Maghuyop, Rhansryne L.

Ac1B Nov 9, 2015

IT 24 – Algorithm, Pseudocode, Programs & Flowcharts

Programs

Computers do not understand instructions written in human languages. The algorithm

must be "explained" to them in a language they understand, and that language is binary
code -- a series of zeroes and 1s that is difficult for humans to read and write without
making a lot of mistakes. Programming languages were designed to make this process
easier. They use special keywords and syntax -- the equivalent of vocabulary and
grammar in a human language. The programming language then converts these
keywords and syntax into binary code which the computer executes to perform the
algorithm, which is called pseudocode. It is a detailed set of instruction for a machine (in
this case the computer itself) to carry out the task. It’s the real implement of computer
algorithms. Program start working after when the algorithm is done making.

Pseudocode ( function of describing/outlining the algorithm ) :

When they begin designing a program, the programmers often do not know in which
programming language the program will ultimately be written. Even if they do, they may
find that the programming language is not be a natural way for them to think clearly
about the logic of the algorithm steps. To make this process easier, the programmers
use an intermediate form of code called "pseudocode." Pseudocode sounds like a
simplified human language, but it is not based on any specific programming language.
Rather, it uses syntax which is common to many programming languages. A good
example is decision-making syntax like if-then structures; another is looping syntax like
for-next structures. Pseudocode is kinda like "intermediary"
between algorithm and implemented program. Algorithm is the semantic of the process
while pseudo code is the syntax to communication sake to solve any problem or do any
task. No rules

Algorithms ( set of logic statement/method )

An algorithm is simply a series of steps you follow when solving a problem. You list the
steps in the order they should be performed. If you give a friend instructions on how to
get to your house -- beginning at his initial location and ending at your intended location
-- you could call that an algorithm for getting to your house. Recipes for baking a cake
or instructions for building a table are also algorithms. However, computer programmers
use the term specifically to describe the steps a properly designed computer program
will follow to perform its intended purpose. Algorithm is a detailed sequences of steps
from beginning to end to carry out the whole process.
Logic or the basic plan of the action, behind of getting something done.it has rules to
follow.

In short:
Algorithm is the "skeleton" of the plan/task and program is like "giving it it's
shape" and pseudo code is telling the program how the algorithm wants the plan/ task to
turn out to be. Among these three PSEUDO-CODE is the most easiest for human brain
to understand or to make.

A flowchart is a formalized graphic representation of a logic sequence, work or

manufacturing process, organization chart, or similar formalized structure. The purpose
of a flow chart is to provide people with a common language or reference point when
dealing with a project or process. Flowcharts use simple geometric symbols and arrows
to define relationships

Common Flowchart Symbols

The process symbol represents a process, action, or function. It’s the most
widely-used symbol in flowcharting.

The document symbol represents the input or output of a document. Examples

of input are receiving a report, email, or order. Examples of output are
generating a presentation, memo, or letter.

The decision symbol indicates a question to be answered—usually yes/no or

true/false. The flowchart path may splinter into different branches depending on
the answer.

The connector symbol connects separate elements across one page. It’s
usually used within complex charts.

The off-page connector (also known as the off-page link) symbol connects
separate elements across multiple pages. It is frequently used within complex
charts. The page number is sometimes placed on the shape for easy reference.

The data symbol (also called the input/output symbol) represents data that is
available for input or output. It may also represent resources used or
generated. The paper tape symbol also represents input/output, but is outdated
and no longer in common usage. Another symbol used to represent data is the circle
shape.
The comment symbol, or note symbol, adds needed explanation or comment. It
may be connected by a dashed line to the relevant section of the flowchart.

Other Flowchart Symbols' Meaning Explained

The stored data symbol represents data housed on a storage device.

The summing junction symbol sums the input of several converging paths.

The terminator symbol represents the start points, end points, and potential
outcomes of a path.

The predefined process symbol indicates a complicated process or operation

that is well-known or defined elsewhere.

The internal storage symbol represents data stored in random-access memory

(RAM).

The manual input symbol represents the manual input of data into a computer,
usually through a keyboard.

The manual operation symbol indicates a step that must be done manually, not
automatically.

The merge symbol combines multiple paths.

The multiple documents symbol represents multiple documents or reports.

The preparation symbol differentiates between steps that prepare for work and
steps that actually do work.