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BUM1113 Technical Mathematics

Chapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric

Laila Amera Aziz

Universiti Malaysia Pahang

November 21, 2016

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 1 / 14
Chapter Overview

1 6.1 The Addition Formulas

2 6.2 Double-angle Formulas

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 2 / 14
Learning Outcomes

By the end of this lecture, students should be able to:


Apply addition formulas of trigonometric function.

Apply double-angle formulas of trigonometric function.

Solve trigonometric equations.

Evaluate the inverse trigonometric functions.

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 3 / 14
6.1 The Addition Formulas

The Addition Formulas of Sine and Cosine :

sin(A ± B) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B

cos(A ± B) = cos A cos B ∓ sin A sin B

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 4 / 14
Example
1 Simplify the expression cos 2θ cos θ + sin 2θ sin θ.
π 
2 Prove cos − α = sin α.
2
3 Use the special angle to determine the exact value of cos 15◦ .
√  
3 π 3 3π
4 If sin s = 0<s< and sin t = − π<t < ,
5 2 4 2
compute sin (s − t).

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 5 / 14
Addition Formulas For Tangent

tan A ± tan B
tan (A ± B) =
1 ∓ tan A tan B

Example
tan π9 + tan 2π
9
1 Simplify the expression .
1 − tan π9 tan 2π
9

π π π π
2 Compute tan , using the fact that = − .
12 12 3 4

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 6 / 14
Exercise

1 Simplify the expression


(a) sin θ cos 2θ + cos θ sin 2θ

(b) sin (A + B)cos A − cos (A + B)sin A

2 Find the exact value of


(a) sin 76◦ cos 31◦ − cos 76◦ sin 31◦

(b) cos2 15◦

3 Prove that each equation is an identity.


sin (s + t)
(a) = tan s + tan t
cos s cos t
2 tan θ
(b) tan 2θ =
1 − tan 2 θ

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 7 / 14
6.2 Double-Angle Formulas

The Double Angle Formulas


1 sin 2θ = 2sin θ cos θ

2 cos 2θ = cos 2 θ − sin 2 θ


2tan θ
3 tan 2θ =
1 − tan 2 θ

Equivalent Form of cos 2θ = cos 2 θ − sin 2 θ

cos 2θ = 2cos 2 θ − 1

cos 2θ = 1 − 2sin 2 θ

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 8 / 14
Example
5 π
If sin θ = and < θ < π, find the exact value of
13 2
(a) sin 2θ

(b) cos 2θ

(c) tan 2θ

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 9 / 14
Example
2 tan 15◦
1 Find the exact value of
1 − tan 2 15◦
2 Prove cos 3θ = 4 cos3 θ − 3 cos θ

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 10 / 14
The Half-Angle Formulas

The Half-Angle Formulas


r
α 1 − cos α
1 sin = ±
2 2
r
α 1 + cos α
2 cos = ±
2 2
α sin α
3 tan =
2 1 + cos α
1 − cos θ
=
sin α
r
1 − cos α

1 + cos α

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 11 / 14
Example

3
1 Use cos 210◦ = − to find the exact value of cos 105◦ .
2
α
2 Verify the identity tan = csc α − cot α
2

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 12 / 14
Exercise I

1 Use the doule-angle formula to find the value of the trigonometric


expressions.
(a) sin 15◦ cos 15◦

(b) 1 − 2sin 2 30◦

24 3π
2 Suppose cos θ = and < θ < 2π, find the exact value of
25 2
(a) sin 2θ

(b) cos 2θ

(c) tan 2θ

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 13 / 14
Exercise II

3 Verify that each equation is an identity.


(a) (sin x + cos x)2 = sin 2x + 1

(b) sin 4x = 4sin x cos x cos 2x

4 Use a half-angle identity to find each exact value.


(a) sin 105◦

(b) tan 75◦

Laila Amera Aziz (Universiti Malaysia Pahang)BUM1113 Technical MathematicsChapter 6 : Analytical Trigonometric
November 21, 2016 14 / 14

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