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ent cases.
A 1-B 1.1 An important drop of inlet temperature occurs at
part load, as the mass flow increases even slightly. The pressure
SHPLE CYCLE
f „ = 0,8
1
Ing. Dr., Dr. Sc, Corresponding member of Czechoslovak Academy of 7, -0,85
Sciences, Professor at the Mechanical Faculty of the Technical University of £ £ = OBI
Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Contributed by the Power Division of THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OP
10
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. Manuscript received at ASME Headquar-
ters. Fig. 1
05 1,0
N--.
Fig. 4
Fig. 2
REGENERATIVE CYCLE
7, • as WO j . ,
1 , -aas — KO dl,
i £ « 0,13
200
Fig. 5
Fig. 3 Conclusions
The foregoing analysis has shown clearly that adjustment of
compressor and turbine characteristics by appropriate control
plays an important role in practically all developments of gas tur-
A 1-B 2.2 Equilibrium running of doubleshaft units, mult- bines aimed at the improvement of PLSFC. Adjustable vanes have
ishaf't been used in different gas turbine designs as a method of low loss
A 1-B 2.3 units, and single shaft units for special drives de- control of the turbine characteristic. Similar methods of control
pends on many variables. Special aerothermodynamic analysis is have been applied to axial compressors and used for several pro-
most necessary. On the other hand, a trend for higher pressure ra- duction models of gas turbines all over the world. On the contrary,
tios can be observed in the development together with a trend for little attention has been given to the problem of control in the case
higher temperature ratios. We may consider rightly, therefore, the of centrifugal compressors, particularly in the case of high pressure
adjustment of compressor and turbine characteristics as a means stages, as they are used in gas turbines. This contribution is aimed
appropriate for improving the PLSFC for this class of gas turbine at drawing attention to this interesting problem.
units also. Fig. 5 shows, for example, the type of optimum efficiency lines
A 2 Closed cycles open a quite different way to the control of of a high pressure ratio compressor stage, as they are found for
load. Following the original proposal of Ackeret and Keller load constant incidence at the inducer. If the stage would be provided
may be controlled by adjustment of the pressure level. Pressure with additional control of diffuser vanes, which are used to assure
ratio IT and temperature ratio T remain constant and load reduc- constant incidence of flow at the inlet of the diffuser, very high ef-
tion is the result of a reduced mass flow only. Thermal efficiency ficiency of the stage could be ensured for still wider variety of flow
decreases at part load only slightly due to the influence of lower parameters.
Reynolds number and relative increase of heat losses due to lack of This problem should be studied more thoroughly for application
perfect insulation. Slow response is the only deficiency of this type in gas turbines used for fluctuating load drives.