Training Presentation

TURBOCHARGER - OIL LEAKING

ATG/PEL/TT/CW/2019/P9

• Problem Statement
• Root Cause
• Preventive Action
Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer
1
Turbocharger Oil leakage will lead to …….

Turbocharger Oil Leakage will lead to……….

• Oil Top-up regularly

• Blue Smoke
• Blowby (wrong assumption)
Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer
 Turbocharger oil leaks?
Problem Statement

Oil Leakage from exhaust side of the turbocharger.

What is Turbocharger?
A Turbocharger is a turbine-driven forced induction
device that increases an internal combustion engine’s
efficiency and power output by forcing extra air into
the combustion chamber.

How it Works?
A turbo is made up of two halves joined together by a
shaft. On one side, hot exhaust gasses spin the turbine
that is connected to another turbine which sucks air in
and compresses it into the engine. This compression is
what gives the engine the extra power and efficiency
because as more air can go in the combustion
chamber, more fuel can be added for more power. Oil Leak
Turbocharger rotates at a RPM of 80,000 to 150000 .

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What are oil leaks?
Root Cause

Oil leaks can be caused by a

variety of factors,

• the main factor being incorrect

pressure within the
compressor and turbine
housings.

• Oil leaks can cause catastrophic

damage to the bearing systems
and occur within seconds of
the turbocharger commencing
operation.

• When a turbocharger is
installed correctly, it should
NOT leak oil.
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Causes of Oil leaks
Root Cause

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Examples of how oil leaks can occur
Root Cause • Oil leaks in the turbocharger may also, be the result of Air filter partially blocked can develop excess vacuum or negative
pressure leading to sucking of oil through turbocharger compressor side from oil seal area.

1
Pre cleaner
Air filter partially blocked can develop excess
vacuum or negative pressure leading to suck of oil
from turbocharger compressor side.

Air filter
Oil Seepages

evacuator valve

Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer

Examples of how oil leaks can occur
Root Cause • Oil leaks in the turbocharger may also, be the result of problems in the crankcase ventilation system. The vent or
breather line may sometimes become clogged or restricted through engine operation. ... This will cause oil to back up into
the bearing housing and leak past the piston ring type seals.
2

If there is kink, bend, twist or

partial blockage in the oil
return pipe, this will cause the
oil pressure to build up in the
bearing housing, resulting in
leaks from both turbine and
compressor ends.

Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer

Examples of how oil leaks can occur
Root Cause
If the oil level is too full
3 there will be nowhere for
the oil to flow, causing a
build up of oil pressure in
the bearing housing. This
will cause oil to leak from
both the turbine and
compressor ends.

Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer

Examples of how oil leaks can occur
Root Cause Piston ring blow by and crank
4 case blow by cause the same
effect, they increase the
pressure in the crank case. This
affects the oil flow to the turbo
at the correct rate needed and
acts as a restriction to the oil
feed pipe, causing the turbo to
leak oil in either of the turbine
end or compressor end. This
caused due to breather
blockage. So periodic
inspection, cleaning and
replacement required.
Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer
Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

Preventing Turbocharger Oil leaks: Air filter evacuator valve

• Check for air filter evacuator

valve fitted in all air intake
systems.

• Install it if not available or

damaged.

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Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

Preventing Turbocharger Oil leaks:

• Clean and maintain air filter Air filter dash board Air filter Clog
warning light Indicator
by seeing the dash board
warning lights and clog
indicator.

• Note: please refer the (Air

filter maintenance practices
presentation).

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Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

Preventing Turbocharger Oil leaks:

• Ensure air intake systems are clear from blockages or restrictions and proper sealing /
ensure the clamps are tightened properly.

Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer

Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

• Check the
exhaust system
to make sure
there are no
leaks present.

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Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

• Check & maintain correct

Engine oil levels.

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Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

LOW IDLE RPM : 700 2-3 bar

• Check for correct Engine oil
pressure in low idle & high High IDLE RPM : 2400 4-6 bar

idle Engine RPM.

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Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

• Check for damages to

turbocharger oil return pipe lines
and joint gasket, if found damaged
need to be rectified or replaced
immediately.

Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer

Avoid future failures
Preventive Action

Other Common Reasons for Turbo Failure’s :

1. Over Speeding: when a turbo is operating well above its normal operating limits.
2. foreign Materials entry: it is simply any object that enters the turbocharger through the
air inlet or exhaust inlet, will damage the compressor/turbine fins..
3. Overheating : components that have been subjected to abnormally high exhaust
temperature or insufficient cooling will reduce lubrication properties..
4. Oil Contamination : it can damage critical components. Which works under close
tolerance .
5. insufficient Lubrication : lack of oil in any of the lubricated areas can cause premature
failure. it can result in catastrophic damage to the bearing systems, which can occur
within seconds of the turbocharger commencing operation.

Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer

Thank you

Developed by Nanda Kumar –Technical Trainer