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Net Positive Suction Head – Amount of energy in the liquid at the pump datum. It must be defined to have a
meaning, as either available or required NPSH.
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Required NPSH – A characteristic of the pump design. It is determined by test or computation and is the
energy needed to fill a pump on the suction side and overcome the friction and low losses from the suction
connection to that point in the pump at which more energy is added. Required NPSH varies with pump design,
pump size and operating conditions and is supplied by the pump manufacturer.
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Hands-On P
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Available NPSH– A characteristic of the system and is defined as the energy which is in a liquid at the suction
FEB FEB Workshop
connection of the pump (regardless of the type of pump) over and above that energy in the liquid due to its 2020 2020 8:00am - 4:00pm
vapor pressure. Available NPSH can be calculated or obtained by taking test readings at the suction side of the Las Vegas, NV
pump.
Available NPSH = (P1 – Pv) 2.31 Specific Gravity + Z1 – Hfs TUE WED
Hands-On P
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P1 = Pressure on liquid surface in pounds per square inch absolute (psia). Absolute pressure is equal to gauge MAR MAR Workshop
reading plus atmospheric pressure. Three common examples are: 2020 2020 8:00am - 4:00pm
Modesto, CA
Open tank – No gauge reading so absolute pressure equals atmospheric pressure, or 14.7 psia at sea level.
Closed tank under pressure – Add gauge reading in psig to atmospheric pressure to get total absolute
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21/02/2020 Blog - How to Calculate TDH & NPSH
pressure. Closed tank under vacuum- Subtract vacuum reading in inches of mercury from atmospheric
pressure in inches of mercury (30 inches at sea level) and convert to psia by multiplying by .49.
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Boiler Opera
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MAR MAR Workshop
Pv = Vapor pressure of liquid in psia at pumping temperature. Available from data tables. 2020 2020 8:00am - 4:00pm
Sacramento, CA
Sp.Gr. = Specific gravity of liquid being handled.
Z1 = Height of liquid surface above pump suction, measure in feet. If surface is below pump, use minus sign. WED
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Hfs = Friction loss in feet suction pipe including entrance loss from tank to pipe, and loss in all valves, elbows, MAR Coast Wine
and other fittings. 2020 Symposium
9:00am - 4:00pm
Cavitation: When the NPSH required by the pump is greater than the NPSH available by the system, Bakersfield, CA
cavitation occurs. Vapor is formed and moves along with the stream. These vapor bubbles or “cavities” collapse
when they reach regions or higher pressure on their way through the pump.
The most obvious effects of cavitation are noise and vibration. This is caused by the collapse of the vapor
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Western Turb
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bubbles as they reach the high pressure side of the pump. The bigger the pump, the greater the noise and MAR MAR Users Confe
vibration. If operating under cavitating conditions for a sufficient length of time, especially on water service, 2020 2020 7:00am - 2:30pm
impeller vane pitting will take place. The violent collapse of vapor bubbles forces liquid at high velocity into Santa Fe Springs, CA
vapor filled pores of the metal, producing surge pressures of high intensity on small areas. These pressures
can exceed the tensile strength of the metal, and actually blast out particles, giving the metal a spongy
appearance. This noise and vibration can cause bearing failure, shaft breakage and other fatigue failures in the TUE WED
Cleaver-Broo
pump. 07 08
APR APR Systems Tra
2020 2020 8:00am - 4:00pm
Categories: Pumps | Tags: Engineering, NPSH, Pumps, TDH Santa Fe Springs, CA
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