English Syntax 27 Agustus 2019

Syntax
Linguistics, ilmu yang mempelajari tentang kebahasaan.
Linguistics ada 2

Micro
(phonology, suara)
(morphology, pembentukan kata, shape of word)
(syntax, susuan kata dalam frasa/nomina)
(Semantics, makna)

Macro menghubungkan linguistik dengan selain linguistik

Basic Sentence classifications (4)

Declarative
Intrrogative
Imperative
Exclamatory

Basic structures (4)

• Simple sentence, one independent clause.
Satu kalimat minimal terdiri dr satu klausa.
Independent clause has complete thought.
• Compound sentence, two or more independent sentences
Comma with (coordinating) conjunction.
Gabungan simple sentence.
• Complex sentence, one independent sentence and one or more dependent (subordinate)
sentence.
• Compound-complex sentence, two or more independent sentence and at least one dependent
(subordinate) clause.
Subordinating ciri2 adanya dependent clause.

Descriptive approach
Divided into its immediate constituents (IC)
Using Chinese Boxes.

Structures of modification, consist of a Head and a Modifier.

(Tanda panah mengarah ke Head.)

Structures of prediction, consist of a Subject and a Predicate.

(Huruf p mengarah ke Predicate.)
Ex. Money talks
Structures of complementation, includes Verb and Complement.
(Huruf c mengarah ke Complement.)
Ex. Speak truth

Structures of Coordination, consisting of equivalent grammatical units joined often but not
always by a special kind of function word.
(Menggunakan konjungsi and dan dikotak lebih kecil.)

Homework
• Read 297 - 312
• Mencari short story (1) contoh structures of modification, predication, complementation,
coordination.

Last modified: Aug 27, 2019