physical activity.

What is meant by Objectives?

 Objectives are goals or desired outcomes that can be realized from participation in carefully planned Physical
Education program.

What are the Objectives of Physical Education?

A. Psychomotor Objectives (Physical Development)

 Deals with the program of activities that build physical power in an individual by developing the various
organic system of the body. It results in the ability to sustain recover and resist fatigue.
 Development of health- related fitness such as cardio respiratory endurance, muscular endurance strength and
flexibility.
 Development of performance related to fitness such as speed, power, coordination and balance.

B. Cognitive Objectives (Mental Development)

 Includes the development of intellectual abilities, acquisition of knowledge and formulation of ideas, problem-
solving, analysis, interpretation and creativity.
 Understanding of rules and application of strategies or techniques in games and sports.
 Includes analysis of movement and principles underlying movement.

C. Affective Objectives (Social and Emotional Development)

 Social development is concerned with helping an individual in making personal and group adjustments.
This includes a feeling of belonging, recognition, self- respect and love.
 Affective development is involved with the attitudes appreciation and values such as sportsmanship.

What is Physical Fitness?

 The ability of the body to perform one’s daily task efficiently without undue fatigue and still have
some extra energy in case of emergency.

What are the Components of Physical Fitness?

A. Skill- related Components

1. Agility- The ability of the body to move quickly in a short period of time.
2. Balance- The ability of the body to maintain and sustain your static position.
3. Coordination- The connection of your mind and your body during movement.
4. Power- The ability of the body to exert force in daily activities.
5. Reaction-time- The response of your reflexes on a certain stimulus.
6. Speed- The ability of the body to move in a lateral position in a short period of time.

B. Health- related Components

1. Body Composition- relates on the structure of the body dealing with fats, muscles and bones.
 Different Body Types
a. Ectomorph- characterized by a lean slender body build with slight muscular development.
b. Endomorph- having a heavy rounded body build often a marked tendency to become fat.
c. Mesomorph-having a husky muscular body build.
2. Cardio- vascular Endurance/ Cardio- respiratory Endurance- the ability of the circulatory
system to supply oxygen to working muscles during exercise.
3. Flexibility- the ability of the body to move in a full range of motion.
4. Muscular Strength- the amount of force that can be produced by a single contraction of a muscle.
5. Muscular Endurance- the ability of the muscle to continually contract over an extended length of
time.