Objectives :

To show ,using visual ,that you understand archetypes and how they exist in
literature

Psychological Approach

Marxist Approach

Cultural Studies

Myths and Archetypes

Lit Terms

Linkage

Analysis using Mythological and Archetypal Method

The Difference between mythological and archetypal criticism:

Mythological Criticism:

Has references to famous mythological stories in works of literature

These references are included in the hopes of getting a universal reactions from all readers

It is similar to a psychological approach because it also is concerned with the things that underlie human
behavior

Myths are symbolic of people’s hopes fears, values, and other philosophical ideas.

Archetypal Criticism:

· First of all, archetypes are similar ideas, motifs, and images found in many different myths

· Normally defined as “universal symbols”

· Examples of archetypes are images (such as water, sun, certain colors or numbers, circles, the serpent,
garden, tree, desert) “the hero,” “the earth mother”, “the soul mate,” “the trickster,” motifs or pattern,
and genres

Using Mythological and Archetypal Criticism:

Unlike the more traditional form of criticism that focuses on the history of the author and the piece
itself, mythological and archetypal focuses on the history of the gods, goddesses, and other allusions
mentions in the piece that involve mythology.

Mythological critic uses hopes ,fears ,and expectations set by certain cultures
to uncover universal ideas or themes in certain literature. Mythological
criticism is the combination of anthropology,psychology ,history,and
comparative religion . A central concept in mythological criticism is an
archetype that analyses symbols and characters to find a deeper meaning.

CARL JUNG
●A psychologist in the 1930’s,to explain that we all shares a general subconscious and archetypes are
universal. ●Introduced this literary criticism

●Believed that all individuals share an “uncollective unconscious “ which means a common thought
between all humans that lies below a person’s unconcious mind.

SIR JAMES FRAZER

●studied myth from different cultures and found that stories differ from detail to detail but in subtance
are the same.

Key words

FEARS

Religion(Water ,Rising on the third day,the devil,lambs)

Myth(The Odessey,Gods,Hercule-an Quest)

Explanation ,Human Flaws,Colors

The pros and cons

STRENGHTS
●Humans respond instinctively to archetypal elements because we according to psychologist Carl
Jung,are born with a “collective unconscious “,a level below the subconscious where the brain collective
and stores archetypes.

●The Large variety of archetypes all relate to human flaws and experiences .

WEAKNESSES

●ignores historical ,philosophical,and aesthetic parts of a work. ●Reduces the work to basic plot and
character types.

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/122571156/Sociological-Criticism

https://public.wsu.edu/~delahoyd/marxist.crit.html

ARCHETYPAL

Archetype is something that re occurs in literature and in art .This someting can be a symbol ,a theme ,a
setting or a character. Archetyl focuses on those patterns in literary works,These patterns include
persistent images ,figures,and story patterns shared by people across diverse cultures.Archetypal are
also interested in certain myths and rituals that recur in a wide variety of cultures.

ARCHETYPAL CRITICISM -it is a type of critical theory that interprets a text by focusing on recurring
myths and archetypes in the narrative ,symbols,images,and character types in a literary work.

According to Carl Jung ,these patterns are embedded deep in the “collective unconcious”and involve
“racial memories “ of situations ,events ,relationships from time immemorial.

CARL JUNG

Addresses the relevance of archetypal theory in literature and the arts most clearly in THE SPIRIT in
Man,Art and Literature(1992)whic-h contains two significant essays on literature and poetry (1rst
published 1992 and 1930).

Jung’s Archetypal theory ,the unconscious mind plays a profound role,and it has purpose ,which is to
assist individuals in maintaining a balanced psychological state.

THEORY’S WEAKNESSES /LIMITATIONS

Many critics are leery of the actual value of the archetypal approach ;they seem to think it is
reductionistic ,formulaic.It generally excludes other sources or criticisms .Other believe that literary
individuality is ignored with so much emphasis on cycles and patterns .Not all literature contains
symbolism; some is simply written for enjoyment.
THEORY’S STRENGTHS /ADVANTAGES

Archetypal Criticism focuses on certain symbols and their meanings.Almost all literature is written to
convey events which mean something .Archetypal looks for theses meanings as well as what the
symbols in the story stand for.It acts as apowerful in teaching and in expressing universal feelings,
beliefs,and ideas .Very closely linked with psychological theories and criticism .

https://-www.scribendi.com/

https://-www.litencyc.com/

https://www.pbs.org/

slideshare.net

slideshareplayer.com

https://prezi.com/m/di-rhq7ujy8i/mythological-criticism/

http://awinlanguage.blogspot.com/2012/03/mythological-and-archetypal-approach-to.html?m=1

http://ragingdove12603.tripod.com/id11.html

https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/lizajavier3/mythological-and-archetypal-criticism