GRAMMAR

REVISION
 A verb is often a doing word, showing sort of action.
VERBS
Example : I am walking. I walk to school.

Exercise 1 : Underline the verbs in the sentences.

Circle the nouns.

1. Mary is very thirsty.

2. They stared at me.
3. Siew Leng has a pet rabbit.
4. It was raining yesterday.
5. Amir is playing football.
6. This club is called The Rocky Club.
7. Grandfather is resting now.
8. My mother is going to bake a cake for tea.
9. The Maths teacher asked us a question.
10. Mother bought some vegetables from the market.
11. The hunter shot the tiger.
12. I left my book at home.

NOUNS : Nouns are the names of people, animals, places and things.
e.g. Birds build their nests in trees. (Nouns : N : birds, nests, trees)
(Verb : V : build)
Exercise 2 :

1. I went to the market with my mother.

2. The boy fell down from the stairs.
3. We used to live in that house across the river.
4. Cats love to eat fish.
5. I heard a noise in the middle of the night.
6. The scouts jumped into the pond to save the boy from drowning.
7. Cakes are made of flour, eggs, butter and sugar.
8. Sally received a present for her birthday from her friend.
9. The robbers broke into the shop and took all the money.
10. The aeroplane flew over the mountains.
11. She ate a waffle and drank some coffee.
12. There are many children playing at the playground.

Singular and Plural Nouns

A Singular subject requires a singular verb and a plural subject requires a plural
verb.
The present tense :
Singular Plural
I go to school. She goes to school.
Mary goes to school. Mary and her friends go to school.
Exercise 3 : Write down the singular of each of these words :
1. boys - 5. boxes - 9. women –
2. children - 6. knives - 10. glasses -
3. mosquitoes - 7. potatoes - 11. men –
4. matches - 8. leaves - 12. watches –
Exercise 4 : Write down the plural of each of these words.
1. foot - 5. radio - 9. mouse –
2. faces - 6. tomato - 10. ox –
3. bush - 7. monkey - 11. thief –
4. baby - 8. tooth - 12. city –
 The tense of the verb tells us when the action took place. We use the Present
Tense of the verb to tell us what is happening now. We use the Past Tense of the
verb to tell us what happened in the past.
e.g. I go to school every day. Mariam goes to school every day too.
Mariam and I go to school every day. (Present Tense)
e.g. I went to school yesterday. Mariam went to school yesterday.
Mariam and I went to school together yesterday. (Past Tense)

Agreement / Simple Present Tense.

am was
Singular I
You
We go have are were
Plural They eat
Ali and Ani

He
Singular She goes has is was
It eats
Ali

[ # If I were you …….. # ]

 Singular Plural

This is a book. These are books.

That is a book. Those are books.

Nouns in plural form : scissors, spectacles, trousers, clothes, measles

Plural forms used in singular : news, furniture, fun, luggage, help, poetry

Exercise 5 : (Simple Present Tense) Fill in the blanks with ‘do’ or ‘does’

1. Weng Lin _______ the cooking every day.

2. My aunt _______ the washing every morning.
3. I ______ not like mangoesteen.
4. ______ he know you ?
5. Jason ______ his work carefully.
6. Lily _______ not want any drink.
7. He ______ his gardening in the evening.
8. _______ they play badminton ?
9. The children ______ not come here often.
10. It ______ not meat.
11. _____ we have to go ?
12. ______ they play hockey ?
13. She _____ her ironing very quickly.
14. I _____ not visit my friends at night.
15. Dogs _____ not like cats.
16. _____ Jack wear a cap ?
17. Sally ______ not like to dance.
18. They _____ most of the work in the morning.
19. This girl _____ her homework every day.
20. You _____ things so neatly.

Exercise 6 : Write the correct words

1. We often __________ (read, reads) in class.

2. The lazy boy never _______ (work, works) hard.
3. The prefect _______ (ring, rings) the bell every day.
4. His father _______ (go, goes) to work by car.
 5. My mother ________ (wash, washes) the clothes.
6. The sun ________ (shine, shines) brightly.
7. That man _______ (know, knows) her.
8. Jane _______ (sing, sings) sweetly.
9. We _________ (meet, meets) her every evening.
10. Miss Yeo _________ (teach, teaches) English.
11. Tigers _________ (live, lives) in the jungle.
12. The cows ________ (eat, eats) grass.
13. He ________ (love, loves) his dog.
14. They _________ (drive, drives) lorries.
15. The boys _________ (swim, swims) in this river.
16. These men _________ (make, makes) chairs.
17. I ________ (drink, drinks) milo every day.
18. The buses _______ (stop, stops) here.
19. We _______ (catch, catches) fish.
20. They __________ (wake, wakes) up early in the morning.

Problem Words
21. They __________ (wake, wakes) up early in the morning.
 Each, every, everybody, anybody, nobody, one of are singular
e.g. Each child gets a present on Children’s Day
Everyone likes to be happy. Nobody is perfect
Everybody needs a friend. One of the boys has taken my pen.
 Either or, neither nor can be either singular or plural.
e.g. Either you or your brother is going.
Either the girls or the boys have to pay for the damage.
Neither of them is going for the trip.
Neither my friends nor my relatives are interested going for the trip.
 None can be either singular or plural
e.g. I wanted to buy a good watch but none was available from that shop.
None of the goals were saved by the goalkeeper.

Exercise 7 : Choose the correct form of verb in the brackets.

1. The grass in our garden (need, needs) _________ cutting.

2. Neither my father nor my brother (smoke, smokes) __________.
3. (Does, Do) ________anyone know where is Ahmad ?
4. All the pupils (listen, listens) _____________ attentively to the teacher.
5. Many of my friends (live, lives) _________ out station.
6. One of the men (go, goes) ________ to the toilet.
7. Each child (get, gets) _________ a present.
 8. Some people (believe, believes) __________ in ghosts.
9. Sunlight (kill, kills) ________ germs.
10. Either Mary or Jane, (live, lives) _________ .

Exercise 8 : Fill in the blanks with ‘is’ or ‘are’

1. Leela ________ tall, but her sisters ______ taller.

2. Nobody ______ allowed to enter the room.
3. Neither of the pencils _______ mine.
4. Both of these tins _______ filled with petrol.
5. Everyone ______ present at the meeting.
6. All of the children _______ tired after the picnic.
7. There ______ no one at home. Where _____ they ?
8. All the schools _______ having a holiday but our school _______ not.
9. The water _______ boiling.
10. This group of boys _______ noisy but those boys over there ______ quiet.

Exercise 9 : Fill in the blanks with ‘has’ or ‘have’

1. Foxes _______ long tails

2. My uncle _______ bought a new car.
3. The tree _______ fallen down.
4. Jane ______ a fever.
5. I ______ to help him.
6. She ______ not done her work.
7. ______ he come yet ?
8. My mother _____ baked a cake.
9. The children ______ many toys.
10. _______ the girls gone home ?

Exercise 11 : Agreement : Rewrite the sentences, change the words in bold to plural.

1. I am going to his house today. …………………………………………………………..

2. The shop is closed on Sunday. ………………………………………………………….
3. Where is my book ? …………………………………………………………..
4. Is he coming here ? …………………………………………………………..
 5. The teacher puts his book on the table.
……………………………………………………

Exercise 12 : Agreement : Rewrite the sentences, change the words in bold to singular

6. There are pencils in the boxes. ………………………………………………………….

7. Those children were playing in the rain. …………………………………………………

8. The men want to see Mr Lim. …………………………………………………………..
9. Do they drink coffee ? …………………………………………………………..
10. My brothers collect stamps. ……………………………………………………………

The banana is ripe. The bananas are ripe.

The girl has a bicycle. The girls have bicycles.
She does not know him. They do not know him.
My sister likes sweets. My sisters like sweets.

PRESENT
CONTINU
We use the Present Continuous tense for an action that is still going on at the
time of speaking.
OUS
TENSE

Exercise 13 : Choose the correct word.

1. The cat (is hiding, are hiding) behind the bush now.
2. I (am looking, is looking) at the picture now.
3. They (is building, are building) a house now.
4. The children (am crying, are crying) now
5. The watchman (is opening, are opening) the doors now.
6. The girl (is dancing, are dancing) on the stage now.
7. The dogs (is barking, are barking) at the men now.
8. She (is waking, are waking) up now.
9. Look ! The bus (is stopping, are stopping) now.
10.You (am drawing, are drawing) a picture now.
Exercise 14 : Give the Present Continuous form of the verb in brackets.
1. The wind _______ not _____________ (blow) now.
2. We ______ ______________ (wait) for the bus now.
3. They ______ ____________ (have) their breakfast now.
4. Our team ____ _______________ (win) now.
5. I ______ _____________ (draw) on the board now.
6. The dog ____ ______________ (bark) at the two strangers who ____ _____________
(walk) towards the house.
7. My aunt ______ ___________ (arrive) by plane tomorrow. We _____ ____________ (go)
to meet her at the airport.
8. “ _______ Peter and Chong Meng _____________ (take) part in the Ipoh Big Walk?”
9. The holidays ______ ______________(approach). We ______ ____________ (organize) a
trip to Langkawi.
10. My sister _____ _____________ (sew) a dress. I _____ ___________ (help) her.

FORMS OF THE VERB

I eat rice every day.

I am eating rice now.
I ate rice yesterday.
I have already eaten rice.

Present Tense Present / Past Past Tense Past Participle

Continuous
become becoming became become
begin beginning began begun
blow blowing blew blown
break breaking broke broken
bring bringing brought brought
buy buying bought bought
catch catching caught caught
come coming came come
do doing did done
draw drawing drew drawn
drink drinking drank drunk
eat eating ate eaten
fall falling fell fallen
fly flying flew flown
forget forgetting forgot forgotten
get getting got gotten
know knowing knew known
lay laying laid laid
lie lying lay lain
speak speaking spoke spoken
take taking took taken
tear tearing tore torn
tell telling told told
throw throwing threw thrown
write writing wrote written

Present Tense Present / Past Past Tense Past Participle

Continuous
advise advising advised advised
allow allowing allowed allowed
behave behaving behaved behave
live living lived lived
wait waiting waited waited

Present Tense Present / Past Past Tense Past Participle

Continuous
cut cutting cut cut
put putting put put
shut shutting shut shut
read reading read read

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

We use the Simple Past tense for a past action when we
know the time it happened.

Exercise 15 : Give the correct Simple Past tense

1. Yesterday, teacher _________ the boy for coming late. (scold)
2. Last night, my grandfather __________ for a walk. (go)
3. He _______ up before he spoke. (stand)
4. The girls ________ very hungry when they came home. (be)
5. She ________ a beautiful dress to the party. (wear)
6. They _________ a lot of fish this morning. (catch)
7. I ________ to the cinema last Saturday. (go)
8. The cat ________ the fish just now. (steal)
9. They _________ the news last evening. (hear)
10.The farmer _______ his cows last week. (sell)

EXERCISE 16 – SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Make these sentences negative by putting in ‘not’.

e.g She walked to school yesterday.

She did not walk to school yesterday.

1. She sang that song yesterday.

______________________________________
2. Poh Lin wore a blue dress last night.
______________________________________
3. I slept at 8 o’clock last night.
______________________________________
4. He spoke to her just now.
______________________________________
5. John made a kite yesterday afternoon.
______________________________________
6. Miss Goh taught us English last year.
______________________________________
EXERCISE 17 – SIMPLE PASST TENSE
Turn these statements into questions. Begin with ‘Did’.

e.g Mei Ling made a cake yesterday.

Did Mei Ling make a cake yesterday ?

1. Samy saw a snake last week.

______________________________________
2. You forgot to bring your book yesterday.
______________________________________
3. Your brother left the house an hour ago.
______________________________________
4. Her father bought another car last year.
______________________________________
5. It rained heavily last evening.
______________________________________
6. I woke up at 8 o’clock this morning.
______________________________________
THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

1.To mention something that happened at a particular time or over a period of time.

e.g 1. I was washing my clothes at six in the morning.

2. He was playing computer games the whole day.

2. When two actions happen at the same time in the past.

e.g 1. While I was doing my homework, my mother was sewing a dress.
2. While father was mowing the lawn, mother was cooking dinner.

3. When one action happens followed by another action in the past.

e.g 1. I was talking to the teacher when the bell rang.
2. Alina was talking on the phone when her sister walked in.

Exercise 18 : Fill in the blanks with the correct past continuous tense of the verbs given.

1. She ________________________ (play) the piano when I walked in.

2. They _______________________ (have) dinner when the fire started.
3. While grandma ___________________ (sleep), I ________________ (do) my
homework.
4. Mrs Chong __________________(teach) when the headmaster walked in.
5. They ___________________(pray) when the tsunami struck.
6. The boys _________________(play) football while the girls _______________(sit)
under the shade.
7. She __________________(write) letters the whole day.
8. Aziz __________________(climb) the rambutan tree when the dog started barking.
9. The public ____________________(demonstrate) against the war.
10. She ___________________(send) out e-mails when her mother walked in.

Exercise 19 :
Put the verbs in brackets into the Simple Past or the Past Continuous tense.
e.g While he _______(weed) the garden, a snake _______(bite) him.
While he was weeding the garden, a snake bit him.

1. As I _____________(go) to school yesterday, I _________(see) a lorry crash into that

shop.
2. He ____________(hurt) his ankle while he _____________(play) football.
3. I ______________(wash) my hands when the telephone _________ (ring).
4. When we ___________(reach) his house last evening, he and his wife
_______________(laugh) loudly.
5. Just as he ______________(come) out of the shop, he __________(meet) his old
neighbour.
6. As I ______________(get) into the bus, it suddenly ___________(start) to move and
I ____________(fall) backwards on the road.
7. They _________________(watch) television when the fire _________(break) out.
8. At 6 o’clock yesterday I ________________(wait) for you at the cinema. I
___________(wait) until it was seven, then I ____________(go) in to see the film
alone.
9. She _________________(sit) on the chair when she suddenly
_______________(scream) and ________________(jump) up.
10. At 8 o’clock last night I ________________(read) an interesting book when the light
____________(go) out. It ____________(come)on again at a quarter past nine, so I
_____________(continue) reading.
 Fill in the blanks with the correct tense forms of the verbs in brackets.

About a week ago, as we ________________ (walk) to the market, we _____

(see) a lorry hit a cyclist. The lorry driver ______________ (not stop) although we
___________ (shout) at him to do so. Soon, a crowd ____________ (gather) and a
tall gentleman _________ (take) the injured cyclist to the General Hospital. Till now
the police _______________ (not trace) the lorry driver. They ________ (say) that
the lorry driver __________ (run) away because he _________ (be) too frightened.

Exercise 20 : Tense Sequence