CHAPTER 2

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents, interprets, and analyzes the data

gathered by the researchers which identified the degree of Time

Management Skill among the Level IV BSN students of the University

of Cebu – Banilad Campus. Two variables were identified by the

researchers namely, age and gender. The two variables basically

congregate the information that answers the respondents’ profile. The

tool was categorized in accordance to each step of the management

process namely, Planning, Organizing, Controlling and Evaluating.

Each step contained specific time management skills that aided in the

determination of the degree of skill. Each step contained specific time

management skills that aided the determination of the degree of skill

as perceived by the respondent.

The two variables that determined the respondents profile were

recorded and tallied. Circumspectly, the data gathered in the tool with

respect to each step of time management process namely Planning,

Organizing, Controlling and Evaluating was tallied and solved for the

weighted mean of each step and was interpreted on a scale. The raw

data were statistically treated using the Chi – square.

 43

PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS

Age

Table 1 shows the profile of the respondents according to age. It

shows that 116 or 38.8 % of the respondents are adolescents and 183

or 62.2% are young adults.

As far as age is looked into as a variable in time management,

according to Erik Erikson's stages of human development, a young

adult is generally a person between the ages of 20 and 40, whereas an

adolescent is a person between the ages of 13 and 19.

Table 1

Profile of the Respondents as to Age

AGE GROUP/AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%)

Adolescent: 13-19 116 38.8%

Young Adult: 20-35 183 61.2%

TOTAL 299 100

 43

Gender

Table 2 shows the number of males and females from among the

299 respondents that were randomly selected. It shows that 64% of

the respondents are female and 36% are male.

Historically, nursing has been thought of as a profession for

women. However, nursing often is not thought of as a career of choice

for men (Polifko, 2007).

The traditional image of the nurse- that of angel, sex symbol,

doctor’s handmaiden and, notably, woman (Jinks, 2004) is based upon

female attributes and values entrenched by Florence Nightingale. This

image has been reinforced by he mass media, which continues to

perpetuate nursing as a “feminine” profession.

Our public perceptions of nursing have been consolidated by

societal attitudes and beliefs concerning which occupations are

appropriate for men and women. Such traditional stereotypes preserve

the cycle of bias, which in turn limits the role of men in nursing

(Anthony, 2004).
 43

Table 2

Profile of the Respondents as to Gender

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%)

FEMALE 192 64

MALE 107 36

TOTAL 299 100

DEGREE OF SKILL OF THE RESPONDENTS

Planning

Table 3 shows the degree of skill of the respondents in terms of

planning. It showed that Goal setting so that time and energy are used

to the best effort; assessing goals and values and deciding which ones

really matter, and proceed from there; developing strategies to

achieve goals; clearly defining my purpose; and determining which

tasks should be done first, and which can wait until tomorrow or next

week – all are activities that indicate planning phase of time

management, had the same interpretation of Moderately Skillful.

Overall mean rating is 3.17 with the interpretation of Moderately

Skillful.
 43

Table 3

Degree of Skill on Time Management as to Planning

INDICATORS MEAN INTERPRETATION

I am skillful in:
1. Goal setting so that time 3.18 Moderately skillful
and energy are used to the
best effort.
2. Assessing goals and 3.12 Moderately skillful
values and deciding which
ones really matter, and
proceed from there.
3. Developing strategies to 3.22 Moderately skillful
achieve goals.
4. Clearly defining my 3.12 Moderately skillful
purpose.
5. Determining which tasks 3.22 Moderately skillful
should be done first, and
which can wait until
tomorrow or next week.
GRAND MEAN 3.17 Moderately skillful

Organizing

Table 4 reveals the degree of skill of Level IV BSN Students in

terms of organizing. The data shows that Prioritization of tasks ; Setting

aside time at the beginning of each day to plan for spending time on

higher priorities; Listing of new roles in work that indicates different

areas in which to invest time and energy; organizing and maintaining

physical environment at home, school, and work; limiting activities to

those that fit with my goals and daily agenda; had the same
 43

interpretation of moderately skillful. Overall mean rating is 3.11 with

the interpretation of Moderately Skillful.

Organizing includes establishing the structure to carry out plans,

determining the most appropriate type of the patient care delivery,

and grouping activities to meet unit goals. Other functions involve

working within the structure of the organization and understanding

and using power and authority appropriately. Given the data presented

for this aspect of time management, the Level IV BSN students of UC

–Banilad Campus are Moderately Skilled in prioritization of tasks;

setting aside time at the beginning of each day to plan for spending

time on higher priorities; listing of new roles in work that indicates

different areas in which to invest time and energy; organizing and

maintaining physical environment at home, school, and work; limiting

activities to those that fit with my goals and daily agenda.

 43

Table 4

Degree of Skill on Time Management as to Organizing

INDICATORS MEAN INTERPRETATION

I am skillful in:
1. Prioritization of tasks 3.22 Moderately skillful
2. Setting aside time at the 3.14 Moderately skillful
beginning of each day to
plan for spending time on
higher priorities.
3. Listing of new roles in 3.05 Moderately skillful
work that indicates different
areas in which to invest
time and energy.
4. Organizing and 3.10 Moderately skillful
maintaining physical
environment at home,
school, and work.
5. Limiting activities to 3.02 Moderately skillful
those that fit with my goals
and daily agenda.
GRAND MEAN 3.11 Moderately skillful

Controlling

Table 5 shows the degree of skill of Level IV BSN Students in

terms of controlling. The data shows that; Using a daily checklist;

Maintaining a time log; Minimizing procrastination; Using high energy

time to do serious studying; Taking advantage to new technology such

as cellular phones and computers to save time; had the same

interpretation of moderately skillful. Overall mean rating is 2.87 with

the interpretation of moderately skillful.

 43

Controlling functions include performance appraisals, fiscal

accountability, quality control, legal and ethical control and

professional and collegial control (Marquis, 2006).

Table 5

Degree of Skill on Time Management as to Controlling

INDICATORS MEAN INTERPRETATION

I am skillful in:
1. Using a daily checklist. 2.68 Moderately skillful
2. Maintaining a time log 2.68 Moderately skillful
3. Taking advantage to 3.18 Moderately skillful
new technology such as
cellular phones and
computers to save time.
4. Using high energy time 2.95 Moderately skillful
to do serious studying.
5. Minimizing 2.85 Moderately skillful
procrastination.
GRAND MEAN 2.87 Moderately skillful

Evaluating

Table 6 reveals the degree of skill of Level IV BSN Students in

terms of evaluating. The data shows that; Evaluating how successful

efforts are; Differentiating between time urgencies that are valid and

others that are needlessly created; Identify whether time and energy

is spent on the real problem; Reflecting on my current time

management; Evaluating at a later time to learn more about my

 43

problem solving ability; had the same interpretation of moderately

skillful. Overall mean rating is 2.95 with the interpretation of

Moderately Skillful.

Table 6

Degree of Skill on Time Management as to Evaluating

INDICATORS MEAN INTERPRETATION

I am skillful in:
1. Evaluating how successful 2.94 Moderately skillful
efforts are.
2. Differentiating between 2.96 Moderately skillful
time urgencies that are valid
and others that are needlessly
created.
3. Identify whether time and 2.93 Moderately skillful
energy is spent on the real
problem.
4. Reflecting on my current 2.94 Moderately skillful
time management.
5. Evaluating at a later time to 2.96 Moderately skillful
learn more about my problem
solving ability.
GRAND MEAN 2.95 Moderately skillful

Time Management Process

Table 7 reveals the degree of skill of Level IV BSN Students in

each step of the Time Management Process. The data shows that;

Planning with the weighted mean of 3.17 was interpreted as

moderately skillful; Organizing with the weighted mean of 3.11 was

 43

interpreted as moderately skillful; Controlling with the weighted mean

of 2.87 was interpreted as moderately skillful; Evaluating with the

weighted mean of 2.95 was interpreted as moderately skillful. Overall

mean rating is 3.28 with the interpretation of Moderately Skillful.

Table 7

Summary of the Degree of Time Management Skills

of Level IV BSN Students

TIME MANAGEMENT PROCESS

Respondents Weighted Mean
Planning Organizing Controlling Evaluating Average
BSN Level IV 3.17 3.11 2.87 2.95 3.28
Students
Interpretation Moderately Moderately Moderately Moderately Moderately
Skillful Skillful Skillful Skillful Skillful

RELATIONSHIP OF AGE AND GENDER TO THE TIME

MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF THE RESPONDENTS

Table 8 shows the relationship of age to the degree of Time

Management Skill of the Level IV BSN students as well as the

relationship of gender to the degree of Time Management Skill of the

Level IV BSN students. The data was statistically treated using the Chi

– square. The table reveals that with a computed value of chi of 27.09
 43

and tabled value of 55.76 at 0.05 level of significance, there is no

significant relationship between the degree of Time Management skills

of BSN Level 4 students and their Age. ITable 8 also shows that with a

computed value of chi 6.87 and tabled value of 7.81 at 0.05 level of

significance, there is no significant relationship between the degree of

Time Management skills and Gender of BSN Level 4 students.

Table 8

The Relationship between Profile and

Time Management Skills

Degree
Computed Tabled
of Level of
Profile Value Value Decision Interpretation
Freedom Significance
(CV) (TV)
(df)

Time
Managemen Accept No significant
27.09 36 0.05 55.76
t Skills and Ho relationship
Age

Time
Managemen Accept No significant
6.87 3 0.05 7.81
t Skills and Ho relationship
Gender