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Following a diet rich in produce and low in processed meats even if you don't do it
perfectly may be helpful in preventing depression, according to a large new study.
To lower the risk of depression, "People can eat everything, but everything in
moderation," as long as they try to eat lots of vegetables, fruits, nuts and fish, and
avoid fast food and processed meats, said study author Almudena Sanchez-
Villegas of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
At the start of the study, researchers asked 15,000 Spanish university graduates who had never had
depression what they normally ate. Then they asked them again, 10 years later.
The researchers looked at how closely the participants' everyday diets adhered to three healthy diet patterns
that involved consuming high amounts of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts and fish, and avoiding processed
meats. These principles are part of the Mediterranean diet and other healthy diets.
After 8.5 years, 1,550 people in the study reported being diagnosed with depression or using antidepressant
drugs.
The researchers found that the people in the study who stuck to the healthy patterns to a moderate or a high
extent had a lower risk of depression than those who did not follow these diets at all, or who adhered to them
to a low degree.
For example, the risk of depression over the study period for the people who moderately adhered to the
Mediterranean diet was about 25 to 30 percent lower than for those who did not adhere to the diet at all, or
who adhered to it only to a very small extent, the researchers found. [7 Ways to Recognize Depression in 20-
Somethings]
"Even a moderate adherence to these healthy dietary patterns was associated with an important reduction in
the risk of developing depression," Sanchez-Villegas told Live Science.
Moreover, the researchers saw no extra benefit for depression risk when participants followed the diets very
closely, compared with moderate adherence, she said.
The researchers don't know for sure what may explain the link between these dietary patterns and people's
risk of depression. However, one potential mechanism is that people who follow these patterns may have a
lower risk of depression because they get adequate levels of some micronutrients, such as B vitamins, folate
or zinc all of which are essential to brain health, Sanchez-Villegas said.
Conversely, the people who don’t follow these patterns may have a higher risk of depression because of their
nutrient deficits, she said.
Sanchez-Villegas' previous research, published in 2006 and 2009, also showed a link between following a
Mediterranean diet and a lower risk of depression.
The new study was published Sept. 16 in the journal BMC Medicine.
PART I. According to the previous text, answer the following comprehension questions/statements:
1. The statement "People can eat everything, but everything in moderation," can be interpreted in the next way:
a) Individuals cannot eat everything they want. They have to eat all in moderated portions.
2. Which of the following foods do not take part of the principles of Mediterranean and other healthy diets?
a) Processed meats
3. We can interpret the statement "Even a moderate adherence to these healthy dietary patterns was
associated with an important reduction in the risk of developing depression," by Mr. Sanchez-Villegas in the
following manner:
a) If you follow the healthy dietary habit patterns in a reasonable way, the possibility of depression may be
reduced.
4. At the very beginning of the study, researchers interviewed university graduates. How long did it take for
them to be part of the study once again?
a) A decade-long.
c) It is not mentioned.
c) Almudena Sanchez-Villegas
PART II. According to the statements given, complete the chart with the appropriate numbers from the text.
Example:
I. The amount of
graduate students that
took part of the research
study.
II. The years when other
people were diagnosed
with depression.
III. The low percentages
of those who adhered to
the Mediterranean diet.
IV. The years when Mr.
Sanchez-Villegas
published his early
work.
V. The date when a new
study was published on
the journal.
LISTENING PRACTICE
SPEAKING PRACTICE
Dialogue Addictive Food
Dave and Sarah decide to visit an American restaurant.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4cpdb78pWl4
Waiter: Good afternoon. Table for two?
Dave: Yes, please.
1). Watch the video and put the words from the box
Waiter: Smoking or non-smoking? in the gaps.
Sarah: Non-smoking.
Waiter: Right this way. hardwired enhancing spoonful bliss
crunch replicate tremendous palatable
They walk to a table. Dave and Sarah sit down and the waiter taste- receptors proprietary irresistible
gives them menus.
vanished
Waiter: I’ll be back in a few minutes to take your order.
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Underline the correct words from the
2- There is ………lemon in the fridge.
brackets. Then read the dialogue.
Some any a
Megan is in a delicatessen (a shop where you
can buy good quality cheese, bread, meat, 3- Are there ……… potatoes in the basket?
etc.)
Some any a
Megan Hello! I’d like to buy 0 (some/any) of the 4-Is there ……….cheese on the plate?
cold beef, please. It looks nice. How much is it?
Some any a
Man It’s £4.50 for 1 (some/a) kilo. The cooked
prawns are good, too. I don’t normally have 2 5- There isn’t ………bread on the table.
(a lot of/much) prawns, but they’re cheap at the
Some any a
moment.
Megan I’ll have 3 (some/any) beef, please. Six 6- There are……….plums in the bowl
slices will be fine. Have you got 4 (any/many) Some any a
fresh pasta today?
Man Oh dear. We haven’t got 5 (no/much)
pasta today, I’m afraid. I’ve got 6 (some/any) 3 Write much or many
delicious cheese from Wales, though, and 7
(some/a) brown bread from a local farm. 1-Is there ………..flour in the bowl?
Megan The bread looks nice, too. I’d like to 2- There aren’t …………lemons on the plate.
buy 8 (any/ some). Can I have 9 (a/some) loaf,
please? And can I try 10 (much/some) cheese? 3- Are there …………. eggs in the fridge?
Man Of course you can. Is there anything else? 4-There aren’t …………..candies for the kids.
I haven’t got 11 (many/much) eggs today, I’m
afraid - there are only two left. 5-There isn’t ………….. tea in the cup.
Megan Don’t worry. The cheese is fantastic. 6- Is there ………..water in the jug?
I’m sure you sell 12 (a lot of/any) of it. Could
you give me half a kilo, please? 7-There aren’t …………..tomatoes in the fridge
Man Certainly. I’ll give you 13 (a/any) bag to 48-There
Write a isn’t
few or a littlecoke in the bottle
…………
carry everything. Can I give you 14 (an/some)
advice too? Make sure the cheese is warm 1-9-Is
There is …………..flour
there in theinbowl
…………… coffee the bag?
when you eat it. It tastes much better!
2- There are …………..oranges on the plate
5 Fill in the gaps using any, some , a lot of, much, many