MIT- SOM PGRC KJIMRP National Research Conference (Special Issue) - 2016 ISSN : 0976-8262

New Emerging Trends on Money Market in Indian Scenario

Mr. M. Sunil Manohar Subbaiah*, K. Nagabhushana** , H.Ramakrishna***

Abstract :

The money market is one of the most important segmentof the Indian financial system.Money
market is a wholesale debt market for low risk highly liquidate short term instrument. This
market is dominated mostly by government banks and financial institutions.Money market is
the term designed to include the financial institution which handle the purchase, sale,and
transfer of short term credit instruments.
Money market plays a vital role in developing the Indian economy it refers lending and
borrowing money to banks at short term purpose within one year. Money market regulated by
the reserve bank of India and it is providing the money to trade and industry it helps in
implementing monetary policy. The most active part of the money market is the market for
overnight call and term money between banks and institutions the term short term means
generally period up to one year and nearly substitutes to money is used to denote any
financial assets which can be quickly converted into money with minimum transaction cost.
Money market intermediaries supply only short term funds to individual and corporate
customer they consist of commercial banks, co-operative banks. A paper deals with present
trend in money market and short term money development of Indian economy.

Keywords : money market, banking institutions, financial instruments,monetarypolicy,repo

rates, call money market, commercial banks, demand and supply, trade and industry.

*Mr. M. Sunil Manohar Subbaiah

(Mba.M.com)Assistant Professor.
Sunilmonu555@gmail.com
Mobile No: 8886108360
Gates Institution of Technology Gooty

**K. Nagabhushana, **H.Ramakrishna,

P.G Student, Department of Management Studies, P.G Student, Department of Management Studies,
Gates Institute of Technology, Gooty -515401, A.P. Gates Institute of Technology, Gooty-515401, A.P,
Mobile:+91-9441716395 Email Mobile:+91-9573132356
:nbhushana41@gmail.com

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MIT- SOM PGRC KJIMRP National Research Conference (Special Issue) - 2016
1. Introduction
Financial openness is often regarded as
providing important potential benefits.
Access to money markets expands investors’
opportunities for a potential for achieving
higher risk-adjusted rates of return. It also
allows countries to borrow to smooth
consumption in the face of adverse shocks,
the potential growth and welfare gains
resulting from such international risk sharing
can be large (Obstfeld, 1994). It has also
been argued that by increasing the rewards
of good policies and the penalties for bad
policies, free flow of capital across borders
may induce countries to follow more
disciplined macroeconomic policies that
translate into greater macroeconomic
stability. An increasingly common argument
in favour of financial openness is that it may
increase the depth and breadth of domestic
financial markets and lead to an increase in
financial intermediation process by lowering
costs and “excessive” profits associated with
monopolistic or cartelized markets, thereby
lowering the cost of investment and
improving resource allocation.
2. Objectives of Money Market
1. To promote economic growth
2. Providing an equilibrium mechanism for
ironing our short-term surplus and
deficits
3. Providing a focal point for central bank
intervention for the influencing liquidity
in the economy
4. Providing access to users of short term
money to meet their requirements at a
reasonable price
3. Role of Money Market in Economy
Money markets play a key role in banks’
liquidity management and the transmission
of monetary policy. In normal times, money
markets are among the most liquid in the
financial sector. By providing the
ISSN : 0976-8262
appropriate instruments and partners for
liquidity trading, the money market allows
the refinancing of short and medium-term
positions and facilitates the mitigation of
your business’ liquidity risk. The banking
system and the money market represent the
exclusive setting monetary policy operates
in. A developed, active and efficient
interbank market enhances the efficiency of
central bank’s monetary policy, transmitting
its impulses into the economy best. Thus, the
development of the money market smoothes
the progress of financial intermediation and
boosts lending to economy, hence improving
the country’s economic and social welfare.
Therefore, the development of the money
market is in all stakeholders’ interests: the
banking system elf, the Central Bank and the
economy on the whole.
1. Producing Information and Allocating
Capital
The information production role of financial
systems is explored by Ramakrishnan and
Thakor (1984), Bhattacharya and P fleiderer
(1985), Boyd and Prescott (1986), and Allen
(1990). They develop models where
financial intermediaries arise to produce
information and sell this information to
savers. Financial intermediaries can improve
the ex ante assessment of investment
opportunities with positive ramifications on
resource allocation by economizing on
information acquisition costs. As
Schumpeter (1912) argued, financial systems
can enhance growth by spurring
technological innovation by identifying and
funding entrepreneurs with the best chance
of successfully implementing innovative
procedures. For sustained growth at the
frontier of technology, acquiring information
and strengthening incentives for obtaining
information to improve resource allocation
become key issues.
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2.2 Risk Sharing
One of the most important functions of a
financial system is to achieve an optimal
allocation of risk. There are many studies
directly analyzing the interaction of the risk
sharing role of financial systems and
economic growth. These theoretical analyses
clarify the conditions under which financial
development that facilitates risk sharing
promotes economic growth and welfare.
Quite often in these studies, however,
authors focus on either markets or
intermediaries, or a comparison of the two
extreme cases where every financing is
conducted by either markets or
intermediaries.
2.3 Liquidity
Money market funds provide valuable
liquidity by investing in commercial paper,
municipal securities and repurchase
agreements: Money market funds are
significant participants in the commercial
paper, municipal securities and repurchase
agreement (or repo) markets. Money market
funds hold almost 40% of all outstanding
commercial paper, which is now the primary
source for short-term funding for
corporations, who issue commercial paper as
a lower-cost alternative to short-term bank
loans. The repo market is an important
means by which the Federal Reserve
conducts monetary policy and provides daily
liquidity to global financial institutions.
2.4 Diversification
For both individual and institutional
investors, money market mutual funds
provide a commercially attractive alternative
to bank deposits. Money market funds offer
greater investment diversification, are less
susceptible to collapse than banks and offer
investors greater disclosure on the nature of
their investments and the underlying assets
than traditional bank deposits
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2.5 Encouragements to Saving and
Investment
Money market has encouraged investors to
save which results in encouragement to
investment in the economy.the savings and
investment equilibrium of demand and
supply of loanable funds helps in the
allocation of resources.
2.6 Controls the Price Line in Economy
Inflation is one of the severe economic
problems that all the developing economies
have to face every now and then. Cyclical
fluctuations do influence the price level
differently depending upon the demand and
supply situation at the given point of time.
Money market rates play a main role in
controlling the price line.
2.7 Helps in Correcting the Imbalances in
Economy.
Financial policy on the other hand, has
longer term perspective and aims at
correcting the imbalances in the economy.
Credit policy and the financial policy both
balance each other to achieve the long term
goals strong-minded by the government.
2.8 Regulates the Flow of Credit and
Credit Rates
Money markets are one of the most
significant mechanisms of any developing
financial system. In its place of just ensure
that the money market in India regulate the
flow of credit and credit rates, this
instrument has emerge as one of the
significant policy tools with the government
and the RBI to control the financial policy,
money supply, credit creation and control,
inflation rate and overall economic policy of
the State. Therefore the first and the leading
function of the money market mechanism
are regulatory in nature.
MIT- SOM PGRC KJIMRP National Research Conference (Special Issue) - 2016
4.Importance of Money Market
1. Development of trade & industry
2. Development of capital market
3. Smooth functioning of commercial banks
4. Effective central bank control
5. Formulation of suitable monetary policy
6. Source of finance to government
5.New Trends in Money Market
1. Investment by companies and wealthy
individuals in zero-risk treasury bills has
been on the rise over the last one year.
2. Corporate investment in the government-
guaranteed Pakistan Investment Bonds
(PIBs) and IjaraSukuk also remains
steady.
3. On the other hand, the trend to hold on
hard currencies for exchange rate
benefits, that had become out of fashion,
now catches up off and on as speculators
manage to make some quick bucks
7. Growth of Money Market in India
While the need for long term financing is
met by the capital or financial markets,
money market is a mechanism which deals
with lending and borrowing of short term
funds. Post reforms period in India has
witnessed tremendous growth of the Indian
money markets. Banks and other financial
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whenever the rupee falters under external
sector pressures.
4. Being alive to emerging realities, some
banks offer ‘reasonable’ rates of return to
depositors even in the face of declining
interest rates. That explains, at least in
part, a big 20 per cent annual increase in
deposits of banks up to November 2012
against a rise of 13 per cent recorded in
one year to November 2011.
5. Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) 100-
share index shot up to an all-time high.
Stockbrokers identify better-than-
projected results of a few sectors
including food, cement and oil and gas
plus renewed interest of foreign buyers
in our market as two key factors that
drove our stocks up. They say that after
the recent improvement in export
earnings, textile is likely to join the
sectors that are expected to keep bullish
sentiments alive.
institutions have been able to meet the high
expectations of short term funding of
important sectors like the industry, services
and agriculture. Functioning under the
regulation and control of the Reserve Bank
of India (RBI), the Indian money markets
have also exhibited the required maturity and
resilience over the past about two decades.
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MIT- SOM PGRC KJIMRP National Research Conference (Special Issue) - 2016
Decision of the government to allow the
private sector banks to operate has provided
much needed healthy competition in the
money markets, resulting in fair amount of
improvement in their functioning.
Conclusion
To sum up, the money market is a key
component of the financial system as it is the
fulcrum of monetary operations conducted
by the central bank in its pursuit of monetary
policy objectives. It is a market for short-
term funds with maturity ranging from
overnight to one year and includes financial
instruments that are deemed to be close
substitutes of money. The money market
performs three broad functions. Firstly, it
provides an equilibrating mechanism for
demand and supply of short-term funds.
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Secondly, it enables borrowers and lenders
of short-term funds to fulfil their borrowing
and investment requirements at an efficient
market clearing price. Three, it provides an
avenue for central bank intervention in
influencing both quantum and cost of
liquidity in the financial system, thereby
transmitting monetary policy impulses to the
real economy.
References
• Abaruchis, A. T. (1993), “International
Financial Markets Integration: An
Overview”.
• Anthony Saunders & Marcia
MillonCornett(2001),”Financial
Markets and Institutions, A
modern Perspective”