WARNING

Possession of smart phones or other electronic devices during the exam is a violation
of the Academic Integrity Policy and subjects the student to dismissal from ADU.
Signature of Students: _____________________________________________

Student Name
Student ID No.
Course Code and Title CRT.301: Critical Thinking
Course Instructor
Course Section
Date and Duration of the Exam

Instructions to Students:
 You must put your ID on the desk in front of you.
 You must sign the attendance sheet.
 You must not cheat: do not copy from another paper, ask for or give assistance, or carry any documents
related to the exam. Any violation of the rules will result in your ejection from the examination room and
dismissal from ADU.
 If you have a question, raise your hand and wait until the proctor acknowledges you.
 Roving Proctors, if exist, will visit your class at regular intervals.
 You should respect proctors who will have the authority to dismiss you out of the exam room if you
misbehave.
 You should keep your eyes on your own paper.
 You are not allowed to take the examination paper out of the examination room, or take photos of the papers.
 You should not leave your seat without permission from the proctor.
 You are not allowed to hand in your answer scripts until 40 minutes have elapsed after the commencement
of the examination.
 When you finish the exam, raise your hand and wait until the proctor acknowledges you and takes your exam
paper.
 Students must leave the room quietly.

1
 Section 1

Question 1. In the following arguments, write D for arguments which are deductive and I for

inductive arguments: (0.5 x 5 = 2.5 Marks)

1. He must be a good basketball player. After all, he’s tall, and all tall people are good
basketball players. Consequently he must be a good basketball player………..

2. If all employers require their employees to take the flu shot, then less people would take
sick days. As a result, the whole nation would be more productive. ………

3. These tomatoes got plenty of sunlight and water. Therefore, the only thing that could
account for their being rotten is the soil………

Section 2

Question 3. Identify and circle the correct answer in the following questions:

(0.5 x 10 = 5 Marks)

ii. “The burglar threatened the student with the knife.”

a. Syntactic ambiguity
b. Grouping ambiguity
c. Semantic ambiguity
d. No ambiguity

iii. “The doctor sent me home with some infected throat medicine.”

a. Grouping ambiguity
b. Syntactic ambiguity
c. Semantic ambiguity
d. No ambiguity

i. Identify and circle whether the following is a lexical or a stipulative definition in

the following example.

2
 “Fashion: a popular or the latest style of clothing, hair, decoration, or behavior.”
a. Lexical
b. Stipulative

ii. Identify and circle whether the following is a lexical or a stipulative definition in
the following example.

“Leader: the person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country.”

a. Lexical
b. Stipulative

iii. Identify and circle the rhetorical question in the following question.
a. What time will you be home today?
b. How many times do I have to tell you to turn your music down?
c. Did you have lunch yet?
d. How does this shirt look?

iv. Identify the rhetorical question in the following questions.

a. “Who’s angry now?”

b. “Did you try on the new dress?”
c. “How was your midterm exam?”
d. “Did you feed the fish?”

v. Identify the hyperbole in the following sentence.

a. Khaled has a million pairs of shoes.

b. Your dad is a smart guy.
c. I could listen to that song twice.
d. I have been to Prague fifteen times.

Section 3

3
Question 5. Identify the fallacy in the following with proper justification: (1 x 5 = 5 marks)

a. Anthony and Marie have a heated argument. During their fight, Anthony tells Marie
that he hates her and wished that she would get hit by a bus. Later that evening,
Anthony receives a call from a friend who tells him that Maria is in the hospital
because she was struck by a bus. Anthony immediately blames himself and reasons
that if he hadn't made that comment during their fight, Marie would not have been hit.
What logical fallacy has Anthony committed?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

b. Louise is running for class president. In her campaign speech she says, "My opponent
does not deserve to win. She is a smoker and she cheated on her math test last year."
What fallacy has Louise committed?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

c. Jeff's mom is concerned when she finds out that he skipped class one day. She tells
him that she is concerned that since he skipped one class, he will start skipping more
frequently. Then he will drop out altogether, never graduate or get into college, and

4
 end up unemployed and living at home for the rest of his life. What type of fallacy has
Jeff's mom committed?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

d. Dana is trying to raise money for her university's library. In her address to the board of
trustees, she says, "We must raise tuition to cover the cost of new books. Otherwise
the library will be forced to close." Which fallacy is being committed here?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..
e. The Professor’s idea for implementing affirmative action in the university's admission
process is completely crazy. He says he wants the student body to represent diversity
in the community. But that's ridiculous. I suppose this means we'll have to throw out
our academic standards while are at it. After all, if we're going to let students into our
prestigious institution just because of their gender or the color of their skin, then what's
going to happen to our reputation?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

5
 ……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Section 4

Question 6. Your family is vacationing alone on a private stretch of beach with no lifeguard. Your
daughter and your niece, both 7, are best friends and eager to get into the water. You
caution them to wait until the water calms some, but they defy you and sneak in anyway.
You soon hear screams of distress and find them both caught in a strong current. You are
the only swimmer strong enough to save them, but you can only save one at a time. Your
niece is a very poor swimmer and likely won't make it much longer. Your daughter is a
stronger swimmer, but only has a 50% chance of holding on long enough for you to come
back for her. Who do you save first? Why? Discuss all your considerations. (2.5 Marks)

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Question 7. In the Amazon Rainforest, a poor farmer is arrested for illegal chopping of trees. He
simply chopped down trees to acquire land to grow food for his poor family. The police charges
him for illegal activities, and he is sentenced to jail. Should the police take into consideration his
serious environmental crime or his starving suffering family? Why? Discuss all your
considerations. (2.5 Marks)

6
 …………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Section 5

Question 8. Ahmed is on a cruise ship when there is a fire on board, and the ship has to be
abandoned. The lifeboats are carrying many more people than they were designed to
carry. The lifeboat he’s in is sitting dangerously low in the water – a few inches lower
and it will sink. The seas start to get rough, and the boat begins to fill with water. A group
of old people are in the water and ask Ahmed to throw them a rope so they can come
aboard the lifeboat. It seems to Ahmed that the boat will sink if it takes on any more
passengers. Should Ahmed refuse to throw the rope in order to save himself and the other
lifeboat passengers? Write your response in this situation. What ethical dilemmas did you
encounter in solving this situation? Please relate your position with the applicable value
judgment in such a situation.

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

7
……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Related to the above scenario, please give one example of each of the following from your
own understanding:

i. Descriptive statement.
……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

ii. Value Judgment.

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

iii. Moral value judgment.

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

8
…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

iv. Legal reasoning.

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

v. Aesthetic reasoning.

……………………….…………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………….……………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………….…………………………………………………..