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12 Februari
2020
Indonesia:
• 77 pemeriksaan
spesimen
Pasien dalam
Pengawasan:
– 71 negatif
CoVID-19
– 6 masih
dalam proses
pemeriksaan
• Litbangkes
Kemkes RI
dengan cara
PCR
CoVID-19 compared to other major viruses
multiple cases
unexplainable
pneumonia were
successively reported
in some hospitals in
Wuhan city
Zoonosis Infections
Dye C. 2014 After 2015: infectious diseases in a new era of health and development. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 369: 20130426.
• Currently infected: 52,972
Closed cases:
• Cases with outcome: 7,401
CoVID-19 • Recovered/discharged: 6,032 (82%)
• Deaths: 1,369 (18%)
10 Februari, 2020
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of
2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China
Chest X-Ray
Cases Characteristic • Bilateral pneumonia (75%), unilateral
• Usia 21 – 82 (55.5) pneumonia (25%), ground-glass opac
(14%)
• man : woman = 3 : 1
Blood Tests:
• 51% w chronic ilnness: • Leukocytosis (24%)
• CV dan CVD 40% • Lymphopenia (35%)
• ICU: ARDS (17%), acute • Anemia (51%)
respiratory injury (8%), septic • Prothrombin time decreased (30%)
shock (4%) • D-dimer increase (36%)
• Co-infection: • Albuminemia (98%)
– Bacteria (1%) • ALT increased (35%)
– Fungus (4%) • LDH increased (76%)
– Other virus (0%) • ESR increased (85%)
• Serum feritin increased (63%)
Chen N, et al. Published Online January 29, 2020
• CRP increased (86%)
Treatment
• All patients were treated in isolation.
• 76% patients received antiviral treatment
– Oseltamivir 75 mg every 12 h, orally
– ganciclovir (0·25 g every 12 h, intravenously)
– lopinavir and ritonavir tablets (500 mg twice daily, orally)The duration
of antiviral treatment was 3–14 days (median 3 days [IQR 3–6]).
• Most patients were given antibiotic treatment
– 25% single antibiotic
– 45% combination therapy.
1. Orang dalam
pemantauan
2. Pasien dalam
pengawasan
3. Kasus probabel
4. Kasus konfirmasi
Ya Tidak Ya Tidak
Pasien dalam Pengawasan Pasien dalam Pemantauan oleh Pasien dalam Pengawasan Pasien dalam Pemantauan oleh
Rawat Inap Isolasi petugas kesehatan/Dinkes Rawat Inap Isolasi petugas kesehatan/Dinkes
ALUR PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT
PASIEN DALAM PENGAWASAN
(patient under investigated)
Penempatan Pasien
Di R. Jenazah,
Pengelolaan sesuai Ketentuan
Umum tentang Penanganan
Jenazah Infeksius di Bag. Ilmu
Kedokteran Forensik dan
Medikolegal (IKFM)
Berita Acara
Diberikan oleh Bag. IKFM ke
keluarga
CLOSE CONTACT – need Precaution
• Health care associated exposure, including:
– providing direct care for nCoV patients,
– working with health care workers infected with nCoV,
– visiting patients or staying in the same close environment
of a nCoV patient.
• Working together in close proximity or sharing the
same classroom environment with a with nCoV patient
• Traveling together with nCoV patient in any kind of
conveyance
• Living in the same household as a nCoV patient
SKRINER
Depan
Wuhan, the epicentre of the coronavirus
outbreak, has been in lockdown since
January 23
“It’s better to be somewhat
overprepared than
underprepared”
Novel Coronavirus
Chowdhury.PK..HVAC Design criteria for isolation room.Journal of magazine of Indian
society of heating,refrigerating and air Conditioning engineers.Jul-Sep 2002;1-19
Matikan AC – buka jendela
Poliklinik RS
Poliklinik Puskesmas
Poliklinik Privat
ALUR PASIEN
1. Pasien datang
2. Menunggu..............Pendaftaran
3. Menunggu..............Periksa Dokter
4. Menunggu..............Ke Penunjang
- Menunggu.........Ro
- Menunggu.........Laboratorium (Pendaftaran,
pembayaran, Sampling, ambil hasil )
8. Menunggu.............Ke Dokter
9. Menunggu..............Apotek
Perlukah Merujuk Pasien?
• Kasus pertama
– hampir semua pasien yang “dicurigai”, oleh RSUD/RS Swasta dirujuk ke
RSHS
– Pasien ke dokter karena “takut nCoV”, lalu dokter merujuk pasien ke RS
Komunikasi
risiko APD
Dukungan
Penanggulangan
Peningkatan
Kasus nCoV
Diagnostik
Pencatatan (termasuk
& ambil
Pelaporan spesimen) +
CXR
Paling penting: Petugas Kesehatan
• All healthcare personnel should follow
strict infection control practices:
– Patients should wear surgical masks if
showing symptoms.
– Healthcare workers should wear proper
personal protective equipment, including
eye protection.
– Evaluate patients in a private room with
the door closed.
– Notify facility infection control personnel
and your local health department if you
have a patient under review for 2019-
nCoV.
Take Home Messages
• Sifat penularan nCoV cepat
• Case fatality rate cukup tinggi
• Belum diketahui efek infeksi jangka panjang
• Belum ada terapi untuk nCoV
• Pencegahan adalah cara penting terutama untuk
petugas kesehatan
• Kewaspadaan berdasarkan penularan melalui airborne
• Belum diketahui berapa lama kita akan menghadapi
situasi seperti ini
Protect Yourself and Others
from Getting Sick
&
Risk Communication