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Mecanismos básicos
del desarrollo
Mitosis asimétrica
Sincronización de la mitosis
Activación génica jerárquica
Crecimiento diferencial
Apoptosis
Migración
Adhesión
Un morfogeno es una sustancia que controla el patrón del desarrollo de
tejidos. Actúa desde un foco del embrión, desde donde se expande
creando un gradiente. Su efecto se expande desde una fuente localizada,
formando un gradiente de concentración en el embrión
Origins of the Hox and ParaHox clusters. (A) The tandem duplication model of Hox and ParaHox clusters. Our evidence conflicts with the current
theory that a multigene duplication event formed the Hox and ParaHox cluster. Under this alternative model, each Hox and ParaHox gene was formed
through a series of tandem duplications either in the 3′ or 5′ direction and a translocation event separated the two ParaHox genes from the Hox
cluster. Hox3 and Central Hox genes are not included in this model because it is not clear whether they were present in the cnidarian-bilaterian
ancestor and subsequently lost in the Cnidaria or alternatively, were derived in the Bilateria from subsequent tandem duplication events of another
Hox/ParaHox gene (for example anthox7/8a/8b or anthox1/1a). The general scenario presented here is robust enough to easily accommodate either
event. (B) In this scenario adapted from Chourrout et al. 2006 Figure 3, a two-gene ProtoHox cluster is duplicated to form two sister clusters, the Hox
and ParaHox clusters [51]. Chourrout et al. found that NVHD065 (Xlox/Cdx in their analysis) showed conflicting affinities for Xlox and Cdx; similarly
our neighbor-joining and Bayesian trees had NVHD065 grouping with Cdx while the maximum-likelihood tree had NVHD065 grouping with Xlox. Unlike
our study, Chourrout et al. considered anthox1 and anthox1a (HoxE and HoxF in their analysis) to be non-Hox/ParaHox lineages, hence their omission
from their model [51]. PLOSONE,
Genes Pax
familia de factores de transcripción que contienen un par de dominios
conservados y, además, un homeodominio parcial o completo.
Género Nemostella
(anémona)
GENETICA DEL
DESARROLLO
Genes homéoticos (Hox, ParaHox, Pax)
Genes de respuesta
(diferenciación celular)
FIN